1. nationalgeographic.com/video/great-energy-challenge National Geographic Great Energy Challenge 1:43
Energy Resource Matching Activity

2. Energy Resources: Renewable or Non-renewable
Solar *Coal *Natural Gas Nuclear
Biomass Hydroelectric Geothermal
Wind *Crude Oil Tidal
Renewable Can be replaced naturally as it is used or that cannot be used up
Non-Renewable Is used much faster than it can be replaced naturally
In your notebook, make a T-chart with “Renewable” on the left
and “Non-renewable on the right. Determine if the above energy
resources are renewable or non-renewable. Put each of the
resources in the section you think it goes in.

3. TIDAL POWER
Bay of Fundy
High Tide
Bay of Fundy
Low Tide

4. Energy Resources: Renewable or Non-renewable
Solar *Coal *Natural Gas Nuclear
Biomass Hydroelectric Geothermal
Wind *Crude Oil Tidal
Renewable Can be replaced naturally as it is used or that cannot be used up Solar Biomass Wind Hydroelectric Geothermal Tidal
Non-Renewable Is used much faster than it can be replaced naturally *Coal *Crude Oil (Petroleum) *Natural Gas Nuclear

5. Biomass Nuclear Diamonds Living Things Renewable: replaced
through natural process; not used up faster than can be
replenished
If all natural resources are provided by nature, why aren’t they all considered “renewable”?
Nonrenewable: exhaustible,
extracted faster than they are formed
(nonreplenishing)
Energy Resources
Energy Resources
Nuclear
Bay of Fundy
Diamonds
Living Things
Biomass
“Mining: Discoveries for Progress”

6. Environment Impact of Population Shifts
Which continents may see the greatest impact on natural resources in 2050?
How do population shifts affect the demands for natural resources (freshwater, soil, trees)? i.e. Everglades
2. How do population shifts negatively contribute to environmental changes in land,
air and water and nutrient depletion?

7. How will the continuing population growth affect Earth’s natural resources? What do you think would explain the drastic population growth in the year 2000?

8. How may the impact of human activity affect each of these areas?

10. The Human Factor: Review with your partner.
How is Earth’s growing population affecting the need
for natural resources? 2. What are the cumulative ecological effects of an increasing population on acid rain; global warming and ozone layer depletion? 3. How do shifts in populations affect topsoil, vegetation, erosion, water and air quality?

11. Which of our natural resources do we use for energy?
Bill Nye Renewable Energy 3:07
Which of our natural resources do we use for energy?

12. Energy helps in powering business, manufacturing and transportation of goods and services.
Energy comes in different forms heat, light, thermal, mechanical, electrical, chemical and nuclear energy. (Coach lesson #7)
Energy sources from which we gain energy are classified broadly into 2 groups: Renewable and Non-Renewable

13. https://www. youtube. com/watch
Formation of Fossil Fuels 2:25
Bill Nye Renewable Energy 3:07
Coach lesson #8

15. nuclear power

16. 1. How did the U.S. dependency on non-renewable energy change from ? 2. During what year was there the greatest increase in use of nonrenewable energy? 3. What may explain the drastic increase between 1995 – 2007? 4. What “non-renewable” sources of energy may have been used during this time?

17. Natural resources such as coal, petroleum (crude oil) and natural
gas take thousands of years to form
naturally and cannot be replaced
as fast as they are being consumed.
Eventually fossil-based resources
will become too costly to harvest
and humanity will need to shift its
reliance to other sources of energy.
At present, the main energy source used by humans is non-renewable fossil fuels.
See “non-renewable resources with explanations/images”.

18. Fossil Fuels Coal Oil Natural Gas
Formation of Fossil Fuels 2:25
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Why are coal, oil and natural gas called “fossil fuels”?

19. How do fossil fuels form?
(Crude Oil)

20. How are the processes of natural gas, oil and coal formation similar?
“Balancing Needs: Coal and the Environment”
How are the processes of natural gas, oil and coal formation similar?

21. What are the advantages & disadvantages of coal as an energy source
What are the advantages & disadvantages of coal as an energy source? (CC) Power to the Planet Coal Pros and Cons 1:22
Sulfur and CO2 emissions
contribute to global warming.
Lake Water a
See coal samples.
Lake Water d

22. - Coal energy is a nonrenewable energy source
Advantages of using coal to produce electricity: affordable energy source because of the coal’s stable price easy to burn produces high energy upon combustion energy is inexpensive Coal is abundant Coal energy is a reliable energy source.
Disadvantages of using coal to produce electricity:
energy produces large amount of CO2 leading to global warming and climate change
not environmental friendly, produces harmful byproducts and gas emissions (sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide) causing pollution to the environment including acid rain
- Coal energy is a nonrenewable energy source
- Coal is fast depleting because we consume too much of it
Coal mining may ruin the environment and put the lives of people especially the coal miners in danger.

