2. Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development Pertemuan 6
Matakuliah : <<EKONOMI PEMBANGUNAN>>
Tahun : <<2009>>
Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development Pertemuan 6

3. It is in the agricultural sector that the bottle for long–term economic development will be won or lost
(Gunnar Myrdal, Nobel Laureate in Economics)
The main burden of development and employment creation will have to be borne by the part of the economy in which agriculture is the predominant activity, that is, the rural sector
(Francis Blanchard, Director General, ILO)
Bina Nusantara University

4. Material Outline
Transition from peasant subsistence to specialized commercial farming
Issues on environment and development
Urban development and the environment
Policy options in developing and developed countries
Bina Nusantara University

5. Transition from peasant subsistence to specialized Commercial Farming
Subsistence farming: risk aversion, uncertainty, and survival
Sharecropping and interlocking factor markets
The transition to mixed and diversified farming
From divergence to specialization : modern commercial farming
Bina Nusantara University

6. Bina Nusantara University

7. Bina Nusantara University

8. Toward a strategy of agricultural and rural development: some main requirements
Sources of small – scale Agricultural Progress
- Technological change and innovation
- Appropriate government economic policies
- Supportive social institutions
Conditions for general rural advancement :
- Modernizing farm structures to meet rising food demands
- Creating an effective supporting system
- Changing the rural environment to improve levels of living.
Bina Nusantara University

9. Improving Small – scale Agriculture
Technology and innovation
Institutional and pricing policies : providing the necessary economic incentives
Bina Nusantara University

10. Conditions for rural development
Land reform
Supportive policies
Integrated Development Objectives
Bina Nusantara University

11. Environment and Development: The basic issues
The concept of sustainable development, and linkage between the environment
Population, resources, and the environment
Poverty and the Environment
Economic growth versus the environment
Rural development and the environment
Urban development and the environment
The global environment
Bina Nusantara University

12. Urban Development and the Environment
The ecology of urban slums
Industrialization and urban air population
Problems of congestion and the availability of clean water and sanitation
Bina Nusantara University

13. Policy Options in Developing and Developed Countries
What less developed countries can do
1) Proper resources pricing
2) Community involvement
3) Clearer property rights and resource ownership
4) Programs to improve the economic alternatives of the poor
5) Raising the economic status of woman
6) Industrial emission abatement policies
Bina Nusantara University

14. Policy options in developing and developed countries
How developed countries can help LDCs
Trade policies/trade liberalization
Debt relief
Financial and technological assistance (development assistance)
Bina Nusantara University

15. Policy options in developing and developed countries
What developed countries can do for the global environment:
1) Emission controls (reduce harmful emissions)
2) Research and development (develop clean technologies for themselves and for LDCs
3) Import restrictions ( alter their own environmentally harmful patterns of demand)
Bina Nusantara University