1. Grade 9 Social Studies Unit 3 Review
9.1.6 Assess, critically, the impact of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms on the legislation process in Canada
9.1.7 Assess, critically, how the increased demand for recognition of collective rights has impacted the legislative process in Canada

2. In what ways has the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms fostered recognition of Individual Rights in Canada?
Was entrenched in Canada’s Constitution in 1982 and made universal across Canada
These rights must be considered when writing all other laws that are passed in Canada
The Charter more widely recognized the rights of the individual as they are explicitly stated
With the exception of voting and moving in/out of the country they are applicable to all people living in Canada

3. How does the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms support individuals exercising their rights?
Certain individual rights and fundamental freedoms can only be restricted if these rights infringe on the rights of another individual
Some individual rights include freedom of expression, peaceful association, an individual’s relationship with the gov’t and legal system (right to vote or fair/expedient trial)
All people have the right not to be discriminated against because of race, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion, gender, or disability

4. Cont’d
If an individual feels their rights have been restricted, they can lodge a complaint with an organization like the Human Rights Commission
Sometimes the cases are taken to court and sometimes may result in the changing of the law
i.e. the Lords Day Act

5. In what ways has the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms affected conditions in the workplace?
Employers must be made aware of discrimination in their workplace
Must ensure that all employees are treated in accordance with the Charter (the demand for gender equality through wage)
Workplaces must be careful not to discriminate based on age, race, or religion (i.e. Sikh RCMP officers wearing designed turbans rather than traditional headgear)
Employer cannot fire someone based on age
Employees have the right to take time off for religious holidays, even if not observed by company

6. What is the relationship between the Rights guaranteed in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the responsibilities of Canadian Citizens?
In exchange for the rights provided, the gov’t asks for individuals to fulfill certain responsibilities
Involvement in the political process, social responsibilities, and paying taxes
Although you may not be excluded for not fulfilling these rights, you may be punished for neglecting certain responsibilities – paying taxes

7. In what ways has the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms fostered recognition of Collective Rights in Canada?
Collective Rights are rights awarded to a specific group of people
In the Charter, the rights of Francophones and Anglophones are specifically laid out
Section 35 the Collective Rights of Aboriginal people are described
By their inclusion in the Charter, these groups are easily able to ensure that their cultures and languages are protected

8. In what ways does the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms meet the needs of Francophones in minority settings?
When a Francophone is in a primarily English-speaking community, there is potential for a loss of language and culture
Charter guarantees that no matter where a Francophones lives, they have the right to access gov’t services in French and access publicly funded education in French

9. To what extent does the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms meet the needs of Francophones in Quebec?
French is one of the two official languages of Canada
French is the official language in Quebec
Charter helps promote French culture by ensuring the rights of Francophones are protected
Charter limits the use of French as the only language in the province (Businesses signs must be in French)
i.e. Bill 101

10. Gov’t has a responsibility to protect the rights of all minorities
To what extent should federal and provincial governments support and promote the language rights of minorities in Canada?
Gov’t has a responsibility to protect the rights of all minorities
Canada has a multicultural identity
Canada has great respect for human rights
Government ensures that legislation promotes language minorities and ensures they are able to flourish in Canada

11. How does the Indian Act recognize the status and identity of Aboriginal people?
Indian Act is a law that first passed in 1876
Purpose was to allow gov’t to administer rights guaranteed to First Nations in the ‘numbered treaties’
Initially, had purpose to assimilate First Nations into mainstream Canadian culture
Act defines who is ‘Status Indian’ and who qualifies for the associated rights
Many feel the Act is still discriminatory and inhibits First Nation identity
Does not allow for self-governance and nationhood
Act has been amended various times but not successfully

12. Treaties about land and compensation for land
How does legislation, such as Treaty 6, Treaty 7, and Treaty 8, recognize the status and identity of Aboriginal peoples?
Treaties 6, 7, and 8 are three of the eleven treaties signed by First Nations and Canada between 1871 and 1921
Treaties about land and compensation for land
First Nations agreed to share land in return for certain rights (land protection, resource usage, education, health)
First Nations view treaties as permanent and believe they did not give up their land but agreed to live in harmony on the land

13. Cont’d…
Canadian government disagrees and conflict have arose over land ownership
First Nations records of treaties (oral and written) contradict written records of gov’t
First Nations people see the treaties as a the way to maintain their culture and identity and the treaties provided rights to hunting, fishing, trapping that would not be comprimised

14. How do governments recognize Metis cultures and rights through legislation?
Metis culture is distinct from First Nations and Inuit – and were not part of Numbered Treaties
Manitoba Act is main agreement between Metis and government
During conflict, many Metis fled Manitoba and never received land promised to them
Alberta-Metis Settlement Accord recognized Metis in Alberta since 1990
There are 8 Metis settlements in Alberta

15. Rightism Patriation Entrenchment Constitutionalism
One example of the way in which the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects Francophones when they are the minority in an area is by ensuring the right to…
The process of the strengthening of a right by specifically mentioning it in the Constitution is called…
Rightism
Patriation
Entrenchment
Constitutionalism
Access services in French in retail outlets
Receive public funds for French education when there are enough students
Receive public funds for cultural events that promote the Francophone culture
Be hired for a job in an Anglophone setting even if the person applying for the job cannot speak English
Which of the following rights is also referred to as a responsibility?
The right to vote
The right to a fair trial
The right to move freely within Canada
The right to make a living in any province or territory

16. Which of the following rights is correctly paired with a corresponding section of Canada’s Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
Right
Section A
Right to a fair trial
Legal Rights B
Right to vote in elections
Equality Rights C
Right to gather together peacefully
Mobility Rights D
Right to leave Canada
Democratic Rights
Along with the Canadian government (represented by the Queen), which of the following groups of people are represented by Treaties 6, 7, & 8?
First Nations
Aboriginals
Metis
Inuit

17. The Act guarantees the land claims described in the numbered treaties.
Which of the following statements about the Metis settlements is false?
Which of the following statements about the Indian Act is false?
The rules of governing the Metis settlements are similar to those governing the First Nations reserves.
Councils on the Metis settlements have the ability to make bylaws that apply only to the settlements.
A form of self-governance exists on the Metis settlements.
The Metis settlements exist only in Alberta.
The Act guarantees the land claims described in the numbered treaties.
The original Act attempted to assimilate First Nations people.
The Act is today considered by some to be discriminatory.
The Act defines who is a status Indian.

18. Canadian Constitution Numbered Treaties Bill of Rights Indian Act
Which of the following documents guarantees the collective rights of all Aboriginals in Canada?
The term “status Indian” refers to people in which of the following groups?
First Nations people registered under the Indian Act
Metis people living on Metis settlements
Inuit people living on reserves
All Aboriginal people
Canadian Constitution
Numbered Treaties
Bill of Rights
Indian Act
Which three groups have their collective rights guaranteed in Canada?
Immigrants, Anglophones, Francophones
Francophones, Anglophones, Aboriginals
Francophones, immigrants, Aboriginals
Aboriginals, immigrants, Anglophones