1. Nervous System Anatomy: Neuron
Soma
Dendrites
Axon
Axolemma
Axoplasm
Axon Terminal
Synaptic End Bulb
Axon Hillock
Trigger Zone
Schwann Cell
Myelin Sheath
Node of Ranvier

2. Nervous System Anatomy: Spinal Cord
Gray Matter
White Matter
Meninges
Dura Mater (Outer)
Subdural Space
Arachnoid Mater
Subarachnoid Space
Denticulate Ligaments
Pia Mater (Inner)

3. Nervous System Anatomy: Spinal Cord

4. Nervous System Anatomy: Spinal Cord

5. Nervous System Anatomy: Spinal Nerves
Plexuses
Cervical
8 Nerve Pairs
Brachial
8 Nerves
Lumbar
5 Nerve Pairs
Sacral
Thoracic Nerves
12 Pairs
Coccygeal Nerves
1 Nerve Pair

6. Nervous System Anatomy: Spinal Column
Horns: Gray & White, Anterior & Posterior
Commisures: Gray & White, Anterior & Posterior
Roots: Ventral & Dorsal
Fissures & Sulci: Ventral & Dorsal
Columns: Lateral, Anterior & Posterior
Central Canal

7. Nervous System Anatomy
Ventral & Dorsal Ramus
Rami Communicantes

8. Nervous System Anatomy

9. Nervous System Anatomy

10. Nervous System Anatomy
Most major nerves occur on both right and left sides
Most major nerves carry both motor and sensory information, although they may be mostly one or the other
Phrenic n.
Innervates the diaphragm
Emerges C3 - C5
Damage to the spinal cord above this point causes respiratory failure
Supraclavicular n.
Deep to the platysma
Innervates skin in the neck, shoulder, & upper chest
Cervical Plexus

11. Nervous System Anatomy
Axillary n.
Innervates deltoid & teres minor
Suprascapular n.
Innervates supraspinatus & infraspinatus
Brachial Plexus

12. Nervous System Anatomy
Radial n.
Innervates extensors of arm & forearm
Median n.
Innervates flexors of forearm
Ulnar n.
Innervates flexors of wrist & hand
Musculocutaneous n.
Innervates coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, & brachialis
Brachial Plexus

13. Nervous System Anatomy
Genitofemoral n.
Innervates skin over genitals & thighs
Ilioinguinal n.
Femoral n.
Innervates flexors of thigh & extensors of leg
Saphenous n.
Branch of the Femoral n.
Innervates skin over medial surface of leg
Obturator n.
Innervates adductors of leg
Lumbar Plexus

14. Nervous System Anatomy
Pudendal n.
Innervates muscles of the perineum & skin of the genitals
Sciatic n.
Largest nerve in the body
Splits into tibial & common peroneal nerves
Innervates hamstrings & adductors
Tibial n.
Splits into lateral & medial plantar nerves
Innervates gastrocnemius, soleus & other lower leg muscles
Sacral Plexus

15. Nervous System Anatomy
Common peroneal n.
Splits into superficial & deep peroneal nerves
Also known as the common fibular nerve
Innervates tibialis anterior, peroneus (fibularis) longus & brevis, & other muscles of the lower leg & foot
Sural n.
Formed from branches of the Tibial & Common Peroneal nn.
Innervates skin of lower leg & foot
Medial & Lateral Plantar nn.
Innervate muscles of the foot
Sacral Plexus

16. Nervous System Anatomy
The trigeminal nerve is Cranial Nerve V
Largest cranial nerve, with three major divisions
Many branches that provide somatic sensory information from the head & face
Also has motor output to muscles of mastication
Infraorbital n.
Supraorbital n.
Lingual n.
Mental n.
Branches of the Trigeminal Nerve
(Cranial Nerve V)

17. Nervous System Anatomy
Sensory and motor fibers travel along “highways” (tracts) in the spinal cord
Sensory and motor tracts are landmarks for diagnosis & treatment of spinal cord damage