1. English 11

2. Today’s Agenda 1. Warm-UP 2. Big Idea #3 – The Darker Side of Human Nature 3. “The Devil and Tom Walker” pp. 228+

3. Warm-Up: October 5/8  Which of the following is not a tenet of Transcendentalism? A. The importance of a direct relationship with God B. A conviction to work for social justice C. The need to pursue oneness with nature D. The use of scientific reason as the basis for truth  Thoreau wrote Civil Disobedience in response to what historical event? a. The War of 1812 b. The Civil War c. The Mexican War d. Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

4. The Power of Darkness  Read page 175 silently.

5. Big Idea #3: The Power of Darkness  The Dark Romantics started as a reaction to the Transcendentalists.  Some authors such as Edgar Allan Poe, Nathanial Hawthorne, and Herman Melville were popular writers who in influences people greatly in this era.  Saw the dark and evil side of spiritual truth  Sin, death, madness, guilt, power, evil side of man

6. Growing Pains in America  People started noticing the disparity and injustice between groups.  Beginning of the women’s suffrage movement  Nearing Civil War

7. The American Short Story  Early America = no place for made-up stories created for entertainment purposes  Elements Setting Characters Point of view Theme Plot

8. Washington Irving: (1783-1859)  1 st American author known worldwide  He took traditional European narratives and gave them American settings  He wrote “Rip Van Winkle” and “Legend of Sleepy Hollow”  Born in NYC  Irving’s wife died young at 17. He never remarried.

9. American Short Story

10. Begin Reading  What is the setting? Boston, Massachusetts 1727  Who are the main characters? Tom Walker His wife  What do we already know about them? They are miserly.  How do we know this? Direct characterization ○ “…they were so miserly that they even conspired to cheat each other.” Indirect characterization ○ Through character’s actions Wife hid things away; grabbed eggs the moment the hen cackled Tom searched for “common property” House had an “air of starvation” Horse was malnourished

11. English 11

12. Warm-Up: P2/6  Which of the following is not a tenet of Transcendentalism? A. The importance of a direct relationship with God B. A conviction to work for social justice C. The need to pursue oneness with nature D. The use of scientific reason as the basis for truth  Thoreau wrote Civil Disobedience in response to what historical event? a. The War of 1812 b. The Civil War c. The Mexican War d. Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

13. Warm-Up: Oct. 8/9  What was Thoreau's view on slavery?  (A) Slavery was a necessary evil given the American economy.  (B) Slavery must be preserved because it is protected in the American Constitution.  (C) Slavery is morally desirable because of the inherent inferiority of blacks.  (D) Slavery is a moral evil that should be eliminated.  What was Thoreau's primary act of civil disobedience in his own life?  (A) Public rallies and protests  (B) Refusal to pay taxes  (C) Destruction of public property  (D) All of the above

14. Making and Verifying Predictions  Three steps to success: Ask yourself what you know about the story and characters and situation; look for descriptions and clues. Ask yourself what your experiences have taught you about situations and people like those in the story. Based on what you discovered in steps 1 and 2, ask yourself what you think will happen.

15. “Like most short cuts it was an ill-chosen route.”  What do you predict? Something bad will happen.  Why? “ill chosen” = bad Short cuts usually don’t produce desired results

16. Omniscient POV ADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES Unlimited knowledge Can describe any events & emotions Allows reader to know more characters more deeply Unbiased character telling the story

17. Characterization  Direct Explicit statements about a character  Indirect Character's words and actions Other characters’ opinions about that character  Characterization can do more than describe the character. Can give clues about what might happen in the plot Influence the reader’s view of the character Add humor to the story Add suspense

18. Direct & Indirect Characterization  Direct Characterization: Regina George Direct Characterization: Regina George  Indirect Characterization: The Birds Indirect Characterization: The Birds

19. Read and Illustrate and Present  Group 1: pg. 230 “The house and its inmates” to pg. 231“sacrifices to the evil spirit”  Group 2: pg. 231 “Tom Walker, however” to p. 233 “until he totally disappeared”  Group 3: pg. 233 “When Tom reached home” to p. 234 “with an air of surly triumph”  Group 4: pg. 234 “The most current…” to p. 235 “…said the black man”  Group 5: pg. 236 “I’ll do it tomorrow…” to pg. 237 “Tom’s zeal became as notorious…”  Group 6: pg. 237 “Still in spite of…” to pg. 238 “… if I made a farthing”

20. Illustrate  Read your assigned paragraph(s). Illustrate the action.

21. Vocabulary in Context