1. Hazard Communication General

2. Benefits of understanding chemical hazards
Prevent injuries, deaths from:
Violent chemical reactions, fires, explosions
Burns, irritation, trouble breathing, nausea, diseases
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3. Benefits of understanding chemical hazards
Manufacturers, importers:
Classify chemical hazards
Provide labels, safety data sheets (SDSs)
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4. Detecting hazardous chemicals
Air monitoring equipment
Appearance, odor
Physical, chemical characteristics
Unknown chemicals to be considered hazardous
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5. Physical and health hazards
Chemical manufacturers or importers must classify chemicals according to the physical and health hazards
A chemical can have both physical and health hazards
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6. Physical and health hazards
Hazard classifications have sub-categories
Warning statements, phrases, other label elements are specified after classification
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7. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Physical hazards:
Explosives
Flammable gases
Flammable aerosols
Flammable liquids
Flammable solids
Oxidizing liquids
Oxidizing solids
Oxidizing gases
Self-Reactive substances
Pyrophoric liquids
Pyrophoric solids
Self-heating substances
Organic peroxides
Corrosive to metals
Gases under pressure
Substances which, in contact with water emit flammable gases
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8. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Physical hazards
Pyrophoric gas - spontaneously ignites at 130°F or below
Combustible dust - build-up can ignite if suspended in air in confined area
Grains, sugar
Charcoal, soot
Chemicals (sulfur)
Metals (magnesium, aluminum)
Plastics, resins
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9. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Health hazards
Target organ systemic toxin
Single exposure
Repeated exposure
Aspiration hazard
Acutely toxicity
Skin corrosion or irritation
Serious eye damage or irritation
Respiratory or skin sensitization
Germ cell mutagen
Carcinogenicity
Reproductive toxin
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10. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Health hazards
Simple asphyxiant - displaces oxygen in the air to create an oxygen-deficient atmosphere that can lead to unconsciousness, death
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11. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Health hazards
Health effects:
Can occur rapidly after brief exposure (acute)
Long-term effects after prolonged, repeated exposure (chronic)
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12. Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC)
An adverse physical or health effect that does not meet the specified hazard classes
Belongs to a category that OSHA did not adopt from the United Nations’ Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS)
An effect that falls below the cut-off value for a hazard class
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13. Protective control measures
Engineering controls
Administrative, work practice controls
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14. Protective control measures
Enclosing operations
Ventilation equipment
Substituting less hazardous chemicals
Safer chemical handling procedures
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15. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Used when hazards are not completely controlled or eliminated by other control measures
PPE selection based on hazard assessment and effectiveness of PPE
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16. Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Chemical-resistant:
Goggles
Face shields
Gloves
Boots
Coveralls
Aprons
Respirators
Do not use damaged, malfunctioning PPE
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17. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Emergency procedures
Chemical emergencies can involve fires, explosions, burns, asphyxiations
Unknown chemicals are considered to be hazardous
Emergency responders manage:
Releases of unknown chemicals
Any potentially dangerous release
Others go to safe area, report emergency
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18. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
First aid
First aid information is on the SDS
Report overexposures to any chemical
Get prompt first aid, medical attention
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19. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
First aid
Contact with corrosive, irritating chemicals:
Use emergency eyewash, showers
Flush eyes/skin with water
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20. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
First aid
Overexposure from breathing vapors, gases, aerosols, fumes, dust:
Move victim to safe area with fresh air
Get emergency medical assistance
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21. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
First aid
Ingesting chemicals:
Call poison control center, emergency medical responders
Have information from SDS available
Only induce vomiting or give water if advised by a medical provider
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22. Written HazCom program
OSHA’s HazCom standard includes requirements for:
Chemical classification
Safety data sheets (SDSs)
Labeling
Written HazCom program
Employee information, training
Provisions for trade secrets
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23. Written HazCom program
Written HazCom program is not required if only handling unopened containers
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24. Written HazCom program
Labels, warnings
Safety data sheets (SDSs)
Employee information, training
List of hazardous chemicals
How employees learn hazards of non-routine tasks
Hazards of chemicals in unlabeled pipes
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25. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Labeling overview
Labels warn of potential dangers
Labels are not intended to be the sole source of information
Labels serve as an immediate warning
Containers need labels
Pipes, fuel tanks, engines are not containers
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26. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
Labeling overview
While HazCom 2012 is phased in, you will still see labels meeting previous rule:
Identity of hazardous chemical
Appropriate hazard warnings
Name and address of manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party
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27. Labeling - shipped containers
Product identifier (matches SDS and list)
Signal word (Danger = severe hazard; Warning = less severe)
Hazard statement (based on hazard class and category)
Pictogram (symbol to show hazard class)
Precautionary statement (safe use, storage)
Name, address, phone number of manufacturer, importer, or responsible party to contact for emergency information
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28. Labeling - shipped containers
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29. Labeling - shipped containers
Flame Over Circle
Flame
Exploding Bomb
Oxidizers
Flammables
Self-reactives
Pyrophorics
Self-heating
Emits flammable gas
Organic peroxides
Explosives
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30. Labeling - shipped containers
Skull and Crossbones
Corrosion
Gas Cylinder
Acute toxicity (severe)
Skin corrosion; burns
Eye damage
Corrosive to metals
Gases under pressure
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31. Labeling - shipped containers
