1. 13. Age of Reason
Standard: Examine the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors that changed the world view of Europeans.
Essential Question: What were the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors that changed the world view of Europeans?

2. Scientific Revolution
Element: Explain the scientific contributions of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton and how these ideas changed the European world view.
Vocabulary: Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton

4. Scientific Revolution
Definition:
new way of thinking about the natural world based on careful observation and a willingness to question

5. Scientific Revolution
Influences:
Renaissance inspired new curiosity
Exploration broaden European horizons
Scientific discoveries challenge excepted thinking
Printing press spread ideas

6. Nicolaus Copernicus Contribution:
Wrote: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres

7. Nicolaus Copernicus Old View:
believed the earth was the center of the universe (geocentric)
New View:
theorized that the sun was the center and the earth rotated around it (heliocentric)

8. Johannes Kepler Contribution:
gave three fundamental laws of planetary motion

9. Johannes Kepler Old View:
planetary orbits are circular with the sun sitting in the center
New View:
planetary orbits rotated following an elliptical course (egg-shaped) with the sun sitting towards the end of the ellipse

10. Galileo Galilee Contribution:
first known scientist to regularly observe the universe using a telescope

11. Galileo Galilei Old View: Moon was a pure substance New View:
Moon had a rough surface, supported Copernicus ideas

12. Sir Isaac Newton Contribution:
Wrote: The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

13. Sir Isaac Newton Old View:
a divine spirit present in all the material things that allowed for movement (hermetic theory)
New View:
gravity is the reason for planetary motion
everything worked together in order like pieces to a clock and God was at the center of it that set everything in motion like a clock maker

14. Other Contributions Scientific Method:
“I think therefore I am” Rene Descartes
French intellectual who challenged traditional ideas
said that human reason was capable of discovering and explaining the laws of nature and man
accepted nothing as true unless it was proved