1. 2-Minute Review For each key idea define and suggest a memory aid.
Information
Memory Clue
Sound
-definition
Song or piece of music, idea to remind you…
Pitch
Dynamics
Tone Color

2. Voices and Instruments
Performing
Voices and Instruments

3. Voices
When you sing, air from your lungs passes through your vocal folds(vocal cords).
When this happens, your vocal folds vibrate and create a sound.
Men’s vocal folds are longer than woman's.
This is what makes their voices sound lower. (Think longer and thicker strings on piano)

4. Voices
Voices are classified into categories based on their ranges (voice parts).
Women
Soprano
Mezzo-Soprano
Alto
Men
Tenor
Baritone
Bass
A group of singers performing together is called a choir.
Watch for the different voice parts here: Vivaldi Gloria-excerpt.

5. Difference between “Song” and “Piece” of music
A song is sung, or otherwise scored for voice.
A work composed for a large group (choir) is called a vocal chorus.
Music written for instruments is called a piece of music, not a song.
The abbreviation Op. before a numbered work refers to an Opus (Latin- masterwork) number.

6. Musical Instruments Woodwind Brass Strings Percussion
Instruments are classified into 5 different families
Woodwind
Brass
Strings
Percussion
Electronic (not heard in ex.) Listen for the four distinct sections here:

7. Woodwind Family
Woodwind instruments are wind instruments that at one point used to be made out of wood.
Most of them use reeds.
Viewing: Lady Gaga Saga by Breaking Winds:

8. Brass Family
Brass instruments are made out of metal still today and all are played by buzzing into a mouthpiece.
Viewing: William Tell Overture by Mnozil Brass

9. String Family All instruments in the string family have strings.
Some are bowed.
Some are plucked.
Viewing: Smooth Criminal by 2 Cellos

10. Percussion Family
Percussion instruments have either definite or indefinite pitch
Sound is produced by striking or shaking the instrument.
Striking is done by hand, with a stick, hammer, or mallet.

11. Definite Pitch Percussion

12. Indefinite Pitch Percussion
Viewing: Super Mario Brothers Themes for Percussion

13. Higher order thinking question… Think back to tone vs. noise
Higher order thinking question… Think back to tone vs. noise. How can this be related to the two different types of percussion?

15. Higher order thinking question… Why do you think the orchestra is organized the way it is with certain instruments closer to the front and others in the back?

17. Performance Groups
There are many types of musical groups, but the two most common are:
A concert band is a performing group that does not have any traditional string instruments. Seen here.
An orchestra is a performing group that has all types of traditional instruments, as seen for the four sections demonstration.

18. Musical Leaders A conductor is someone who leads a performance group.
A baton is a thin wand that conductors use to show the beat.
A concertmaster is the leader of all the string instruments and is responsible for making sure the group is in tune.