24. The environmental group Greenpeace flew a 135-foot
airship past the coal-fired Marshall Steam Station on
Lake Norman (Asheville), carrying signs urging Duke
Energy to adopt cleaner energy practices.

25. What are the advantages of onshore vs. offshore drilling?
What's in Crude Oil and How Do We Use It? 1:57
What are the advantages of onshore vs. offshore drilling?

26. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using crude oil as an energy source?
California Oil Spill 1:40
Ruptured oil pipeline in California images unavailable

30. Products Made From Petroleum (See list of products made from petroleum

31. Hydrocarbon Fuels from Crude Oil
Oil refinery: Cracking Tower
Most fuels in combustion reactions are hydrocarbons, and here are a few common examples:
methane (a major component of natural gas), CH4
propane (like for gas grills), C3H8
butane (lighter fluid), C4H10
octane (major component of gasoline), C8H18
ethanol (gasoline additive), C2H5OH
Coal, oil and natural gas are all hydrocarbon-based fossil fuels.
These are typically mixtures of hydrocarbons that require separation.
** What “elements” are in hydrocarbons?
The burning of oil and coal are
linked to acid rain, ozone depletion and global warming.

32. Pros & Cons of using Crude Oil
Affordable
Readily available
Efficient
Generates less CO2 than coal when burned
Pros
Produces CO2 when burned (linked to global warming and ozone depletion)
Limited supply
Rising fuel costs
Rising cost of extraction
Transportation in tanker ships have caused accidents (environmental)
Dependency on other countries for oil
Oil extraction can damage the environment
Cons
Costs/Benefits of Offshore Drilling 2:22
California oil spill news report

33. “The Road to Clean Air” Natural Gas 11:51

35. Natural Gas Drilling Wells
This illustration is typical of how an oil and gas reservoir is shown in a science textbook. Although it shows the concept correctly, reservoirs are always a lot deeper than this one and that makes them hard to find, hard to hit and difficult to develop. Drilling a hole in the earth thousands of feet deep, cementing steel casing in it, perforating it precisely in the right spot and outfitting it to bring that precious hydrocarbon to the surface is no walk in the park.

36. What is “fracking”?
Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, involves cracking rock formations by pumping fluid into wells at high pressure, forcing oil or gas out of the rock.

37. Drilling vs Fracturing

38. Pros & Cons of using Natural Gas
Advantages
- more environment friendly than oil or coal, produces less emissions; for the same amount of heat it emits
30% less carbon dioxide than burning oil, and 45% less carbon dioxide than burning coal
- Is less expensive than gasoline and therefore cost-effective.
- Can be safely stored and burned.
The process of easily transporting natural gas over land through pipelines or over water bodies in the form of LNG (Liquid Natural Gas) is an added pro - it doesn't require high costs.
- Most of its natural reserves are still underutilized.
- Emits 60-90% less smog-producing pollutants.
- Due to the clean burning process, it doesn't produce ash after energy is released.
Disadvantages
- Its availability is finite.
- Critics point out that its extraction leaves large craters within the earth.
- Is highly volatile (highly flammable), and can be dangerous if handled carelessly.
- In gas pipelines, a substance that has a strong odor is added to help detect a leak. Natural gas is the most
common cause of carbon monoxide deaths.
- Constructing and managing transportation pipelines costs a lot.
- While it may give off less CO2 than other sources of energy, it is nonetheless damaging the ecosystem.
Pros and Cons of Natural Gas 1:44
“Natural Gas Vehicles The Road to Clean Air” 11:50 min.

40. Increased CO2 is linked to global warming.
municipal solid waste (MSW) combustors
(also called Waste to Energy plants)

41. The History Channel “A Global Warning? 94 min.

42. A chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) is an organic compound that contains only carbon, chlorine, and fluorine, produced as a volatile derivative of methane, ethane, and propane.

44. The Effects of Ozone Depletion
CFCs released
CFCs rise into ozone layer
UV releases Cl from CFCs
4. Cl destroys ozone
5. Depleted ozone = more UV
6. More UV = more negative
consequences

45. Increase in global temperatures = h coastal water levels and
h water temperatures

47. Illustration of splitting uranium atom releasing subatomic particle inside the atom
releasing nuclear energy

48. “How Safe is the Nuclear Power Plant Near You”  5:04 min
What are the pros & cons?

49. Pros & Cons of Nuclear Power http://terry-eng35. blogspot
From the poster, determine which items are pros and which are cons.
Uranium depletion
Unsustainable
Available technology
Meltdowns
No CO2
Radioactive Waste
Reliable energy source
High risk
Slow & costly construction
Powerful
(Record your answers on your study guide.)
No CO2
The Pros and Cons of Nuclear Energy 2:07
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster 3:07

50. Renewable Energy Sources
Except for Biomass
Biomass

51. Biomass
What is biomass? 2:57
Biomass energy … 6:52
Biomass is any material made by plants and animals that we can convert into energy. Biomass has energy stored in it from the sun. Plants get energy from the sun through a process called photosynthesis. Animals get their energy indirectly from the sun by eating plants.
What do you think are the pros & cons?

