Keys to 2401 Models Photographs and keys prepared by Jeff Beck

Keys to 2401 Models Photographs and keys prepared by Jeff Beck
Department of Math and Natural Science Collin County Community College

Nucleus Nuclear membrane Chromatin Nucleoli Rough endoplasmic reticulum Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi apparatus Centrioles Cytosol Plasma membrane

Cell membrane Pinocytotic vesicle Cytosol Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi body (section) Golgi body (surface) Centrosome Lysosome Mitochondria Vacuole Nucleus Nucleolus Nuclear membrane

Model 1 – Prophase Model 5 - Anaphase
K = Nucleus ZF = Achromatic fibers Z1 & Z2 = Daughter chromosomes Ch = Daughter chromosomes PS = Aster rays Z1 & Z2 = Spindle N = Nucleolus C = Cytoplasma Model 6 - Anaphase E = Plasma body Model 2 – Prophase ZS = Achromatic spindle Model 7 - Anaphase Model 3 – Prophase ChT = Daughter plates ZF = Achromatic fibers E = Plasma body Ch = Chromosomes Model 8 - Telophase Model 4 – Metaphase Ch = Chromosomes Ch = Chromosomes K = Nuclear membrane

13a. Early metaphase 14. Secondary spermatocyte 14a. Spermatocyte division 15. Spermatids 16. Spermatozoa 17. Primary Oocyte 17a. Metaphase 18. Secondary Oocyte 19. First polar body 20. Ootid 21. Polar bodies 22. Ovum 23. Diploid cell Cell membrane Cytosol Nucleus Nucleolus Centrioles Aster Chromatin threads Spindle Spindle fibril Chromosome Chromatid Centromere Primary spermatocyte

CELL STRUCTURE Cell membrane Cytosol Nucleus Nuclear membrane Nucleolus Centrioles Aster Chromatin Spindle Spindle fibril Chromosome Chromatid Centromere CELL DIVISION Early Prophase Middle Prophase Late Prophase Metaphase Early Anaphase Late Anaphase Telophase Interphase

Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous layer Horny layer of epidermis Hair shaft Stratum disjunctum Stratum conjunctum Clear layer of the epidermis Granular layer of the epidermis Spinous layer of the epidermis Basal layer of the epidermis Basement membrane Subpapillary venous plexus Papillary layer of the dermis Subpapillary arterial network Reticular layer of the dermis Sudoriferous duct Venous plexus of cornium Arterial network of cornium Root of hair Arrector muscle of hair 18. Lymph vessel 19. Arteriole 20. Nerve 21. Venula 22. Krause corpuscle 23. Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscle 24. Brushes of Ruffini 25. Pacinian corpuscle 26. Papillary artery 27. Papillary vein 28. Cortex of hair 29. Medulla of hair 30. Sweat gland 31. Outer epithelial sheath 32. Henle layer 33. Huxley layer 34. Hair cuticle 35. Root of hair 36. Sebaceous gland 37. Body of apocrine sudoriferous gland 38. Papillary nerve 39. Hair nerve 40. Fascia 41. Muscle 42. Adipose cell 43. Arrector muscle of hair 44. Meissner’s tactile corpuscle 45. Sweat pore 46. Melanocyte 47. Duct of apocrine sudoriferous gland 48. Merkel corpuscles

Section of the Scalp Section of the sole of the foot Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous Meissner’s tactile corpuscle Horny layer of epidermis Clear layer of epidermis Granular layer of epidermis Spinous layer of epidermis Basale layer of epidermis Stratum germinativum Papillary layer of dermis Sudoriferous duct Reticular layer of dermis Sweat gland Pacinian corpuscle Adipose cell Outer root sheath Inner root sheath Hair cuticle Hair bulb Medulla of hair Cortex of hair Arrector muscle of hair 21. Root of hair 22. Sebaceous gland 23. Hair shaft 24. Sweat pore

Stratum Corneum 19. Artery-blood supply to hair
Stratum Lucidum Hair arrector muscle Stratum Granulosum sweat gland Stratum Mucosum Glomerulus of sweat gland Stratum Germinativum Longitudinal section of sweat gland Corium layer Longitudinal section of glomerulus of sweat gland Fatty layer Vascular papilla of corneum Hair shaft Vein-blood supply from corneum Longitudinal section of hair root Artery-blood supply from corneum Sebaceous oil gland Meissner’s Corpuscle Longitudinal section of oil gland Free nerve endings Hair bulb Tactile disks Longitudinal section of hair root Corpuscle of Ruffini External root sheath Bulb of Krause Internal root sheath Pacinian Corpuscle Zone of growth and differentiation Epidermis Papilla of hair Dermis Vein-Blood supply from hair

Skin of scalp Skin of armpit Skin of sole of foot Epidermis Hair shaft Corium (Dermis) Hair root Subcutaneous layer Hair papilla Stratum corneum Sebaceous glands 1a Stratum lucidum Arrector pilorum muscles Stratum germinativum Sweat gland of the armpit 2a Stratum granulosum a. Smooth muscle cells 2b Stratum spinosum b. Hyaline top 2c Stratum basale c. Pushed out cell body Papillae Touch corpuscles Adipose tissue Lamellated corpuscles Sweat glands Hairs 8a Medullary substance 8b Cortical substance 8c Cuticle of hair 8d Inner root sheath 8e Outer root sheath 8f Hyaloid membrane 8g Fibrous layer Hair cross section

Nucleus Nucleolus Cytoplasm Lysosome Vesicles of Golgi and ER Golgi apparatus Mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum Nerve fibers Axon hillock Axon Dendrite Schwann cell cytoplasm Node of Ranvier Cytoplasm o0f axon (axoplasm) Axolemma Schwann cell nucleus Schmidt-Lantermann cleft Myelin sheath

Perikaryon of the nerve cell with dendrites
Peripheral nerve with sheaths Neurite cone Nucleus of nerve cell with nucleolus Endoplasmic reticulum Neurofibrils Synaptic terminals Neuraxon Schwann cells with nucleus Schwann sheath Linked Schwann cells at node of Ranvier Mitochondria Medullary (myelin) sheath Perineural sheath of connective tissue Mesaxon Dendrites Lysosomes Neurotubules Golgi apparatus

