1. 34.4 Reproductive System
Day 3

2. Do Now
Identify the following structures of the male and female reproductive system.
Can you think of any structures that have the same function in both systems?
___testes ___prostate ___penis
___ovum ___vagina ___ovary
___uterus ___vas deferens
___cervix ___fallopian tube

3. Human Development: From Conception to Birth
Research 3
Bio EOC
Reproductive System
Human Development: From Conception to Birth

4. What are we learning today?
Benchmark
Objectives
SC.912.L …Describe the process of human development from fertilization to birth and major changes that occur in each trimester of pregnancy.
I will describe the process of human development from the zygotic stage to the end of the third trimester and birth.

5. What is the essential question?
Summarize that changes that occur each trimester during the development of the embryo or fetus.
Answer:
First trimester
Organ systems begin to form (cell differentiation)
Nervous system begins forming
Heart begins beating
Embryo begins to move
Ears, eyelids, and teeth buds are formed
Second trimester
Mostly growth
Fetal skeleton forms
Mother can feel the fetus moves
Fetus can now hear.
Hair forms on the body
Third trimester
Fetus turn into a head-down position.
Fat is deposited beneath the skin
A greasy substance forms on the fetus skin.
Lungs mature
Fetus can see light and react to sounds.

6. Occurs in upper third of Fallopian tube
What is fertilization?
Fertilization is the union of a sperm cell and an egg cell to form a zygote.
Occurs in upper third of Fallopian tube
Only 1 sperm can fertilize an egg
To the Teacher:

7. What cellular processes make it all happen?
Growth or the increase in the number of cells.
Development or the arrangement of the cells into specific organs.
Differentiation or the specialization of cells to perform specific tasks and functions.
To the Teacher: Use the frog diagram to explain cellular processes.

8. What is implantation?
Zygote divides several times to form a hollow ball of cells called a morula.
More cellular divisions result in a blastocyst, a ball of cells with a large fluid cavity.
Blastocyst burrows into the lining of the uterus during implantation.
Describe the process of fertilization and implantation?

9. What happens after implantation?
Implanted blastocyst gradually sorts itself into three layers forming a gastrula.
All the organs and tissues of the embryo will be formed from these three layers by cell differentiation.

10. What is neurulation?
Neurulation is the development of the nervous system.
Neural folds create neural tube.
One end of the neural tube will develop into the brain, the other end develops into the spinal cord.

11. What are some important extraembryonic structures?
Placenta is the structure through which the mother nourishes the embryo
Umbilical cord contains arteries and veins that carry blood between the embryo and the placenta C
Amniotic sac is a membrane that surrounds the embryo
Amniotic fluid keeps cushions the embryo from injury and keeps it moist

12. Identify the time frames for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester
Label, define and provide a simple illustration of: fertilization, zygote, morula, blastula, and gastrulation
Label and define implantation
Label and define neurulation
Label when the brain & spinal column are complete
Label when the heart begins to beat
Label when the placenta is completed
Label when the organs are in place
Label when the sex organs are visible
Label when birth occurs
Independent Practice
Complete each of the tasks to create a 40- week timeline that accurately illustrates the important stages and milestones of human embryonic and fetal development

13. What are the major milestones of the first trimester?
All organ systems begin to form (cell differentiation)
Nervous system begins forming
Heart begins beating
Embryo begins to move
Ears, eyelids, and teeth buds are formed

14. What are the major milestones of the second trimester?
Mostly growth
Fetal skeleton forms
Mother can feel the fetus moves
Fetus can now hear.
Hair forms on the body

15. What are the major milestones of the third trimester?
Fetus turn into a head-down position.
Fat is deposited beneath the skin
A greasy substance forms on the fetus skin.
Lungs mature
Fetus can see light and react to sounds.

16. Muscles in the vagina and cervix relax allowing them to enlarge
What is birth?
Takes place about 38 weeks after fertilization
Muscles in the vagina and cervix relax allowing them to enlarge
Uterine contractions force fetus through birth canal
Once umbilical cord is cut, baby functions independently

17. What is the essential question?
Summarize that changes that occur each trimester during the development of the embryo or fetus.
Answer:
First trimester
Organ systems begin to form (cell differentiation)
Nervous system begins forming
Heart begins beating
Embryo begins to move
Ears, eyelids, and teeth buds are formed
Second trimester
Mostly growth
Fetal skeleton forms
Mother can feel the fetus moves
Fetus can now hear.
Hair forms on the body
Third trimester
Fetus turn into a head-down position.
Fat is deposited beneath the skin
A greasy substance forms on the fetus skin.
Lungs mature
Fetus can see light and react to sounds.

18. Home Learning Worksheet: Fetal Development Reinforcement
“The same people who never did their homework in high school are still doing that to this very day out in the real world.“
by Jules Shear