53. Elephant grass (Miscanthus giganteus) standing and recently harvested, grown as an energy crop for use in biomass boilers,
Willtshire, UK, March.

54. Biomass Pros & Cons ADVANTAGES
can be used for fuels, power production and products that would otherwise be
made from fossil fuels.
does not add as much CO2 to the atmosphere
can be used to generate electricity with the same equipment or power plants that are now burning fossil fuels.
4. It is sensible to use waste products where we can.
Biomass fuel generally tends to be cheap.
places less demand on the Earth's resources
has the potential to greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
can reduce dependence on foreign oil.
DISADVANTAGES
Collecting sufficient quantities of waste can be difficult.
Burning the fuel creates greenhouse gases, although only a very little.
Certain materials aren't always available.
Materials used to produce fuel (i.e. corn) may decrease the amount available to humans for consumption, agriculture, etc.
The Strengths and Weakness of Biomass Energy 3:35

55. Hydroelectric Energy (Renewable)
“How Hydropower Works” 2:10 min.
Pros and Cons of Hydroelectric Power 1:16
Hydroelectric Energy
(Renewable)

57. What are the pros & cons?

59. Hydroelectric
3:00 min.

60. Solar Energy
Pros and Cons of Solar Power 1:32

61. What do you think are the
pros & cons?

62. Solar Energy Pros & Cons
6. During the production of the solar panels, pollution
is created by the manufacturer

63. Wind Energy

64. Wind Power W WHAT IS WIND POWER?
converting the power of the wind, physical energy, to more useful types of energy.
A wind farm is a large area of land on which there are a number of wind turbines generating electricity, as a power plant does.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
The most common type of energy generated from wind is electrical energy. This is by making the use of an electrical generator which is turned by turbine blades which are turned by the wind and thereby turning the turbine, creating electricity.
Pros and Cons of Wind Power 1:32

65. Wind Power Pros & Cons ADVANTAGES free and in abundance
The costs for wind turbines are only initial costs; once the turbine is built there are minimal maintenance costs which are involved.
In the rural areas which are not connected to a country's power grid it can be used to generate its own power.
The space which a wind turbine takes up on land is very small as the moving parts are quite a distance above the ground.
Wind turbines produce energy with minimal damage to the world’s environment and produces "clean power".
DISADVANTAGES
Some pollutants are indirectly given off into the atmosphere in the creation of a wind turbine.
Wind turbines can be quite noisy.
The wind speed is not constant and therefore there will not always be a definite supply of electricity from a wind turbine.
Large numbers of wind turbines are needed to power towns, as the largest turbine is able to produce electricity to sustain only +/- 500 homes.
Many people feel that wind turbines are unsightly.
Birds are sometimes killed when they fly into the wind turbine blades.

66. What do hydropower, nuclear, wind power, coal power have in common?

67. Geothermal Energy
Geothermal energy is produced by drilling a well into the ground where thermal activity is occurring. Once a well has been identified and a well head attached, the steam is separated from the water, the water is diverted through a turbine engine which turns a generator. Usually the water is injected back into the ground to resupply the geothermal source.

68. Pros & Cons of Geothermal Energy
Pros of Geothermal Energy
generally considered environmentally friendly and does not cause significant amounts of
pollution.
reservoirs are naturally replenished and therefore renewable (it is not possible to deplete the resources).
- great for heating and cooling – even small households can benefit.
- Harnessing geothermal energy does not involve any fuels, which means less cost fluctuations and stable electricity prices.
small footprint on land – can be built partially underground.
Cons of Geothermal Energy
- Geothermal power plants can in extreme cases cause earthquakes.
- heavy upfront costs associated
- very location specific (most resources are simply not cost-competitive).
Geothermal power is only sustainable (renewable) if the reservoirs are properly managed.
pros and cons of geothermal energy 1:29

71. 1. In 2008, what was the #1 source of energy. 2
1. In 2008, what was the #1 source of energy? 2. Which source was used the least? 3. Of the renewable energy used, which type was used the most? The least?

72. The 3 Rs of Conservation:
Coach lesson #9: “Using and Conserving Energy Resources”
The 3 Rs of Conservation:

73. Reduce – Reuse - Recycle
Recycle: Convert (waste) into reusable material.
Example:
Reuse: Use again or more than once.
Reduce: Use a lesser amount.

76. Energy Resources Scavenger Hunt How many of things can you identify that relate to energy? This includes, energy conservation, energy resources, etc.

77. Conservation… what does it mean?
What can humans do to conserve
our natural resources?
How do “population shifts” affect the use of natural resources?
What is the relationship between environmental pollution and energy use?
How does pollution have a “cumulative ecological effect” on the environment?
5. What is the relationship between the “Industrial Revolution” and pollution?

78. Find the resources and conservation (stewardship) practices.

80. on you guys. Don’t let us down.
We’re all depending
on you guys. Don’t let us down.