Perikaryon of the nerve cell with dendrites 16. Neurotubules
Peripheral nerve with sheaths Golgi apparatus Axon hillock Nucleus of nerve cell with nucleolus Endoplasmic reticulum Neurofibrils Synaptic terminals Neuraxon Schwann cell with nucleus Schwann sheath Linked Schwann cells at node of Ranvier Mitochondria Medullary (myelin ) sheath Endoneurium Mesaxon Dendrites Lysosomes

Presynapse Presynaptic membrane Neuroplasma Endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondrium Neurotubule Neurofilament Presynaptic grid Vesicle Vesicle with neurotransmitter Transmitter release Transmitter gap products Endocytic material absorption Pores for endocytic material absorption Synaptic gap Postsynapse Subsynaptic membrane 18. Postsynaptic membrane 19. Transmitter receptor molecule reaction

Left cerebral hemisphere 22. Eyeball 43. Skin section
Right cerebral hemisphere Tongue sensory nerve endings Cerebral cortex Lingual nerve Axon of sensory nerve Cerebrum First cervical nerve Sensory nerve cell Corpus callosum second cervical nerve Synapse Fornix Frontal lobe Dendritic nerve endings Third ventricle Parietal lobe A. Olfactory nerve Thalamus Temporal lobe B. Optic nerve Massa intermedia Occipital lobe C. Oculomotor nerve Pineal body Sensory cortex D. Trochlear nerve Sinus rectus Motor cortex E. Trigeminal nerve Pituitary gland Auditory cortex E-1 Ophthalmic branch Midbrain Visual cortex E-2 Maxillary branch Pons Broca’s area E-3 Mandibular branch Medulla oblongata Cerebrum F. Abducens nerve Fourth ventricle Brachial pexus G. Facial nerve Cerebellum Peripheral nerves to arms H. Acoustic nerve Olive Nerves to thorax I. Glossopharyngeal nerve Spinal cord Sacral plexus J. Vagus nerve Arachnoid sheath Peripheral nerves to legs K. Spinal accessory nerve Dura mater Needle point stimulus L. Hypoglossal nerve

FIFTH CERVICAL VERTEBRAE WITH SPINAL CORD AND ORIGIN OF NERVES
Body of vertebrae Spinal ganglion Anterior column Transverse process Anterior ramus of nerve Lateral column Vertebral arch Posterior ramus of nerve Posterior column Spinous process Sympathetic trunk Yellow ligament Ramus communicans between Posterior longitudinal ligament sympathetic nerve and spinal cord Vertebral artery Pia mater Vertebral vein Anterior median fissure Dura mater Anterior lateral sulcus Epidural cavity Posterior lateral sulcus Subdural cavity Posterior median fissure Arachnoid Posterior glial septum Subarachnoid cavity Anterior funicle Internal vertebral venous plexous Lateral funicle Denticulate ligament Posterior funicle Subarachnoid septum White substance Ventral root of cervical nerve Gray substance Dorsal root of cervical nerve Central canal

THE ORIGINS OF THE NERVES IN THE SPINAL CORD
Spinal cord section B. Spinal cord with nerves Gray substance Gray substance Anterior column Radicular filaments Lateral column Gray commissure Gray commissure Central canal Anterior radicular filaments White substance Posterior radicular filaments Anterior column White substance Lateral column Anterior median fissure Anterior median fissure Posterior median fissure Posterior median sulcus 10a. Anterior lateral sulcus Ganglion 10b. Posterior lateral sulcus Anterior funicle 23. Lateral funicle

Dorsal Column, White Matter 16. Anterior Spinal Artery
Lateral Column, White Matter 17. Sulcal Artery Ventral Column, White Matter 18. Anterior Spinal vein Anterior White Commissure 19. Dorsal Radicular Filaments Dorsal Gray Horn, Gray Matter 20. Left Posterolateral Spinal Vein Lateral Gray Horn, Gray Matter 21. Left Posterior Spinal Artery Ventral gray Horn, Gray matter 22. Posterior Spinal Vein Gray Commissure Dorsal Root Central Canal Spinal Ganglion Dorsal Median Sulcus 25. Ventral Root Dorsal Intermediate Sulcus 26. Mixed Spinal Nerve Dorsal Lateral Sulcus 27. Dorsal Ramus of Spinal Nerve Ventral Lateral Sulcus 28. Ventral Ramus of Spinal Nerve Ventral Median Fissure 29. Gray Ramus Communicantes Ventral Radicular Filaments 30. White Ramus Communicantes

Spinous process Vertebral arch Superior zygapophysis Transverse process with carotid tubercule Transverse foramen Vertebral body Dura mater Arachnoid membrane with cavum leptomenigicum Vertebral artery Dorsal columns Posterior horn Anterior horn Central canal of the spinal cord Median fissure Posterior root Anterior root Spinal ganglion Spinal nerve Posterior branch of the spinal nerve Anterior branch of the spinal nerve White ramus communicans

3a. Temporal lobe of telencephalon 4. Cerebellum 5. Bridge
CEREBRUM Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe 3a. Temporal lobe of telencephalon 4. Cerebellum 5. Bridge 6. Spinal bulb 7. Myel SPINAL NERVES 8. Cervical nerve 9. Thoracic nerve 10. Lumbar nerve 11. Sacral nerve 12. Terminal cone 13. Cauda equina 14. Urocyst 15. Sympathetic trunk of neck 16. Sympathetic trunk of thorax 17. Sympathetic trunk pars lumbar 18. Sympathetic trunk pars sacrum NERVES OF THE PECTORAL LIMBS 19. Cervicali nerves 20. Axillary nerve 21. Musculocutaneous nerve 22. Radial nerve 23. Median nerve 24. Ulnar nerve 25. Superior branch of radial nerve 26. Branch of median nerve 27. Branch of ulnar nerve 28. Dorsal branch of ulnar nerve 29. Cutaneous dorsal nerve of radius 30. External nerves of finger 31. Palm nerves of the hand NERVES OF THE PELVIC LIMBS 32. Ilioinguinal nerve 33. Nerve cutaneus femoris lateralis 34. Femoral nerve 35. Sciatic nerve 36. Obturator nerve 37. Common peroneal nerve 38. Tibial nerve 39. Saphenous nerve 40. Infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve 41. Nerve fibularis profunus 42. Nerve fibularis superficialis 43. Nerve cutaneous dorsal 44. Dorsal nerve of toe 45. Branch of muscle of sciatic nerve 46. Tibial nerve 47. Sural nerve 48. Nerve cutaneous dorsal of forearm 49. Nerve cutaneous lateral of forearm 50. Nerve cutaneous medial of forearm

