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Chapter 9 Tobacco Lesson 9.1 The Health Effects of Tobacco Lesson 9.2 Why People Use Tobacco Lesson 9.3 Treating and Preventing Nicotine Addiction.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 9 Tobacco Lesson 9.1 The Health Effects of Tobacco Lesson 9.2 Why People Use Tobacco Lesson 9.3 Treating and Preventing Nicotine Addiction."— Presentation transcript:

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2 Chapter 9 Tobacco Lesson 9.1 The Health Effects of Tobacco Lesson 9.2 Why People Use Tobacco Lesson 9.3 Treating and Preventing Nicotine Addiction

3 The Health Effects of Tobacco
Lesson 9.1 The Health Effects of Tobacco

4 Warm-Up Which parts of the body may be damaged by tobacco use over time? Nervous system Eyes Mouth Lungs Cardiovascular system Digestive system Urinary system Reproductive system Other affected areas: Endocrine system Immune system shutterstock.com/rui vale sousa

5 Tobacco Products Leaves of tobacco plants contain nicotine
Nicotine is an addictive, toxic substance thinkstock.com/iStock/nanoqfu

6 Cigarettes Most common method of tobacco use
Other methods: cigars, pipes (including hookah pipes), smokeless tobacco, and electronic or e-cigarettes thinkstock.com/iStock/pmphoto

7 Smokeless Tobacco Chewing tobacco— strands of tobacco are chewed or held in the mouth Snuff —finely ground tobacco is inhaled or held in the mouth Nicotine is absorbed through mouth tissues shutterstock.com/Shane Trotter

8 Hookah Pipe As tobacco burns, smoke passes through a water chamber and cools before being inhaled thinkstock.com/iStock/nata789

9 Electronic Cigarettes
A liquid solution containing nicotine is vaporized and inhaled Marketed as aid for smokers trying to quit shutterstock.com/Sergey Ash

10 Myth or Fact? The use of smokeless tobacco, hookah pipes, and e-cigarettes is safer, healthier, and less addictive than smoking cigarettes. MYTH Fact: Smokeless tobacco is linked to cancers of the oral cavity, throat, and digestive system. Fact: Hookah smokers are exposed to at least as many toxins as cigarette smokers. Fact: Each method can cause addiction since each delivers nicotine into the body.

11 Cardiovascular System
Smokers are twice as likely to die from heart attacks as nonsmokers Carbon monoxide interferes with the oxygen-carrying ability of red blood cells so the heart receives less oxygen shutterstock.com/BioMedical

12 How Nicotine Affects the Heart
Nicotine enters bloodstream Blood vessels narrow and adrenaline is released Heart and breathing rates, and blood pressure increase Heart works harder to pump blood through body Blood flow restricted by build- up of fatty deposits in vessel walls Increased risk of heart attack or stroke

13 The Respiratory System
Air travels through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and into the bronchi in the lungs Respiratory and cardiovascular systems deliver oxygen to cells and remove and expel carbon dioxide Click here for the “Airflow In and Out of the Lungs” animation Body Scientific International, LLC

14 Gas Exchange in Lungs Body Scientific International, LLC

15 Critical Thinking Which balloon best represents a smoker’s lung?
The balloon on the right is more like a lung damaged by smoking, which can’t hold as much oxygen as a healthy lung thinkstock.com/iStock/Piotr Marcinski; thinkstock.com/iStock/T.W. van Urk

16 Lungs: Before and After Smoking
Over time, smoking damages the lungs The healthy lung (left) belongs to a nonsmoker and the other is that of a smoker Smoking during the teenage years can stunt the growth of the lungs Science Source/Arthur Glauberman

17 70 Carcinogens in Tobacco Smoke
Tar Nicotine Carcinogens Carbon Monoxide thinkstock.com/iStock/empire331

18 Toxic Chemicals Found in Tobacco Products Also Found in…
Embalming fluid Rat poison Pesticides Car exhaust Lighter fluid Battery acid Nail polish remover Road-paving material Hair dye Mothballs Rocket fuel Paint Rubber cement Battery acid Household cleaners

19 Smoking-Related Diseases
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Chronic bronchitis (bronchial tubes become swollen and irritated and pathways to lungs narrowed) Emphysema (sacs of air in lung tissue are destroyed) Lung Cancer Abnormal cells grow rapidly and form a mass of cells, or tumor, that interferes with breathing

20 Click here for the Unit 4 video, “A Day in the Life”
Immune System Smoking weakens immune system — organs, tissues, and cells that fight off disease-causing agents Smokers get sick more often than nonsmokers Click here for the Unit 4 video, “A Day in the Life” thinkstock.com/iStock/ATIC12

21 Smokers are popular, sophisticated, and glamorous
Myth or Fact? Smokers are popular, sophisticated, and glamorous MYTH Fact: Smokers often have yellow teeth, bad breath, smelly hair and clothes. Fact: Smokers are viewed by other teens as unhealthy, foolish, and not very bright. shutterstock.com/Nejron Photo

