1. B – The Cardiovascular System
The structure and function of arteries, capillaries and veins
The structure and function of the heart
Pathology of cardio vascular disease (CVD)
Blood glucose levels and obesity

2. KA 6: The structure and function of the heart
2.6 Key Topics
REVISION:
Structure of the heart
(D) Blood Pressure
(A)
Cardiac function and cardiac output
(B) Cardiac cycle
(C)
The structure and function of cardiac conducting system

3. KA6: Learning Outcomes Name the 4 chambers of the heart
Name the 4 valves in the heart
Describe the cause of heart sounds and how they can be heard
Name the 2 blood vessels which enter the heart and the 2 blood vessels which leave the heart
Identify the above structures in a diagram
Describe the flow of blood in a heart
State the difference in the type of blood of blood found in each side of the heart

4. Re-cap Task:
In pairs / groups, label as much of the heart as you can remember!

5. Structure of the Heart f f a a b b c c d d e e
Heart Animation
Structure of the Heart
Pulmonary Artery (to the lungs) f
Aorta (to the body) f
Vena Cava (from the body)
Pulmonary Vein (from the lungs) a a b
Right atrium b
Left atrium c
Atrio-ventricular (AV) valve
Atrio-ventricular (AV) valve c d d
Left Ventricle
Right ventricle
Semi-Lunar (SL) Valve e
Semi-Lunar (SL) Valve e

6. Thickness of Heart Muscle

7. 1 minute – think/pair/share
What do people use to listen to the heart?
What sound do you hear?
What makes this sound?
WHAT TO DO:
Wet some cotton wool with disinfectant and collect a stethoscope.
Use the disinfectant and cotton wool to clean the ear pieces.
Use the larger circle and find your heart
Place it in the centre
Move it slightly to the left
Move the larger circle slowly up/down until you hear the “lub-dub” – this is the sound of your HEART VALVES

8. Heart Valves Valves help to prevent the backflow of blood
AV valves prevent blood from flowing back into the atria. These valves force blood into the ventricles.
SL valves prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles. These valves force the blood to leave the heart.
The opening and closing of the AV and SL valves are responsible for the heart sounds heard with a stethoscope.
“Lub-Dub” sounds can be heard.
More on the heart valves later!

9. Heart Valves Artificial valves – mechanical
Biological valves – pig tissue

10. The treatment for faulty valves
Aortic valve replacement (6 mins)

11. The “Double Circulatory” System
1. Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs
2. The RBCs receive oxygen and oxygenated blood is pumped back to the heart
4. The oxygen leaves the blood and enters body cells through capillary beds. Carbon dioxide enters the blood and it then goes back to the heart
3. The oxygenated blood is then pumped to the rest of the body

12. The Double Circulatory System
Double Circulatory System Animation

13. Helpful Hints… Pulmonary –> Lungs Renal –> Kidney
Hepatic -> Liver

14. Associated Blood Vessels
Type of blood carried
Where this blood has come from
Where this blood is going
Pulmonary Vein
Aorta (________)
Vena Cava (________)
Pulmonary Artery

15. Over to you…
If you are missing any notes on the heart and associated blood vessels then take a Standard Grade textbook home and:
Read pages 157 – 161
Complete the Qs on pages 161 and 162

16. KA6: Learning Outcomes Name the 4 chambers of the heart
Name the 4 valves in the heart
Describe the cause of heart sounds and how they can be heard
Name the 2 blood vessels which enter the heart and the 2 blood vessels which leave the heart
Identify the above structures in a diagram
Describe the flow of blood in a heart
State the difference in the type of blood of blood found in each side of the heart