1. French and Indian War
CHAPTER 3.1

2. Which country controlled the most land in North America in 1754
Which country controlled the most land in North America in 1754? Which country controlled the least?

3. BALANCE OF POWER
France and Britain locked in a struggle for land and power
Mostly fought in Europe but it trickled into N. America

4. British take action
French building armed forts in Ohio River Valley and Great Lakes Region
-they had a network of alliances with Native Americans
General Edward Braddock - commander in chief of the British forces
-mission: drive French out of the Ohio Valley

5. Fort Duquesne Ohio River Valley was a point of conflict
To discourage British from moving into the area, the French built Fort Duquesne
Robert Dinwiddie
- sent George Washington and troops to attack
G.W. defeated a small force but had to retreat when the French counterattacked

6. Fort Duquesne General Edward Braddock Makes G.W. his aide
Marched with 1400 redcoats and a small militia to Fort Duquesne
-troops easy targets - they could not see the French and Native Americans who attacked
Braddock dies along with 1000 men
Fort Duquesne video

7. Britain Declares War on France
War declared in Europe
known as Seven Years War
In North America it was called the French and Indian War
Prussia fought France and its allies in Europe
Britain fought France in Caribbean, India, and North America

8. Balance of power shifts
French General Louis-Joseph Montcalm
Destroys British forts on Lake Ontario and Lake George
Dies at Quebec
American Indians
Raid British settlements in Pennsylvania and Virginia

9. Balance of power shifts
Then British cut off French shipping
Indians desert the French
British capture
Fort Duquesne
French fortress of Louisbourg – guards entrance to St. Lawrence river
General James Wolfe attacks Quebec stronghold – dies

10. Treaty of Paris 1763
Ended the French and Indian War with the British being victors
Britain received
Canada
Great Lakes region
Ohio River valley
Florida
Mississippi River became boundary between British and Spanish claims

11. French and Indian War
French and Indian War for Dummies

12. How did the French and Indian War change the balance of power between the groups that claimed territory in North America?

13. Which nation was Britain's main rival in North America by 1763?

14. Pontiac’s Rebellion Lord Jeffrey Amherst
British military commander
Cut off goods to American Indians
British settlers flooded into western Pennsylvania and Virginia
Conquest of Canada was bad news for American Indians
Could no longer play Britain and France off one another
Indians started capturing British forts in the Ohio River Valley and along the Great Lakes
Raided settlements in western Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia

15. Indian Goal and Failure
Goal - Weaken the British to lure the French back to N. America
Indian attackers ran out of gunpowder, shot, and guns
They had no supplier to replenish

16. Britain Blamed Amherst for Pontiac’s Rebellion
Replace Amherst with General Thomas Gage
Issue the Proclamation of 1763
No settlers could settle west of the Appalachian mountains without the king’s approval
This did not stop settlers

18. Disagreements with British colonies
The French and Indian War along with Pontiac’s Rebellion cost Britain a lot of money
They had a huge war debt
Britain believed the colonists should pay for this debt

19. Albany Plan of Union Drafted by Benjamin Franklin
Called for a centralized government united under the rule of Great Britain
It was rejected by the British because they were
afraid unity would make the colonists hard to manage

20. How is unity expressed in this cartoon?

21. Questions What was one goal of Pontiac's Rebellion?
What was the Albany Plan of Union?
Who died outside of Fort Duquesne?

22. Answers What was one goal of Pontiac's Rebellion?
To weaken the British
What was the Albany Plan of Union?
A centralized government united under Great Britain
Who died outside of Fort Duquesne?
General Edward Braddock