1. Instruments and their techniques
Lots of composers use instruments to play in various different ways.
We have already looked at blowing, bowing, and striking.
We will now look at two concepts:
Arco
Double Stopping

2. Arco + Double stopping
Arco is simply the Italian term for playing a stringed instrument using the bow.
Double stopping is when the stringed player plays two strings at the same time
We can see these in this example of a violin concerto.
This is Beethoven's Violin Concerto in the key of D major

3. Definitions
Arco – Instruction given to string players to use a bow. This term might be given to players after a passage using pizzicato.
Double stopping – This technique is achieved on bowed string instruments by bowing across more than one string at the same time, thus producing more than one note.

4. The Piano comes in several different sizes. There is…
Piano music
In the classical period the Pianoforte (or piano) became a popular keyboard instrument.
The Piano comes in several different sizes. There is…

5. The Grand piano The largest

6. The Baby Grand piano The Medium sized

7. The upright piano The smallest sized

8. The Grand piano
Look what happens when a £45,000 grand piano falls off back of a lorry

9. Here’s what happened

10. Alberti Bass
Alberti bass – Broken chords played by the left hand outlining harmonies whilst the right hand plays the melody. Classical composers such as Haydn and Mozart used this technique extensively in their piano music