1. Lesson 32

2. Today’s Agenda The Power of Darkness
Romanticism notes
“The Devil and Tom Walker” pp. 228+
Review skills
Making and Verifying Predictions
Characterization: Direct and Indirect
Omniscient POV
Review setting
Divide up story
Read
Illustrate
Present

3. Today’s Agenda Five minutes to finish up “The Raven” packet
Plot diagram the poem
Effect of sound devices
Characterization
Point of View
Theme

4. The American Short Story
Early America = no place for made-up stories created for entertainment purposes
Elements
Setting
Characters
Point of view
Theme
Plot

5. Plot Diagram Exposition:
Midnight, December, study, gothic, Lenore – his lost love- has died
INCITING INCIDENT
Tapping on the door
RISING ACTION
Discussions with the raven
CLIMAX
Narrator becomes irate and orders the bird to leave
FALLING ACTION
Bird sits and stares
CONCLUSION
Soul be lifted nevermore

6. Sound Devices Alliteration Consonance Assonance Onomatopoeia
What effect do the sound devices have?
Sounds work together to create suspense – build excitement
How different would it be if Poe would have written, “I was falling asleep while I was reading. I was trying to forget about Lenore. Then, I heard a knock on my door. A raven flew in and sat on my door frame…”

7. Characterization Direct Indirect
Explicit statements about a character
Indirect
Character's words and actions
Other characters’ opinions about that character
Characterization can do more than describe the character.
Can give clues about what might happen in the plot
Influence the reader’s view of the character
Add humor or suspense to the story

8. Characterization in “The Raven”
How does Poe create the main character in “The Raven”?
Indirect characterization – narrator seems cray cray. Talks to a bird, at first is happy/hopeful to see him (turn my sadness into smiling) – then he becomes angry and screams for the raven to leave him alone

9. Point of View 1st Omniscient ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
More details/descriptions
DISADVANTAGES
Could be biased
Omniscient
Unlimited knowledge
Can describe any events & emotions
Allows reader to know more characters more deeply
Unbiased character telling the story
May have too much information and it may lessen the suspense

10. Point of View in “The Raven”
What is the point of view?
How did you determine that?
First person

11. Theme What is the THEME of “The Raven”? Big idea – madness Evidence
Theme – Isolation incites

12. “The Devil and Tom Walker” by Washington Irving
First American author to become famous outside of his own country – took traditional European narratives and gave them American settings.
Written in 1800s but set in the late 1700s– as Puritanism was fading and commercialism was on the rise

13. Making and Verifying Predictions
Three steps to success:
Ask yourself what you know about the story and characters and situation; look for descriptions and clues.
Ask yourself what your experiences have taught you about situations and people like those in the story.
Based on what you discovered in steps 1 and 2, ask yourself what you think will happen.

14. “Like most short cuts it was an ill-chosen route.”
What do you predict?
Something bad will happen.
Why?
“ill chosen” = bad
Short cuts usually don’t produce desired results

15. Characterization
Mean Girls- How Do I Even Begin to Explain Regina George - YouTube
Direct
Explicit statements about a character
Indirect
Character's words and actions
Other characters’ opinions about that character
Characterization can do more than describe the character.
Can give clues about what might happen in the plot
Influence the reader’s view of the character
Add humor or suspense to the story

16. Begin Reading What is the setting? Who are the main characters?
Boston, Massachusetts
1727
Who are the main characters?
Tom Walker
His wife
What do we already know about them?
They are miserly.
How do we know this?
Direct characterization
“…they were so miserly that they even conspired to cheat each other.”
Indirect characterization
Through character’s actions
Wife hid things away; grabbed eggs the moment the hen cackled
Tom searched for “common property”
House had an “air of starvation”
Horse was malnourished
Read 2 paragraphs and 1st sentence of 3rd paragraph and then ask first bulleted question
Read rest of 3rd paragraph and ask the rest of the bulleted questions

17. Read and Illustrate and Present
Group 1: pg. 230 “The house and its inmates” to pg. 231“sacrifices to the evil spirit”
Group 2: pg. 231 “Tom Walker, however” to p. 233 “until he totally disappeared”
Group 3: pg. 233 “When Tom reached home” to p. 234 “with an air of surly triumph”
Group 4: pg. 234 “The most current…” to p. 235 “…said the black man”
Group 5: pg. 236 “I’ll do it tomorrow…” to pg. 237 “Tom’s zeal became as notorious…”
Group 6: pg. 237 “Still in spite of…” to pg. 238 “… if I made a farthing”

18. Omniscient POV – check this – are there any questions about POV on the test??????
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Unlimited knowledge
May have too much information and it may lessen the suspense
Can describe any events & emotions
Allows reader to know more characters more deeply
Unbiased character telling the story

19. “The Devil and Tom Walker”
Where does your section fit on the plot diagram?