1. Politics of the Common Man
votes for POTUS
New states had
No property or religious qualifications
IN (1816), IL (1818), MO (1821)
Eastern states followed

2. against abuses of power by the rich and privileged
Role of the POTUS
against abuses of power by the rich and privileged

3. The Spoils System
System of rewarding political supporters with jobs in the government 
Democrats used “ ”
Replaced most of the people in offices with their own people:
“ ”

4. Jackson Deconstructs the American System
Jackson rejected national support for transportation projects
Economics
Constitutional
Used the presidential power to to strike down infrastructure bills
Ex. Maysville Road

5. The South Carolina Exposition
The South Carolina Exposition, made by was published in 1828
It was an anonymous pamphlet that denounced the as unjust and unconstitutional
States’ rights doctrine:
* As a last resort, a state could terminate its compact with the other states and

6. Webster-Hayne Debate (1830)
US Senate
Robert Hayne (SC) spoke of nullification and states’ rights
Webster responded in a two-day speech
“Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!”
Jefferson Day toasts:
“electrified the nation”  Thomas Hart Benton
Hayne: “The Union of the States, and the Sovereignty of the States.”
Jackson: “Our Federal Union! It must be preserved!”
Calhoun: “The Union, next to our liberty, most dear.”

7. "Nullies" in the South Tariff of 1832 SC passed the
Slightly lower tariff compared to the Tariff of 1828 
It fell short of the South's (SC) demands
SC passed the
The Tariff of 1828 and 1832 were unenforceable in SC
Threatened secession if attempts were made to collect
Jackson responded that nullification is “incompatible with the existence of the Union”
Asked Congress to pass a , empowering him to enforce the nation’s law in South Carolina by using army and navy
introduced the Tariff of  
Called for the gradual reduction of the Tariff of 1832
The compromise Tariff of 1833 ended the dispute over the Tariff of 1832 between SC and the White House
*Calhoun resigned in 1832 as VP and was elected to the House

8. The “Petticoat Affair”
John Eaton
Floride Calhoun
The “Petticoat Affair”
Margaret Eaton
Martin Van Buren
Emily Donelson

9. The BUS
The BUS was a private institution, accountable not to the people, but to an elite circle of investors
The bank::
Held gov’t funds
Sold gov’t bonds
Minted gold and silver coins and paper money
Held private deposits and made business loans
Restrained state banks from over-issuing paper money
The BUS would accumulate their paper notes and demand specie

10. The Bank War
President Andrew Jackson despised the BUS because he felt it was very monopolistic
Supported only “Hard-Money”
Despised paper currency
Working class “cheated” by changes in value of paper money
- favored the BUS
Paid dividends on bank stock they owned
Provided business loans
Held deposits of their surplus funds
Maintained a sound currency
The and opposed the BUS
Prevented state banks from issuing “cheap money”
Refused many loans to small businesses and farmers due to lack of collateral

11. The National Bank Debate
My bank is awesome, like me!
I have something for your “hydra of corruption”
Re-charter
BUS
Let’s make this a campaign issue
What did the American
people think of
Jackson’s action?

12. "Old Hickory" Wallops Clay in 1832
A third party entered the election in the election of 1832: The Anti-Masonic party
The party opposed the Masonic Order, which was perceived by some as people of privilege and monopoly
Although Jackson was against monopolies, he was a Mason himself; therefore the Anti-Masons were an anti-Jackson party
It gained support from evangelical Protestant groups
The Jacksonians were opposed to all government meddling in social and economic life
was reelected in 1832

13. Election of 1832
Supporters of Jackson =
Supporters of Clay =

14. The “Monster” Is Destroyed!
The Bank War
The people have spoken, now to finish the job.
Now decided to “kill” the national bank
Withdrew all federal funds and placed into state “ ”

15. The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

16. Burying Biddle's Bank
Jackson interpreted his election victory as a from the people to destroy the BUS
In 1833, 3 years before the Bank's charter ran out
Gov’t funds deposited in state banks  called “ ” by his opponents because they were politically supportive of Jackson
Jackson proposed depositing no more funds in the bank and he gradually shrunk existing deposits by using the funds to pay for day-to-day expenditures of the government
Smaller, “ ” in the West
Over-issued paper money
Made many unwise loans not secured by adequate collateral
Much of it was used for speculation in land
In 1836, "wildcat" currency had become so unreliable that Jackson told the Treasury to issue a a decree that required all public lands to be purchased with metallic money
This drastic step contributed greatly to the

17. The (1836) Could only buy federal land with gold or silver
not paper banknotes

18. Results of the Specie Circular

19. Indian Removal Jackson believed could not work (1830)
Allowing Native Americans to live in original areas would also not work
(1830)
Moved more than 100,000 Indians
From east of the Mississippi to reservations west of the Mississippi
The five "civilized" tribes were hardest hit
Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles

20. The “five civilized tribes”

21. The Cherokee Nation After 1820
Cherokee Fight Back
Use the court system
Worcester v. GA (1832)
SCOTUS ruled that Cherokee Nation was a distinct community, GA could not regulate
Jackson  “John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it”
The Cherokee Nation After 1820
John Ross

22. Trail of Tears 1838 Native Americans still remained in the East
US Army used to force relocation
Cherokee
4,000 of 15,000 thousand died
Choctaw 1831
2,500 to 6,000 of 17,000 died
About 5,000-6,000 remained in Mississippi
Seminole
Resisted forcibly until 1842
US spent over $20m in war costs

23. Trail of Tears