1. Chapter 25
Jazz Age

2. Time of Turmoil
Communism(share property) in Russia made it’s way to US & wanted to end capitalism (private property)
Anarchists (didn’t believe in gov’t) created fear
“Commies” or “Reds” were arrested or deported (kicked out) from country
Italians Sacco & Vanzetti were put to death for murder, some felt trial was unfair

3. Labor & Racial Tensions
During strikes, people thought of Russian Revolution and Communism
Labor Unions were linked with Commies
Racism in South but North too, led to lynching & riots
Afr Am looked to Jamaican Marcus Garvey who didn’t support integration (mixing blacks & whites), encouraged “back to Africa”

4. Return to Normalcy
1920 election: Warren G Harding/Calvin Coolidge won in landslide over James Cox/Franklin D Roosevelt
First election women could vote
Harding’s Sec of Interior Albert Fall sent to prison for illegally leasing land in Teapot Dome scandal
Harding dies from heart attack

5. President Coolidge
Replaced members of Harding’s Ohio Gang in the cabinet
Both Harding & Coolidge believed in laissez-faire (gov’t stay out of business)
Wins election of 1924, women also become Governor in Texas & Wyoming
Joined 14 other nations in the Kellogg-Briand Pact, outlawing war but it didn’t work well

6. Booming Economy Cheaper electricity increased production
Scientific management “ “
Households got fridges, stoves, vacuum cleaners made chores easier, more free time
Stuff bought on installment-making small payments over time

7. Automobiles 4 million people had cars in the 1920s
Henry Ford’s Model T was for the common man
General Motors soon caught up
Gov’t build roads for cars, creating jobs
Gas stations & restaurants profited

8. Not Getting Rich
Farmers didn’t have WWI to sell crops to and many lost their farms
Trucks replaced many RR for transportation
Electricity replaced coal as energy
Clothes were made of synthetic fibers, not cotton

9. Roaring Twenties
More women going to college and working outside the home
“Flappers” were educated carefree women who liked to have fun
Mass media in newspapers & radio reached large audiences
Listened to baseball & football games

10. Harlem Renaissance Jazz become very popular amongst Afr Am
Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith
Culture blossoms, creating great writers

11. Lost Generation Writers who questioned American ways
F. Scott Fitzgerald & Ernest Hemingway were expatriates living in another country
Sinclair Lewis & Sherwood Anderson stayed in US but were critical of it

12. Prohibition
18th Amendment passed in 1919 banning sale, making, and transporting alcohol
Illegal clubs called speakeasies opened
Gangsters like Al Capone got rich by selling illegal alcohol
21st Amendment repealed it in 1933

13. Discrimination
Rise in nativism (belief that native-born Americans are best)
Revival of KKK went after Catholic, Jews, & immigrants
Quota system allowed only a fixed # of immigrants from each country 1921: 3% of the country’s US pop. 2% in 1924

14. Scopes Trial 1925 TN law made it illegal to teach evolution
HS teacher John Scopes wanted to teach it & was arrested
Clarence Darrow defended Scopes in court while William Jennings Bryan prosecuted
Scopes lost but later the TN Supreme Court overturned the decision

15. Election of 1928 Coolidge doesn’t run again
Herbert Hoover is Republican candidate and takes credit for great economy
Alfred E Smith is Democratic candidate, also Catholic
Hoover won easily (21,427,123 (58%)-15,015,464 (40%)