22 Impact of Secondhand Smoke
Secondhand smoke is dangerous To protect the public, smoking is banned in many public areas Those most harmed by secondhand smoke are infants, children, and pregnant women shutterstock.com/Lester Balajadia

23 Children and Secondhand Smoke
Children regularly exposed to secondhand smoke have more respiratory problems, including asthma attacks ear infections sore throats shutterstock.com/Elena Kouptsova-Vasic

24 Pregnant Women and Smoking
Women who smoke while pregnant raise the risk their children will be born prematurely have a low birth weight die of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) develop behavioral problems thinkstock.com/iStock/Chris Williams

25 Critical Thinking How can you avoid secondhand smoke?
Avoid places where smoking is permitted Don’t accept car rides from people who smoke while driving Ask smokers to go outdoors to smoke Increase indoor air circulation to dissipate smoke Support smokers who want to quit shutterstock.com/Thomas Lauridsen

26 Lesson 9.2 Why People Use Tobacco

27 Addiction Each day in the United States,
3,200 teenagers smoke their first cigarette 2,100 teenagers and young adults who were occasional smokers become daily smokers Yet 9 out of 10 teenagers do not smoke

28 Four Stages of Substance Abuse
1 Experimentation User uses a substance “just to try it” 2 Regular Use User develops habit of regularly using substance 3 Tolerance User’s body needs more and more of substance to achieve the same effects 4 Dependency and Addiction User relies on the substance to function or feel “normal” Habit interferes with personal responsibilities and relationships

29 Critical Thinking What is a physical versus a psychological dependence? Dependence is physical when the body needs a certain amount of a substance to function normally; psychological dependence causes people to believe they need a substance to feel “normal” shutterstock.com/studio online

30 Social Factors Parents’ attitudes Friends and peers
Teens who have friends who smoke are much more likely to smoke themselves shutterstock.com/Pavel L Photo and Video

31 Treating and Preventing Nicotine Addiction
Lesson 9.3 Treating and Preventing Nicotine Addiction

32 Benefits of Quitting Within days of quitting,
blood pressure and heart rate decrease coughing abates Within a year of quitting, risk of heart attack and cancer decrease shutterstock.com/Gang Liu

33 Treating Nicotine Addiction
Nicotine replacement Examples: Nicotine gum and nicotine patch Medication Drugs help smokers cope with withdrawal symptoms shutterstock.com/bikeriderlondon

34 Treating Nicotine Addiction
Self-Management Strategies Stimulus control, or avoiding tempting situations Response substitution, or substituting smoking with stress management, relaxation, and coping skills shutterstock.com/Oguz Dikbakan

35 Critical Thinking What resources can smokers use to quit?
Individual and group counseling School guidance counselors Doctors Telephone helplines Online resources shutterstock.com/Djomas

36 Prevention Close to 90% of adults who smoke regularly had their first cigarette by 18 years of age Prevention is the best way to reduce the smoking rate

37 Government-Based Strategies
Banning the sale of tobacco products (to people younger than 18 years of age, for example) Banning smoking in public places Increasing taxes on cigarettes Requiring warning labels on packaging Mass media antismoking campaigns

38 Disadvantages of Smoking
Many nonsmoking teens view smoking as “gross” 8 in 10 eighth graders surveyed said they prefer to date people who do not smoke thinkstock.com/iStock/Martin Novak

39 Smoking and Your Wallet
Pack of cigarettes costs between $5 and $14, depending on local tax rates Cost of a pack-a-day habit at $7 a pack: $213 per month $2,557 per year $25,570 per decade

40 Social Costs of Tobacco Use
One-half million adults will die prematurely from smoking this year Total economic costs due to tobacco are over $289 billion a year —2014 Surgeon General’s Report shutterstock.com/baur

41 Critical Thinking Research and Calculate per month per year per decade
Figure out the financial cost of a pack-a-day habit in your area: per month per year per decade shutterstock.com/Hurst Photo

42 Refusal Skills Make sure people know you don’t want to use tobacco or breathe secondhand smoke Firmly explain your reasons for not smoking and stick to your decision Imagine situations in which you are offered tobacco and practice your responses

43 Refusal Phrases “No, thanks...
I want to keep my lungs in peak condition for [insert sport or activity].” I don’t want my hair, clothes, and breath to smell like cigarettes.” I like my lungs. I don’t want to damage them.”

44 What other words can you use to turn down an offer of a tobacco product? What body language can you use to reinforce your words? shutterstock.com/milias1987

45 Literacy and Critical Thinking Skills
Tobacco companies make products, such as flavored cigars and cigarettes, that appeal to young people To counter this, think critically about tobacco products and messages from tobacco companies shutterstock.com/vidguten


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