1. Chapter 23 APUSH Mrs. Price
“An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind.” Mahatma Gandhi

2. America & the Great War Causes: 1. Imperialism 2. Militarism
3. Nationalism
4. System of Alliances
- Triple Entente (Allies)
- Triple Alliance (Central Powers)

3. Imperialism

4. Militarism 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures France 10%
Britain
13%
Russia
39%
Germany
73%

5. Nationalism

6. Alliance System Pre-War: Triple Entente: France, Britain, Russia
Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Wartime:
Allies: same as Triple Entente plus additional countries
Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire

7. Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
June 28, 1914
By Gavrilo Princip

9. Germany Invades Neutral Belgium
The Schlieffen Plan

10. US Gets Pulled into WWI Close ties with Allies
Germany announces unrestricted submarine warfare (1916)
The Sinking of the Lusitania (1915)

11. Zimmermann Telegram (Feb 1917): secret proposal for alliance between Germany & Mexico

12. Russian Revolution (March 1917)
April 6, 1917: Congress declares war

13. Wilson Idealism
US entered the war to “make the world safe for democracy”
1. Sold to US by George Creel
2. Committee on Public Information

14. Fourteen Points Address to Congress
Jan 1918
Set of idealistic goals for peace
League of Nations

15. On the Home Front To control dissent: -Espionage Act -Sedition Act
-Sabotage Act

16. War Production War Industries Board (B. Baruch)
National War Labor Board
New opportunities for women & African-Americans
-Great Migration

17. Women & the War

18. African Americans & the War

19. War Economy
War bonds (Liberty Bonds)
New Taxes

20. US Experience in WWI Draft: Selective Service Act (1917)
American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
-Led by Gen. John J. Pershing
-Size of US military helped demoralize Germans

21. Significant Battles
Chateau-Thierry
Meuse-Argonne

22. Trench Warfare

23. New Technology New, improved machine guns Higher power artillery Tanks
Flamethrowers
Chemical weapons
Airplanes
submarines

24. New Weapons

25. U-Boats

27. High Causality Rates 1 million G.Britain 1.7 million France
2 million Germany
112,000 US (1/2 due to battle)

28. The Somme American Cemetery, France

29. War Ends! 11/11/1918: Armistice is signed
War lasted 4 years; US troops involved for just over 5 months
Paris Peace Conference: Dec 1918

31. The Big Four

32. Treaty of Versailles Germany lost territory
New Countries created: Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Poland
Germany’s army & navy were reduced
Reparations to Allies ($33 billion)
League of Nations
Germany signs after France threatens to invade

33. Post WWI
Map of
Europe

34. Opposition to Treaty in US
US Senate refused to ratify treaty
Wilson refused to compromise, appealed to public
Strong opposition from Sen. Lodge
Democrats lost 1920 election & treaty was dead
US declared an end to war with Germany in 1921

35. Impact of Treaty German economic collapse
Destroyed German middle class
Set stage for rise of Hitler & WWII

36. Post War problems Severe recession begins in 1920 Series of strikes
Farm prices fall
High unemployment, businesses fail
Series of strikes
Seattle
Boston

37. Bomb scares
36 bombs discovered in mail
Sept 1920: Bombing on Wall Street

38. Red Scare Period of anticommunist hysteria
Response to Bolshevik Revolution (1917)
1919: Communist International created

39. Palmer Raids Led by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer
Ordered arrest of thousands of suspected radicals
Poor immigrants were targeted & deported