BRAIN End brain Interbrain Midbrain Afterbrain Marrowbrain I, II, III Cerebrum Superior longitudinal sinus Tentorium cerebelli Little brain a. arbor vitae cerebelli Trabs cerebri a. rostrum corporis callosi b. genu corporis callosi Septum pellucidum Fornix Anterior commissure Middle commissure Posterior commissure Thalamus Foramen of Monro Aqueduct of the cerebrum Ventriculus quartus Corpus pineale Chiasma opticum Hypophysis Corpus mamillare Quadrigeminal plate Upper velum palati Bridge Lengthening of spinal marrow Spinal marrow

CEREBRUM Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital lobe Temporal lobe Central sulcus Precentral gyrus Postcentral gyrus Olfactory bulb Anterior commissure Corpus callosum Genu Trunk Splenium Rostrum 11. Septum pellucidum 12. Fornix 13. Posterior commissure 14. Insula 15. Internal capsule 16. Lateral ventricle e. Frontal (anterior) horn f. Central part 17. Choroid plexus g. Posterior horn h. Inferior horn 18. Hippocampus DIENCEPHALON 19. Thalamus 20. Hypothalamic sulcus 39. Pyramid 40. First cervical nerve CRANIAL NERVE Olfactory nerve Optic nerve Oculomotor nerve Trochlear nerve Trigeminal nerve Abducens nerve Facial nerve Vestibulocochlear nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve Accessory nerve Hypoglossal nerve 21. Hypothalamus 22. Interthalamic adhesion 23. Pineal body 24. Left mamillary body 25. Pituiatry gland 26. Choroid plexus of third ventricle 27. Caudate nucleus 28. Pulvinar 29. Medial geniculate body 30. Lateral geniculate body 31. Quadrigeminal lamina 32. Tegmentum 33. Cerebral peduncle 34. Cerebral aquaduct CEREBELLUM 35. Cerebellum Vermis Tonsil Flocculus Arbor vitae Fourth ventricle 36. Pons f. Superior cerebellar peduncle g. Middle cerebellar peduncle h. Inferior cerebellar peduncle BRAIN STEM 37. Medulla oblongata 38. Olive

The Human Brain TELENCEPHALON Frontal lobe 17. Choroid plexus 36. Pons
Parietal lobe 18. Hippocampus 37. Medulla oblongata Occipital lobe Diencephalon 38. Olive Temporal lobe 19. Thalamus 39. Pyramid Central sulcus 20. Hypothalamic sulcus 40. first cervical nerve Precentral gyrus 21. Hypothalamus Cervical Nerves Postcentral gyrus 22. Interthalamic adhesion I. Olfactory Olfactory bulb 23. Pineal body II. Optic Anterior commissure Left mamillary body III. Oculomotor Corpus callosum 25. Pituitary gland IV. Trochlear a. Genu Choroid plexus V. Trigeminal b. Trunk Caudate nucleus VI. Abducens c. Splenium 28. Pulvinar VII. Facial d. Rostrum 29. Medial geniculate body VIII. Vestibulocochlear 11. Septum pellucidum 30. Lateral geniculate body IX. Glossopharyngeal 12. Fornix Quadrigeminal lamina X. Vagus 13. Posterior commissure 32. Tegmentum XI. Accessory 14. Insula Cerebral peduncle XII. Hypoglossal 15. Internal capsule 34. Cerebral aquaduct Circle of Willis 16. Lateral ventricle 35. Cerebellum

38. Thalamus 39. Optic chiasma 40. Crus cerebri 41. Optic tract 42. Pulvinar of thalamus 43. Oculomotor nerve 44. Mamillary body 45. Trigeminal nerve 46. Abducens nerve 47. Vestibulochoclear nerve Facial nerve 48. Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve 49. Olives 50. Pons 51. Pyramids 52. Hypoglossal nerve 53. Pineal gland 54. Quadrigeminal lamina 55. Trochlear nerve 56. Rhomboid fossa 57. Tubercule of nucleus gracilis 58. Tubercule of nucleus cuneatus Left cerebral hemisphere Right cerebral hemisphere Callous corpus Medial and lateral longitudinal stria of corpus callosum Lateral ventricle 6a. Anterior horn of lateral ventricle 6b. Inferior horn of lateral venricle Posterior horn of lateral ventricle Third ventricle Cerebral aqueduct Fourth ventricle Bodu of the fornix Choroid plexus Temporal lobe Occipital lobe Pes hippocampi Dentate gyrus Fimbria of hippocampus 19. Gyrus parahippocampalis 20. Frontal gyrus 21. Olfactory bulb 22. Olfactory tract 23. Cerebellar hemisphere 24. Cerebellar peduncles 25. Flocculus 26. Cerebellar tonsil 27. Vermis of the cerebellum 28. Left island of Reil (insula) 29. Caudate nucleus 30. Putamen 31. Openings for projection tracts 32. Fibre bundle of internal capsule 33. Pallidum 34. Right island of Reil 35. Lentiform nucleus 36. Internal capsule 37. Striate body

Scalp Cranium Superior sagittal sinus Pachymeninx Falx cerebri Frontal lobes of the cerebrum Middle meningeal artery Cortex, grey matter Cerebral vessels Temporal lobe Occipital lobe Leptomeninx Subarachnoid space Occipital vessel and greater occipital nerve

