1. How did language help humans to migrate?
You will need… -Entry Task -A pencil You will get… -”What Difference Does Language Make” article
Entry Task
Objective
Lets review…..
How did language help humans to migrate?
SWBAT to find central idea BY writing an IVFT sentence and completing a fact outline.

2. Academic Expectations Behavior Expectations
Follow along as we read together.
Annotate the text
-CIRCLE words you do not know.
-UNDERLINE important facts.
-Put an “!” next to things that surprise you.
Volume: 0=Follow along silently.
Movement: NONE
Participation: EVERYONE will do their work and complete an IVFT and fact outline

3. EXAMPLE

4. When did we appear?
Big Era Two is the first era in which there were human beings, people like you and me (ME?)
(Remember, they appeared at the end of Big Era One!) So, what IS so special about humans?

5. Academic Expectations Behavior Expectations
Take notes on topic sentence, star main ideas, and details.
Think critically about what factors allowed humans to migrate 
Volume: 0-1 (Quiet during teacher talk, 1 during pair share)
Movement: NONE
Participation: Every student will take notes!

6. How, when, and where did we become human?
Meet one of our close ancestors, Homo erectus.
Homo erectus was one of the hominid groups that was developing increasingly large brains in both Africa and Asia between about 500,000 and 200,000 years ago.
This is a reconstructed Homo erectus skull, found in northern China. It dates to some time after 1.6 million years ago.
250k yrs ago
Today
Big Eras 3-9
10k
Brain Development
500k – 200k yrs ago
Big Era 1
Big Era 2
Photo
Franz Weidenreich Reconstruction of Homo Erectus
The Smithsonian Institution
Human Origins Program
1.8 mil. yrs ago
27k
Homo erectus

7. Homo erectus was a traveler!
Homo erectus began migrating to southerly parts of Eurasia sometime after about 1.8 million years ago.
200k yrs ago
Today
Big Eras 3-9
10k
1.8 mil. yrs ago
27k
Big Era 1
Big Era 2
Homo erectus

8. T: Homo sapiens Migration They migrated just like homoerectus.
Migrated further than Neanderthals and homerectus
This is a reconstructed Homo sapiens skull, found in Israel. It has been dated to about 90,000 years ago.
Photo
Skhul V
The Smithsonian Institution
Human Origins Program
Big Eras 3-9
Big Era 1
200k yrs ago
Human Origins: Homo sapiens in Africa
200k yrs ago
Human Origins: Homo sapiens in Africa
100k yrs ago
S.W. Asia
Big Era 2
10k years
ago
Today

9. Homo sapiens traveled even further than Homo erectus
Homo sapiens traveled even further than Homo erectus. From their African homeland, Homo sapiens groups migrated to…
…Where?
See the Map!

10. Migrations of Homo sapiens
Siberia
40,000 years ago
Europe
40,000 years ago
North America
12,000-30,000
years ago
Southwest Asia
100,000 years ago
Oceania
1600 B.C.E.-500 C.E.
Human Origins
200, ,000
years ago
Australia
as many as 60,000
years ago
Chile
12, ,000
years ago
Possible coastal routes of human migration
Possible landward routes of human migration
Migrations in Oceania

11. That’s amazing!
Why were modern humans able to move into so many different environments?
After all, no other large animals had spread so widely! So what was so special about us?
200k yrs ago
Human Origins
100k yrs ago
S.W. Asia
100k yrs ago
S.W. Asia
60k yrs ago
Australia
60k yrs ago
Australia
40k yrs ago
Europe & Siberia
40k yrs ago
Europe & Siberia
13k yrs ago
Americas
Today
Big Eras 3-9
10k years ago
Big Era 2
Big Era 1

12. Language Homo sapiens had language They exchanged complex ideas.
They found new ways of doing things
New
Ideas
Learning
Language
Shared
Ideas

13. Collective Learning Built knowledge and skills
Called collective learing
Only animal able to do this.

14. Storing up and building on new skills and new knowledge is what set our species on the path of continuing cultural changes that led to the world we now live in.
Towers, Kuwait City, Today
Great Zimbabwe, Southern Africa, CE
Monte Alban, Oaxaca, Mexico, 200 BCE
Photos by Ross E.. Dunn

15. Acceleration of human culture
From about 40,000 years ago, archaeological evidence shows faster and faster cultural change.
The engraved horse panel in the Cave of Chauvet-Pont-D’Arc in southern France. The image is about 31,000 years old.
Humans began to create art.
Also, they made more specialized tools.
They began to develop semi-permanent structures.
Venus of the Kostenki I site in Russia dated to about 23,000 years ago. This stone female head is wearing headgear of woven basketry.
Horse panel photo (
Headgear photo
New York Times, Dec. 14, Photo: Bill Wiegand, University of Illinois.)

16. T: Neanderthals
Disappearance
By 100,000 years ago Neanderthals were living from Spain to Inner Eurasia.
They had a long record of living successfully but they somehow disappeared about 28,000 years ago.

17. Did Homo sapiens meet Neandertals?
Approximate geographical range of Neandertals, 100,000-28,000 years ago
Approximate geographical range of Homo sapiens by 28,000 years ago

18. So what do you think is so special about Homo sapiens?
What does it mean to be human?
Why does human history matter?
Stay tuned for Big Era Three!