1. Proteins
Foods I: Fundamentals

2. PROTEINS Facts: 10-30% of daily diet should come from protein
Contains 4 calories per gram
Do the math…
2000cal/day
2000*.10= 200/4 = 50
2000*.30=600/4=
150
Therefore we need between grams of protein based on a 2000 calorie diet

3. PROTEINS Facts: Proteins make up 1/5 of total body weight
They are made up of:
AMINO ACIDS!
Building blocks of protein
Each has special job within the body
“ESSENTIAL” Amino Acids
Our body does not make these so we must get them from food
There are 9 essential amino acids

4. PROTEINS 9 Essential Amino Acids Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine
Methionine
Phenylalanine
Threonine
Tryptophan
Valine

5. PROTEINS 2 Types of Proteins Complete Incomplete
Foods from animal sources
Ex. Meat, poultry, eggs, fish, dairy, cheeses *SOY*
Contain all 9 essential amino acids
Incomplete
Foods from plant sources
Dry beans, nuts, vegetables, grains
Lack at least 1 essential amino acid
ONLY EXCEPTION: SOY

6. PROTEINS Functions: Growth, repair and development
Protein makes up hair, eyes, skin, muscles, bones.
Constantly being broken down & replaced
Enzymes help these chemical reactions to take place in our bodies
Helps to regulate hormones
Thyroid for metabolism
Insulin for blood sugar
Produces antibodies
Builds immune system and helps us fight off diseases & illnesses

7. PROTEINS How much do we need? What if I get too much?
More at certain times:
Pregnancy (to build baby’s cells)
Adolescence (for growing)
Ill or injured (to recover)
What if I get too much?
Too much is stored as fat
Body works extra hard to try and break down excess proteins
What if I don’t get enough?
Kwashiorkor
(PEM=Protein Energy Malnutrition)
Protein deficiency disease that happens a lot in underdeveloped areas of the world

8. Proteins :::REVIEW:::
1. What percentage of our daily diet should come from protein?
10-30%
2. How many calories are there in 1 gram of protein? 4
3. How many essential amino acids are there? 9

9. Proteins :::REVIEW:::
4. Where do we get essential amino acids?
FOOD!
5. Complete proteins come from foods from _________ sources.
ANIMAL
6. What is the main function of proteins in our body?
GROWTH & REPAIR

10. Proteins :::REVIEW:::
7. The disease associated with not getting enough protein is called…
KWASHIORKOR
8. Amino acids are the _______ _______ of protein.
BUILDING BLOCKS
9. Dried beans provide you with __________ protein.
INCOMPLETE
10. _________ proteins contain all 9 essential amino acids.
COMPLETE

11. Reading Food Labels How many calories come from carbohydrates?
18grams*4calories=
72 calories
How many calories come from protein?
20grams*4calories=
80 calories
How many calories come from fat?
4grams*9calories=
36 calories