Scalp Skull bone Superior sagittal sinus Pachymeninx Falx cerebri Frontal lobes of the cerebrum Middle meningeal artery Cortex, grey matter Cerebral vessels Temporal lobe Occipital lobe Leptomeninx Subarachnoid space Occipital vessel and greater occipital nerve

Cranium Superior sagittal sinus Falx cerebri Pachymeninx Frontal lobes of the cerebrum Anterior cerebral artery Corpus callosum, head of the caudate nucleus Anterior horn of the lateral ventricle Nucleus caudatus Septum pellucidum Lateral ventricle Choroid plexus Posterior horn of the lateral ventricle Inferior sagittal sinus Meningeal artery Occipital lobe Scalp

Frontal sinus Superior sagittal sinus Falx cerebri Pachymeninx Frontal lobes of the sinus Anterior cerebral artery Corpus callosum Anterior horn of the lateral ventricle Nucleus caudatus Septum pellucidum, Columns of fornix Lateral ventricle Inferior sagittal sinus Meningeal artery Occipital lobe Internal capsule Insula Putamen Extreme capsule Globus pallidus External capsule Claustrum Thalamus Posterior crus of fornix Choroid plexus

Frontal sinus Superior sagittal sinus Falx cerebri Pachymeninx Frontal lobes of the cerebrum Anterior cerebral artery Head of nucleus caudatus Insula Anterior commissure Claustrum Putamen Thalamus Tail of nucleus caudatus Posterior horn of the lateral ventricle Optic radiation Occipital lobe Internal capsule Globus pallidus External capsule Column of fornix Third ventricle Pineal body Posterior crus of fornix Choroid plexus Corpus callosum Straight sinus Occipital bone

Frontal sinus Eyeball Eye socket Superior rectus Zygomatic bone Anterior cerebral artery Middle cerebral artery Optic chiasma Pituitary gland Amygdaloid nucleus complex Red nucleus Aquaduct of the midbrain Tentorium cerebelli Straight sinus Branch of the middle meningeal artery Superior sagittal sinus Optic nerve Mamillary body Cerebral peduncle Midbrain Posterior horn of the lateral ventricle Vermis of the cerebellum Occipital lobe Pachymeninx Occipital bone

Cornea Lens Eyeball, Sclera Medial rectus muscle Optic nerve Lateral rectus muscle Temporalis Internal carotid artery Pituitary gland Sinus cavernosus Basilar artery Midbrain Aqueduct of the midbrain Straight sinus Falx cerebri Superior sagittal sinus Nasal septum Ethmoidal air cells Sphenoid sinus Temporal bone Third cranial nerve Outer ear Cerebellar hemisphere Vermis of the cerebellum Occipital bone

Cartilages of the nose Nasal cavities Base of the orbit Nasal septum Ethmoidal cells Sphenoid Temporal lobe Cochlea Auditory ossicles Vestibulocochlear nerve Facial nerve Temporal bone Posterior semicircular canal Sigmoid sinus Occipital sinus Internal carotid artery Maxillary nerve Venous plexus Basilar artery Bridge Middle ear Mastoid cells Fourth ventricle Vermis of the cerebellum Cerebellar hemisphere Occipital bone

Cartilages of the nose Nasal cavity Base of the orbit Maxillary sinus Masseter Mandible Medial pterygoid Lateral pterygoid Articular disk Condyle of the mandible Cochlea Tympanic membrane External auditory canal Mastoid air cells Sigmoid sinus Cerebellar hemisphere Occipital sinus Sphenoid Third trigeminal nerve Middle meningeal artery Internal carotid artery Middle ear Basilar artery Medulla oblongata Vermis of the cerebellum Trapezius muscle

Cartilaginous nasal septum
Nasal cavity Maxillary sinus Bony nasal septum Medial pterygoid Masseter Mandible Lateral pterygoid Neck of the mandible Internal carotid artery Sigmoid sinus with crossing to inner jugular vein Mastoid air cells Cerebellum Zygomatic bone Basal segment of the occipital bone Upper bulbus of the jugular vein Medulla oblongata Pachymeninx Squamous part of occipital bone

EYELID Superior muscle of eyelid Superior tarsus palpebrarum Inferior tarsus palpebrarum Ligamentum palpebrale mediale Ligamentum palpebrale laterale Conjunctival fold Palpebral conjunctiva Tarsoconjunctival glands LACRIMAL APPARATUS Lacrimal gland Orbital process Palpebral process Ductules of the lacrimal gland Lacrimal sac Lacrimal lake Superior lacrimal duct Inferior lacrimal duct Lacrimal caroncule Lacrimal tubercule, superior lacrimal point EYE MUSCLES Superior rectus Inferior rectus Medial rectus Lateral rectus Tendon of superior oblique Inferior oblique SCLEROCORNEA Cornea Sclera UVEA Iris with pupil Ciliary muscle Corona ciliaris Choroid membrane Ciliary nerves Vorticosa vein Ciliary arteries TUNICA INTERNA BULBI Retina Pars ciliaris retinae 11. Retinal arterioles 12. Retinal venoles 13. Fovea centralis 14. Blind spot 15. Lens 16. Vitreous body

EYE MUSCLES 13. Fovea centralis
Superior rectus Optic nerve disc II. Inferior rectus Lens Medial rectus Vitreous body Lateral rectus Tendon of superior oblique Inferior oblique EYE, EXTERNAL LAYER Cornea Sclera EYE, CHOROID VASCULAR COAT 3. Iris 4. Ciliary muscle 5. Ciliary zone 6. Choroid coat 7. Ciliary nerve 8. Vorticose veins 8a. Ciliary artery EYE, RETINAL LAYER 9. Retina 10. Ciliary part of retina 11. Retinal arteries 12. Retinal veins