Health Hazard
Exclamation Mark
Environmental
Carcinogen
Respiratory Sensitizer
Reproductive Toxicity
Target organ toxicity
Mutagenicity
Aspiration toxicity
Irritant
Dermal sensitizer
Acute toxicity (harmful)
Narcotic effects
Respiratory tract irritation
Environmental toxicity
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32. Labeling - shipped containers
OSHA-defined hazards - Simple asphyxiant:
No pictogram
Signal word = “WARNING”
Hazard statement = “May displace oxygen and cause rapid suffocation”
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33. Labeling - shipped containers
OSHA-defined hazards - Combustible dust:
No pictogram
Signal word = “WARNING”
Hazard statement = “May form combustible dust concentrations in air”
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34. Labeling - shipped containers
OSHA-defined hazards - Pyrophoric gas:
Flame pictogram
Signal word = “DANGER”
Hazard statement = “Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air”
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35. Labeling - in-house containers
Rely on labels on shipped containers
Re-label if label falls off
Re-label if label cannot be read
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36. Labeling - in-house containers
Transferring hazardous chemicals to another container:
Must label container if another person
will use it
Must label container if it is available
during another shift
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37. Labeling - in-house containers
Individual stationary containers (i.e., tanks) may use:
Signs
Placards
Batch tickets
Operating procedures
These alternatives must provide the same information as would a label
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38. Labeling - in-house containers
Different system for in-house labels:
Product identifier
Words, pictures, symbols, or a combination of these, that provide at least general information on the hazards of the chemicals
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39. Labeling - in-house containers
NFPA system identifies:
Health hazards - Blue
Flammability hazards - Red
Reactivity hazards -
Yellow
Special hazards - White
Hazard severity (0 to 4):
0 = none
4 = severe
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40. Labeling - in-house containers
HMIS system identifies:
Health hazards - Blue
Flammability hazards - Red
Physical hazards - Orange
Personal protection - White
Hazard severity (0 to 4):
0 = minimal
1 = slight
2 = moderate
3 = serious
4 = severe
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41. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Chemical fact sheets
Provided by chemical suppliers
Employer keeps them up to date
Must be in English
Immediately available
Report missing SDSs
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42. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Use:
Verify label information
PPE recommendations
Symptoms, health effects
First aid
Emergency procedures
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43. Safety data sheet (SDS)
SDSs contain all Sections in order
Section 1 - Identification:
Product ID
Manufacturer name, address, phone number
Emergency phone
Recommended use
Restrictions on use
Section 2 - Hazard identification:
All hazards
Required label elements
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44. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Section 3 - Composition:
Chemical name, synonyms
CAS number
Percentage of ingredients
Trade secret claims
Section 4 - First aid:
Required treatment for each route of exposure
Acute (immediate) symptoms, effects
Immediate, special treatments
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45. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Section 5 - Fire fighting:
Extinguishing techniques
Extinguishing equipment
Hazardous combustion products
Equipment, precautions for firefighters
Section 6 - Accidental release:
Personal precautions
Protective equipment
Emergency procedures
Containment and cleanup methods
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46. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Section 7 - Handling, storage:
Safe handling
Safe storage
Incompatible materials
Section 8 - Exposure control, Personal protection:
Permissible exposure limits (PELs)
Threshold limit values (TLVs), other exposure limits
Engineering controls
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
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47. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Section 9 - Physical, chemical properties:
Chemical appearance
Odor, odor threshold
Physical properties (pH, flash point, flammability limits, vapor pressure and density, auto-ignition temp., decomposition temp., viscosity, etc.)
Section 10 - Stability, reactivity
Conditions to avoid
Incompatible materials
Hazardous decomposition products
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48. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Section 11 - Toxicological information:
Routes of exposure
Immediate, chronic effects
Toxicity data
Carcinogenicity
Section 12 - Ecological information (non-mandatory):
Ecotoxicity
Biodegradability
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49. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Section 13 - Disposal considerations (non-mandatory):
Waste description
Waste handling, disposal
Section 14 - Transport information (non-mandatory)
DOT shipping name, hazard class, packing group
UN number
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50. Safety data sheet (SDS)
Section 15 - Regulatory information (non-mandatory):
Product-specific safety, health, environmental regulations
Section 16 - Other information:
Date of SDS’s preparation or last revision
SDS indicates if no relevant information is available within a Section
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51. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Being replaced with SDSs
MSDSs have no standardized format, but must include certain information
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52. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Chemical identity
Physical and chemical characteristics
Physical and health hazards
Primary routes of entry
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53. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
PEL, TLV, other exposure limits
Whether it is a carcinogen
Precautions for safe handling, use
Control measures (Engineering, administrative, work practice controls)
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54. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
Emergency first aid procedures
Date of preparation
Name, address, phone number of manufacturer, importer, responsible party
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55. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
MSDSs may also provide information regarding:
Signs, symptoms of exposure
Personal protective equipment
Spill and leak clean-up
Labeling information
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56. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
HazCom Summary
Methods, observations to detect chemicals
Information on physical, health, simple asphyxiation, combustible dust, pyrophoric gas, and other hazards not otherwise classified
Safe work practices, emergency procedures, and PPE use
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57. Timber Products Manufacturers Association
HazCom Summary
Details of HazCom program:
Labels on shipped containers
Labeling used on in-house containers
Safety Data Sheets and the order of information
Always ask for HazCom help if you have any questions
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