1. When passive changes the order…
Agent or Receiver?
When passive changes the order…

2. Agent or Receiver? Agent: Receiver:
The person or thing that performs an action in a sentence
Subject in active sentences
John hit the ball.
Object in passive sentences
The ball was hit by John.
Receiver:
The person or thing that the action is done to.
Object in active sentences
John hit the ball.
Subject in passive sentences
The ball was hit by John.

3. Creating a Passive Sentence
Take an active sentence…
agent + verb + receiver
Reverse the Order of the agent/receiver
Change the verb to “be verb” + Past Participle
Add “by” before the agent
receiver + “be verb” + past participle + by + agent
EXAMPLE:
Sarah wrote the paper.
The paper was written by Sarah.
agent
receiver

4. Creating a Passive Sentence
Take an active sentence…
agent + verb + receiver
Reverse the Order of the agent/receiver
Change the verb to “get verb” + Past Participle
Add “by” before the agent
receiver + “get verb” + past participle + by + agent
EXAMPLE:
Sarah ate the sandwich.
The sandwich got eaten by Sarah.
agent
receiver

5. Examples of Passive/Active
The wind bent the branches of the tree.
The branches of the tree were bent by the wind.
The plate was shattered by the thief who was caught in the act of robbing the store.
Yesterday the boy gave flowers to the girl.
My cousin takes pictures often.
The pumpkin seeds were cooked by my friend.

6. Practice in Pairs…
With one other person write out three or four sentences.
Write BOTH active and passive sentences.
When you are done…
We will trade and you will label the agent/receiver and decide if the sentence is active/passive.

7. Agent?
In some passive sentences you do not need to include the “by” or the agent.
There are certain times when do need the agent and other times when you do not need the agent.
Try to figure out when you DO need the agent and when you can do NOT need the agent.

8. Homework
Find 5 sentences that are passive. Some will not include the agent. Write out the sentence and label the receiver and agent (if there is one)
Write two sentences that are passive (one with the agent and one without the agent).