A. Ocular Fundus of the right eye 23. Iris
1. Optic disk with retinal vessels 24. Tarsus of the upper lid 2. Macula lutea , fovea centralis 25. Cornea B. Anatomy of the retina 26. Lens 3. Nerve fiber layer 27. Ora serrata, pars plana corporis ciliaris 4. Ganglionic layer of the optic nerve 28. Suspensory ligament 5. Internal reticular layer 29. Ciliary body 6. Internal nuclear layer 30. Inferior oblique 7. External reticular layer D. Layers of the eye 8. External nuclear layer 31. Choroid with vessels 9. Layer of rods and cones 32. Sclera, Limbus corneae 10. Pigmented layer of retina 33. Pigmented epithelium of the retina 11. Choroid Cornea 12. Sclera Retina C. Sagittal section of the eye 36. Sclera 13. Levator muscle Inferior oblique 14. Superior rectus Superior rectus 15. Optic nerve Long posterior ciliary nerve 16. Choroid Short posterior ciliary nerves 17. Retina with retinal vessels 41. Optic nerve 18. Sclera Medila rectus 19. Inferior rectus Inferior vorticose vein after perforation of the sclera 20. Orbicularis oculi 44. Inferior rectus muscle 21. Fornix conjunctivae 22. Conjunctiva palpebralis

External Ear C. Inner Ear
Flad of the ear Vestibule Meatus acusticus externus Oval window Tympanic membrane Fenestra cochlea Annulus fibrocartilagineus Lateral semicircular canal membranae tympani a. Ampulla ossea lateralis B. Middle Ear Anterior semicircular canal 5. Tympanic cavity b. Ampulla ossea anterior 6. Musculus tensor tympani Posterior semicircular canal 7. Eustachian tube c. ampulla ossea posterior 8. Hammer Cochlea Head of the malleus Vestibulocochlear nerve Manubrium mallei Internal carotid artery Anterior process of the malleus Musculus tensor veli palatini 9. Anvil Short crus Long crus 10. Lentiform nodule 11. Stirrup Head of the stapes Crus of the stapes Base of the stapes

Pinna (1) Basilar membrane (37)
Auditory meatus (2) Organ of Corti (37) Eustachian tube (3) Scala tympani (38) Temporal bone (5) Middle Ear (12) Tympanum (13) Malleus (14) Incus (15) Stapes (16) Semicircular canals (17, 18, 19) Ampullae (20, 21, 22) Vestibule (23) Utricle (24) Saccule (25) Superior scarpa ganglion (28) Vestibular nerve (29) Cochlear nerve (30) Oval window (32) Round window (33) Cochlea (34) Scala vestibuli (36)

Cochlea 26. Cochlear arteries
Scala vestibuli Tympanic lip of Scala tympani the limbus Vestibular wall of the cochlear duct Osseous spiral lamina Secondary spiral lamina Epithelium of the internal spiral sulcus Internal hair cells External hair cells Internal pillar cells External pillar cells Tunnel of Corti Deiters’ supporting cells Cells of Hensen Claudius’ cells Nuel’s space Vestibular lip of the limbus Tectorial membrane Cochlear duct Spiral ligament of the cochlea Prominent vessel Modiolus Laterla wall of the cochlea Spiral ganglion Cochlear nerve

Capillaries Lymphatic spaces Nerve Haversian lamellae Interstitial or Interhaversian lamellae Nucleus Cell body Canaliculi Lacunae – some lacunae may contain osteocytes.

Frontal bone Parietal bone 2a. Interparietal bone Occipital bone Temporal bone Mastoid process Zygomatic process Articular tubercle Mandibular fossa Styloid process Greater wing of Sphenoid bone Zygomatic bone Nasale bone Maxillary body Lacrimal bone Ethmoid bone Vomer Palatine bone Sphenoid bone Occipital condyle Mandible Coronoid process Condylar process Coronal suture Sagittal suture Lambdoid suture 25a. Transverse occipital suture Occipitomastoid suture Parietomastoid suture Squamosal suture Sphenosquamosal suture Zygomatico-temporal suture 31. Zygomatico-frontal suture 32. Zygomatico-maxillary suture 33. Frontonasal suture 33a. Internasal suture 34. Frontomaxillary suture 34a. Nasomaxillary suture 34b. Lacrimomaxillary suture Sphenosygomatic suture Intermaxillary suture Median palatine suture Transverse palatine suture Optical canal Lacrimal fossa Infraorbital foramen Acoustic meatus Mastoid foramen Foramen ovale Foramen spinosum Foramen lacerum Carotid canal Jugular foramen Stylomastoid foramen Incisive foramen Greater palatine foramen Mental foramen 54. Anterior cranial fossa 55. Medial cranial fossa 56. Posterior cranial fossa 57. Crista frontalis 58. Crista galli 59. Cribriform plate 60. Jugum sphenoidale 61. Anterior clinoid process 62. Greater wing of sphenoid bone 63. Sella turcica 65. Internal occipital protuberance 66. Foramen rotundum 67. Internal acoustic opening 68. Hypoglossal canal

1. Frontal bone (Os frontale)
2. Temporal bone ( Os temporale) 3. Sphenoid bone (Os sphenoidale) 4. Occipital bone (Os occipitale) 5. Parietal bone (Os parietale) 6. Ethmoid bone (Os ethmoidale) 7. Maxilla (upper jaw) 8. Zygomatic bone (Os zygomaticum) 9. Palatine bone (Os palatinum) 10. Lacrimal bone (Os lacrimale) 11. Inferior nasal concha (Concha nasalis inferior) 12. Nasal bone (Os nasale) 13. Vomer 14. Mandible (lower jaw) 15. – 21. Cervical vertebrae

Frontal bone Parietal bone Temporal bone Zygomatic bone Nasal bone Occipital bone Maxilla Vomer Ethmoidal bone Sphenoid bone Mandible

Nasal bone 24. Posterior superior dental artery
Superior maxilla Infraorbital vein Infraorbital foramen Superior dental vein Nasal septum Inferior dental nerve Facies of the eye Inferior dental artery Zygomatico – maxillary suture Inferior dental vein Palatine process Incisive foramen, foramen of Stenson Alveolar process Greater palatine foramen Palatine bone Mandible Coronoid process of mandible Condyloid process Mandibular angle Mental foramen Mental tubercle Mandibular foramen Incisor teeth Eye teeth Premolar teeth Molar teeth Infraorbital nerve Posterior superior dental branches of the maxillary nerve Infraorbital artery

