1. No Health Without Mental Health
Week 7, Lecture 1

2. Game Plan Announcements? Name that Tune Mental health Review questions
Take home messages

3. Mental Health Overview
Mental disorders contribute to the burden of disease worldwide
Neuropsychiatric conditions account for of all disability-adjusted life years
Unipolar & bipolar, substance-use and alcohol-use, schizophrenia, dimentia

4. Low Priority
Mental health is a low priority in most low-income and middle-income countries
Developing countries prioritize control and eradication of infectious diseases and reproductive, maternal, and child health
developing countries prioritize non-communicable diseases that cause early death (cancer & heart disease)

5. Contributions of mental disorders to disability and mortality
Mental disorders are important causes of long-term disability and dependency
5 major contributors:
unipolar depression… only sad
Alcohol-use disorder
Schizophrenia
Bipolar depression… 2 diff stages, (mania) happy & (depression) sad
Dementia… THAT SHIT CRAY… MIND DETERIORATES, cannot appreciate reality.
Depression predicts the onset and progression of both physical, social disability, and mortality

6. Mental Disorder Interact with Other Health Conditions
Medically unexplained somatic symptoms
Pain, fatigue, and dizziness, irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, chronic-fatigue syndrome, chronic pelvic pain, and sexual-discharge syndromes
Non-communicable diseases
Cardiovascular disease and cancer
Links between anxiety, depression, and coronary heart disease
Diabetes
Depression increases the risk of type 2 diabetes

7. Mental Disorder Interact with Other Health Conditions
Communicable diseases
HIV/AIDS
People with mental disorders are heightened risk for HIV/AIDS, typically related to high risk behavioral issues
Tuberculosis
Incidents of tuberculosis was high in patients with schizophrenia
Malaria
Associated with selflimiting psychiatric disorders, including depression, schizophrenia and manic syndromes, anxiety attacks, and confusional episodes

8. Reproductive & Sexual Health
Sexual and other forms of abuse, anxiety, depression, and use of substances and alcohol associated with reproductive health outcomes: dysmenorrhoea, dyspareunia, and non-cyclical
pelvic pain

9. Maternal and Child Health
Maternal psychosis affects infant growth and survival
Maternal schizophrenia is associated with pre-term delivery and low birth weight

10. Injuries Mental health is both a cause and a consequence of injury
Injury and mental health have many determinants in common, such as , conflict, violence, and alcohol use

11. Self-Injuries
Child abuse is a risk factor for psychiatric disorders and suicidal behaviour
Intimate partner violence is risk factor for depression, anxiety, and suicide
Sexual violence is risk factor for depression, substance abuse, and suicide

12. Clip Many have no acess to health care Suffer in silence
Mental health disorders receive no treatment
9/10 pple suffered from epilepsy go untreated
WHO – defines health as mental well being as well as complete well being
Gap needs to be closed through funding/partnerships

13. Change policy/practice
Care/counselling/medication millions can be treated for epilepsy, suicide, depression etc

14. Canadian Figures
Canadian Mental Health Association

15. Who is affected?
Mental illness indirectly affects all Canadians at some time through a family member, friend, or colleague.
20% of Canadians will personally experience a mental illness in their lifetime.
Mental illness affects people of all ages, educational and income levels, and cultures.
Approximately 8% of adults will experience major depression at some time in their lives.
About 1% of Canadians will experience bipolar disorder (or "manic depression").

16. How common is it? Schizophrenia affects 1% of the Canadian population.
Anxiety disorders affect 5% of the household population, causing mild to severe impairment.
Suicide accounts for 24% of all deaths among year olds and 16% among year olds.
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in both men and women from adolescence to middle age.
The mortality rate due to suicide among men is four times the rate among women.

17. What causes it?
Complex interplay of genetic, biological, personality and environmental factors causes mental illnesses.
Almost one half (49%) of those who feel they have suffered from depression or anxiety have never seen a
doctor about this problem.
Stigma or discrimination presents a serious barrier, not only to diagnosis and treatment but also to acceptance in the community.
Mental illnesses can be treated effectively.

18. Youth Statistics
It is estimated that 10-20% of Canadian youth are affected by a mental illness or disorder - the single most disabling group of disorders worldwide.
Today, approximately 5% of male youth and 12% of female youth, age 12 to 19, have experienced a major depressive episode.
The total number of year olds in Canada at risk for developing depression is a staggering 3.2 million.
Once depression is recognized, help can make a difference for 80% of people who are affected, allowing them to get back to their regular activities.
Canada's youth suicide rate is the third highest in the industrialized world.

19. Youth Stats Con’t
Suicide is among the leading causes of death in year old Canadians, second only to accidents; people die prematurely each year by suicide.
Schizophrenia is youth's greatest disabler as it strikes most often in the 16 to 30 year age group, affecting an estimated one person in 100.
Surpassed only by injuries, mental disorders in youth are ranked as the second highesthospital care expenditure in Canada.
In Canada, only 1 out of 5 children who need mental health services receives them.

20. What is the economic cost?
The economic cost of mental illnesses in Canada for the health care system was estimated to be at least $ billion in $4.7 billion in care, and $3.2 billion in disability and early death.
An additional $6.3 billion was spent on uninsured mental health services and time off work for depression and distress that was not treated by the health care system.
In 1999, 3.8% of all admissions in general hospitals (1.5 million hospital days) were due to anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, major depression, personality disorders, eating disorders and suicidal behaviour.

21. Suicide Warning Signs Be concerned when someone you know:
makes statements about wanting to die/end the pain
is depressed and/or withdrawn to die/end pain
takes unnecessary risks
gives away valuable possessions
shows a marked change in behavior, attitude or appearance
abuses alcohol and/or drugs
has experienced a significant loss, failure or life change

22. Is Path Warm I – Ideation (suicidal thoughts) S – Substance Abuse
P – Purposelessness
A – Anxiety
T – Trapped
H – Hopelessness/Helplessness
W – Withdrawal
A – Anger
R – Recklessness
M – Mood changes

23. Help them by: listening with concern reserving judgment
exploring and supporting their feelings
asking if they have suicidal thoughts
encouraging them to reach out for help
Spending time with them

24. Resources 911 Student Counselling: 613 562-5200
Crisis Line:
Student Health:

25. Mid-Term Questions? 50 marks 20 mc – pencil 7 def, choose 5
Full sentences
SUB SARAHAN AFRICA THAT SHIT CRAY
20 SHORT ANSWER
Only write within space provided.

26. Take Home Messages Take care of yourselves and each other!
Exam: Friday!