1. PASSIVE VOICE

2. + by AGENT (when necessary)
How do you form it?
Passive Subject
+ To Be
+ Past Participle
+ by AGENT (when necessary)
Adverbials
Beer is
made
in factories
The thief
was
caught
by the policemen
The dinner
served
on time
The plane
flown
by the new captain
+ + +

3. What is the Passive Voice used for?
To focus on the person or thing affected by an action.
It is often used when the object of the action is more important than those who perform the action.
If the agent is important (the person, company or thing that does the action) , use "by"
Only verbs that take an object can be used in the passive voice.

4. Changes in the sentence structure
SUBJECT
VERB
OBJECT
ADVERBS
PASSIVE SUBJECT
VERB PHRASE
(Verb TO BE + Past Participle)
AGENT
(by,,,)
ADVERBS

5. Passive Voice Structure
Time reference
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Simple Present
They make Fords in Cologne
Fords are made in Cologne
Present Continuous
They are organising a day trip
A day trip is being organised
Simple Past
William Shakespeare wrote Hamlet
Hamlet was written by Shakespeare
Past Continuous
They were painting the house when I arrived
The house was being painted when I arrived