ELBOW JOINT Radial collateral ligament Radial annular ligament Ulnar collateral ligament Bicep muscle tendon of insertion Fibrous capsule of the articular capsule

HIP JOINT Iliofemoral ligament Ischiofemoral ligament Pubofemoral ligament Orbicular zone Transverse acetabulum ligament

KNEE JOINT Anterior cruciate Posterior cruciate Medial meniscus Lateral meniscus Transverse ligament Tibial collateral Fibular collateral Patellar ligament

SHOULDER JOINT Supraspinatus Infraspinous fossa Teres minor Subscapularis Long head biceps Coracoacromial ligament Trapezoid ligament Conoid ligament Coracohumeral ligament Glenoid labrum

HUMAN SKELETAL MUSCLE Muscle fiber Nucleus Perimysium Epimysium Small arteriole Capillary Nerve fiber Motor end plate Myofibril Z band I band A band H zone M line

HUMAN SMOOTH MUSCLE Smooth muscle cell or fiber Capillary Myofibrils Nucleus of the muscle cell Mitochondria Nucleolus

Sarcoplasm cytoplasmic matrix 19. Synaptic vesicle
Nuclei Myofibrils Cohnheim’s areas Sarcolemma Endomysium Medullated nerve fiber Axis cylinder (axon and neuraxon) Myelin sheath Granules Terminal branches Terminal neurofibrils Schwann cells Sarcoplasmic cavity Mitochondria Subneural lamella Lamella

19. Splenius capitis 20. Occipitofrontalis (frontal venter) 21. Occipitofrontalis (occipital venter) 22. Galea aponeurotica 23. Compressor naris and dilator naris 24. Orbicularis oculi (palpebral part) 25. Orbicularis oculi (orbital part) 26. Auricularis anterior 27. Auricularis posterior 28. Orbicularis oris 29. Depressor anguli oris 30. Risorius 31. Zygomaticus major 32. Zygomaticus minor 33. Levator anguli oris 34. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi 35. Buccinator 36. Mentalis 37. Depressor labii inferioris 38. Masseter 39. Temporal 40. Splenius cervicis 41. Sternomastoid 42. Scalenus medius 43. Scalenus posterior 44. Scalenus anterior 45. Levator scapulae 46. Digastric ( anterior venter) 47. Digastric ( posterior venter) 48. Stylohyoid 49. Mylo-hyoid 50. Geniohyoid 51. Hyoglossus 52. Sternohyoid 53. Omo-hyoid ( superior venter) 54. Omo-hyoid (inferior venter) 55. Sternothyroid 56. Thyrohyoid 57. Crico-thyroid

MUSCLES OF THE LEG – MODEL # 1
Gluteus maximus 1a. Gluteus medius Piriformis Gemellous superior Obturator internus Gemellous inferior Quadratus femori Vaginigluteus Sartorius Tractus iliotibialis fasciae latae Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris 12a. Vastus intermedius Gracilis Adductor longus 14a. Iliopsoas Adductor magnus Semitendineus Semimembranus Biceps femoris (long head) Biceps femoris (short head) Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum Peroneus longus Peroneus brevis Gastrocnemius (middle head) Gastrocnemius (lateral head) Tendo achillis Soleus Popliteus Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior Extensor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti quinti of toe Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor hallucis Flexor hallucis brevis Lumbricales Extensor hallucis brevis 38a. Extensor hallucis longus Flexor digiti quinti brevis of small toe Dorsal interosseous

MUSCLES OF THE LEG – MODEL # 2
11. Gluteus maximus 12. Gluteus medius 13. Piriformis 14. Gemellus superior 15. Obturator internus 16. Gemellus inferior 17. Quadratus femoris 18. Tensor fasciae latae 19. Iliotibial tract 20. Rectus femoris 21. Vastus lateralis 22. Vastus intermedius 23. Vastus medialis 24. Sartorius 25. Iliopsoas 26. Adductor longus 27. Gracilis 28. Adductor magnus 29. Semimembranosus 30. Semitendinosus 31. Biceps femoris (long head) 32. Biceps femoris (short head) 33. Tibialis anterior 34. Extensor digitorum longus 35. Peroneus longus 36. Peroneus brevis 37. Gastrocnemius ( lateral head) 38. Gastrocnemius (medial head) 39. Soleus 40. Tibialis posterior 41. Popliteus 42. Flexor digitorum longus 43. Flexor hallucis longus 44. Extensor hallucis longus 45. Extensor hallucis brevis 46. Extensor digitorum brevis 47. Abductor digiti minimi 48. Flexor digiti minimi brevis 49. Flexor digitorum brevis 50. Lumbrical muscle of the foot 51. Flexor hallucis brevis 52. Abductor hallucis 53. Dorsal interosseous 54. Tendon of rectus femoris 55. Tendon of sartorius 56. Cruciate ligament of ankle 57. Superior peroneal retinaculum 58. Inferior peroneal retinaculum 59. Tendon of extensor hallucis longus 60. Tendons of extensor digitorum longus pedis 61. Tendon of peroneus brevis 62. Tendon of peroneus longus 63. Plantar aponeurosis

MUSCLES OF THE ARM – MODEL # 2
Subscapula Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Teres major Deltoid Biceps brachii 7a. Caput longum 7b. Caput breve Brachial Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii (caput longum) Triceps brachii (caput laterale) Triceps brachii ( caput mediale) Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Pronator teres Radiocarpus Palmarus longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum sublimis Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Quadratipronator Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Cubitalis posterior Cubitalis riolani Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Retinaculum musculorum extensorum Tendo muscle extensoris pollicis longi Abductor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Flexor pollicis brevis Abductor digiti minimi Retinaculum musculorum flexorum Mesothenar Interossei dorsales Lumbricales Tendo muscle flexoris pollicis

ARM MUSCLES – MODEL # 1 1. Clavicle 2. Acromion 3. Scapular spine 4. Humerus 5. Subscapularis 6. Supraspinatus 7. Infraspinatus 8. Teres minor 9. Teres major 10.Deltoideus 11.Biceps brachii 12.Biceps brachii (long head) 13.Biceps brachii (medial short head) 14.Brachialis 15.Coracobrachialis 16.Lateral head of triceps brachii 17.Long head of triceps brachii 18.Medial head of triceps brachii 19.Brachioradialis 20.Extensor carpi radialis longus 21.Extensor carpi radialis brevis 22.Pronator teres 23.Flexor carpi radialis 24.Palmaris longus 25.Flexor carpi ulnaris 26.Flexor digitorum supoerficialis 27.Flexor digitorum profundus 28.Flexor pollicis longus 29.Pronator quadratus 30.Extensor digitorum of hand 31.Extensor digiti minimi 32. Extensor carpi ulnaris 33. Anconeus muscle 34. Supinator 35. Abductor pollicis longus 36. Extensor pollicis longus 37. Extensor indicis 38. Extensor retinaculum 39. Dorsal interosseous muscle of hand 40. Opponens pollicis 41. Abductor pollicis brevis 42. Flexor pollicis brevis 43. Adductor pollicis 44. Lumbrical muscles of hand 45. Abductor digiti minimi of 46. Flexor retinaculum 47. Tendon of palmaris longus 48. Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis 49. Tendon of flexor pollicis longus 50. Tendon of extensor pollicis longus 51. Tendinous junction 52. Tendon of extensor digitorum muscle of hand 53. Tendon of triceps brachii muscle

104. Obturator internus 105. Superior gemellus 106. Inferior gemellus 107. Quadratus femoris 108. Tensor fasciae latae 109. Sartorius 110. Rectus femoris 111. Vastus intermedius 112. Vastus lateralis 113. Vastus intermedius 114. Pectineus 115. Adductor longus 116. Gracilis 117. Great adductor 118. Semitendinosus 119. Semimembranosus 120. Biceps femoris 121. Tibialis anterior 122. Extensor digitorum longus muscle 123. Extensor hallucis longus 124. Peroneus longus 125. Peroneus brevis 126. Gastrocnemius 127. Soleus 128. Popliteus 129. Tibialis posterior 130. Flexor digitorum longus 131. Flexor hallucis longus 132. Extensor hallucis brevis 133. Extensor digitorum brevis 134. Abductor hallucis 135. Flexor digitorum brevis 136. Lumbrical 137. Abductor digiti minimi 138. Flexor digiti minimi brevis 139. Inferior extensor retinaculum 141. Transversus thoracis 142. Diaphragm 143. Transversus abdominis 144. Quadratus lumborum 145. Greater psoas 146. Lesser psoas 147. Iliacus HEAD and NECK 13. Occipitofrontalis (frontal belly) 14. Temporal muscle 15. Auricularis superior 16. Auricularis posterior 17. Auricularis anterior 18. Occipitofrontalis (occipital belly) 19. Orbicularis oculi 20. Compressor naris/Dilator naris 21. Zygomaticus minor 22. Zygomaticus major 23. Orbicularis oris 24. Depressor anguli oris 25. Depressor labii inferioris 26. Buccinator muscle 27. Masseter 28. Sternocleidomastoid muscle 29. Sternohyoid muscle 30. Sternothyroid muscle 31. Thyrohyoid muscle 32. Omohyoid muscle 33. Cricothyroid muscle 34. Trapezius muscle 35. Splenius capitis muscle 36. Levator scapulae muscle 37. Scalenus muscles TRUNK 49. Subclavius 50. Deltoid 51. Pectoralis major 52. Pectoralis minor 53. External intercostals 54. Serratus anterior 55. Obliquus abdominis externus 56. Rectus abdominis 57. Obliquus abdominis internus 58. Pyramidalis 59. Rhomboideus major 60. Infraspinatus 61. Teres major 62. Longissimus thoracis 63. Latissimus dorsi 64. Serratus posterior inferior UPPER EXTREMITY 69. Teres minor 70. Triceps 71. Biceps 72. Coracobrachialis 73. Brachialis 74. Pronator teres 75. Flexor carpi radialis 76. Palmaris longus 77. Flexor carpi ulnaris 78. Extensor carpi ulnaris 79. Extensor digitorum 80. Extensor carpi radialis brevis 81. Extensor carpi radialis longus 82. Brachioradialis 83. Extensor pollicis brevis 84. Abductor pollicis longus 85. Flexor digitorum sublimis 86. Supinator 87. Extensor retinaculum 88. Flexor retinaculum 89. Flexor pollicis brevis 90. Abductor pollicis brevis 91. Dorsal interosseus 92. Abductor digiti minimi 93. Flexor digiti minimi brevis 94. Opponens digiti minimi 95. Lumbrical 96. Tendons of flexor sublimis 97. Tendinous vaginal ligaments LOWER EXTREMITY 101. Glutaeus maximus 102. Glutaeus medius 103. Piriformis

TORSO MODEL SECTION 1 M38 – Sartorius M40 – Rectus femoris M41 – Tensor fasciae latae M42 – Adductor brevis M43 - Vasti M45 – Adductor magnus N5 – Ischiadicus nerve M44 – Semitendinosus M34 – Gluteus maximus O46 – Funiculus spermaticus V14 – Femoral vein O49 – Corpora cavernosa, penis A11 – Femoral artery O48 – Urethra O45 – Prostate S28 – Femur O47 - Anus

TORSO MODEL SECTION 2 M38 – Sartorius N6 – femoralis nerve V14 – Femoralis vein M36 – Pectineus M39 – Iliopsoas M40 – Rectus femoris M41 – Tensor fasciae latae M37 – Levator ani N5 – Ischiadicus nerve M34 – Gluteus maximus O46 – Funiculus spermaticus A11 – Femoralis artery S25 – Os pubis O45 – Prostate S28 – Femur S26 – Os ischii O44 – Rectum S27 – Os coccygis

TORSO MODEL SECTION 3 M27 – Rectus abdominis M28 – Obliquus externus abdominis M29 – Obliquus internus abdominis M30 – Transversus abdominis M31 – Psoas M32 – Iliacus M33 – Gluteus medius M34 – Gluteus maximus M35 – Multifidus O39 – Ileum O40 – Colon A10 – Common iliac artery V13 – Common iliac vein S13 – Corpus vertebrae O43 – Cauda equina S24 – Os ilium

TORSO MODEL SECTION 4 M27 – Rectus abdominis V10 – Inferior vena cava A6 – Aorta M20 – Erector spinae O38 – Jejunum O40 – Colon O42 – Pancreatic duct O34 – Pancreas O41 – Vesica fellea O37 – Duodenum O30 – Hepar O36 – Ureter O33 – Lien O35 - Ren

TORSO MODEL SECTION 5 M27 – Serratus anterior M22 – Intercostales A6 – Aorta A9 – Lienalis artery V12 – Lienalis vein M25 – Latissimus dorsi M20 – Erector spinae S20 – Costa O30 – Hepar V11 – Portae vein O31 – Gaster V10 – Inferior vena cava O32 – Diaphragm S13 – Corpus vertebrae O33 – Lien O20 – Medulla spinalis

TORSO MODEL SECTION 6 M22 – Intercostales V10 – Inferior vena cava V7 – Azygos vein A6 – Aorta M26 – Serratus anterior M20 – Erector spinae M25 – Latissimus dorsi M13 – Trapezius S19 – Sternum O31 – Gaster S20 – Costa O30 – Hepar O22 – Esophagus S13 – Corpus vertebrae O24 – Pulmo O20 – Medulla spinalis

TORSO MODEL SECTION 7 M15 – Pectoralis major M22 – Intercostales M16 – Pectoralis minor A6 – Aorta V6 – Superior vena cava N4 – Brachial plexus M17 – Deltoid M23 – Biceps V9 – Brachialis vein A8 – Brachialis artery M18 – Subscapularis M24 – Triceps M25 – Latissimus dorsi M20 – Erector spinae M19 – Infraspinatus M13 – Trapezius S19 – Sternum O27 – Ventriculus dexter S20 – Costa O29 – Atrium dexter O26 – Ventriculus sinister O28 – Atrium sinister O24 – Pulmo O22 – Esophagus S21 – Humerus S13 – Corpus vertebrae O20 – Medulla spinalis S22 - Scapula

TORSO MODEL SECTION 8 M15 – Pectoralis major M16 – Pectoralis minor V6 – Superior vena cava A6 – Aorta V8 – Axillaris vein N4 – Brachial plexus A7 – Axillaris artery V7 – Azygos vein M17 – Deltoid M18 – Subscapularis M20 – Erector spinae M19 – Infraspinatus M21 – Rhomboid M13 – Trapezius S19 – Sternum O24 – Pulmo S20 – Costa O25 – Bifurcation of trachea O22 – Esophagus S21 – Humerus S13 – Corpus vertebrae O20 – Medulla spinalis S22 - Scapula

TORSO MODEL SECTION 9 V5 – Anterior jugularis M7 – Sternocleidomastoid muscle V1 – Internal jugularis A5 – Common carotid M14 – Scaleni M13 – Trapezius M10 – Transversospinalis M11 – Semispinalis capitis M12 – Splenius capitis O23 – Thyroid gland O21 – trachea O22 – Esophagus S13 – Corpus vertebrae O24 – Pulmo O20 – Medulla spinalis

TORSO MODEL SECTION 10 V5 – Anterior jugularis M7 – Sternocleidomastoid muscle V1 – Internal jugularis A5 – Common carotid artery N3 – Superior cervical ganglion A4 – Vertebralis M14 – Scaleni M10 – Transversospinalis M11 – Semispinalis capitis M12 – Splenius capitis M13 – Trapezius O21 – Trachea O23 – Thyroid gland O22 – Esophagus S14 – Foramen costotransversarium S13 – Corpus vertebrae O20 – Medulla spinalis

TORSO MODEL SECTION 11 V5 – Anterior jugularis M7 – Sternocleidomastoid V1 – Internal jugularis A5 – Common carotid artery M8 – Longus colli M9 – Levator scapulae M10 – Transversospinalis M11 – Semispinalis capitis M12 – Splenius capitis M13 – Trapezius O17 – Plica vocalis O16 – Rima vestibuli S17 – Thyroid cartilage S18 – Arytenoid cartilage O18 – Pharynx (pars laryngea) S13 – Corpus vertebrae O19 – Cavum subarachnoidale S15 – Transverse process O20 – Medulla spinalis S16 – Spinous process

TORSO MODEL SECTION 12 M4 – Masseter M5 – Medial pterygoid muscle M6 – Longus capitis A2 – Internal carotid artery A3 – Basilaris artery V1 – Internal jugularis A4 – Vertebralis artery V4 – Superior jugularis V2 – Sinus transversus S8 – Mandibula + Dentes O13 – Lingua S9 – Ramus of mandibula O14 – Pharynx (pars oralis) S10 – Atlas S11 – Occipital condyles O15 – Medulla oblongata S12 – Mastoid process O10 – Cerebellum S7 – Os occipitate

TORSO MODEL SECTION 13 A1 – Facial artery M4 – Masseter N2 – Maxillaris nerve M6 – Longus capitis A2 – Internal carotid artery V1 – Internal jugularis vein A3 – Basilaris artery V2 – Sinus transversus V3 – Sinus sagittalis superior O6 – Labium oris O7 – Palatum durum + Processus alveolaris S3 – Maxilla S4 – Inferior nasal concha S5 – Nasal septum O8 – Pharynx (pars nasalis) S6 – Mandibular condylar process O9 – External auditory meatus O10 – cerebellum O11 – Ventriculus quartus S7 – Os occipitale O12 – Tentorium cerebelli O5 – Falx cerebri

TORSO MODEL SECTION 14 M1 – Rectus medialis N1 – Optical nerve M2 – Rectus lateralis M3 – Temporalis S1 – Ethmoid sinus O1 – Bulbus oculi O2 – cerebrum O3 – Ventriculus tertius O4 – Choroid plexus S2 – Os parietale O5 – Falx cerebri

Keys to 2401 Models Photographs and keys prepared by Jeff Beck

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Keys to 2401 Models Photographs and keys prepared by Jeff Beck

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