1. Hydrology The Study of Water by Christine Taylor-Butler

2. Which one is true? 1. Windmills were once used to control floodwater. 2.Hoover Dam is located in the Grand Canyon. Read the book to find the answer!

3. Look over the table of contents to check out what interesting information is in this book!

6. What is the study of water on Earth? Scientists who study water on Earth are called _______________________. Name a specific job a hydrologist might do.

8. Why would a hydrologist design a dam? Hydrologists help farmers water their crops through ____________________. Why is it important to make sure fertilizers and pesticides used on crops don’t flow into lakes and streams?

11. Levees, dikes, and canals are built to protect towns and farmland.

14. As far back as 321 BC water has been brought into cities. What did the Romans use to bring water into their cities? If water needed to travel uphill engineers used _____________________. The ancient Greeks learned how to use water to produce energy by using ___________________. Modern scientists use water power to create ______________ forms of energy.

19. What are the five parts of the hydrologic cycle (water cycle)? What is the difference between evaporation and condensation? Where does the water collect after precipitation? (more than one answer)

20. Do you know where your freshwater comes from?

21. This is a map of wells that are drawing water from the Ogallala aquifer. So most of the water that comes to your home comes from underground.

25. Water has three properties. What are they? What is the chemical formula for water? Why can liquid water take the shape of any container? Water becomes a gas vapor when the temperature reaches __________________. Water molecules turn to a solid state (ice) at what temperature? Does pure water have a taste? Why does the water you drink have a taste? How does water act as a solvent?

28. Hydrologists are always trying to prevent flooding. What have they done in Venice, Italy to help keep the area from flooding? Hydrologists also want to use water as a source for renewable energy. They use turbines which spin like ________________ to create energy.

30. In some nations, such as Africa, water is to far away or contaminated. What are hydrologists doing to help solve this problem? https://thewaterproject.org/why-water/povertyhttps://thewaterproject.org/why-water/poverty Info on one water project that is helping solve the water problem in Africa and how you could help too! ACCESS TO CLEAN WATER IMPROVES... Education When students are freed from gathering water, they return to class. With proper and safe latrines, girls stay in school through their teenage years. Hunger Access to water leads to food security. With less crop loss, hunger is reduced. Schools can feed students with gardens, reducing costs. Health Safe water, clean hands, healthy bodies. Time lost to sickness is reduced and people can get back to the work of lifting themselves out of poverty. Poverty Access to water can break the cycle of poverty. The communities we serve are ready to grow. We can't wait to see how they choose to do it.

32. Vocabulary hydrology – the study of water hydrologists – scientists who study water conserve – save runoff – rain that flows downstream from mountains or other places dams – a barrier to hold back rivers and to capture water irrigation – the watering of land for farming levees – embankment to hold back water dikes – long wall or embankment to hold back water aqueduct - bridge-like system built to move water from one location to another siphons - a closed pipe used to move water from downhill to uphill hydrologic cycle – water cycle evaporation – when the Sun turns Earth’s liquid water into water vapor transpiration – when water stored inside the plant evaporates through the leaves humidity – the measure of how much water vapor is in the air condensation – when water vapor turns into liquid droplets precipitation – falling rain, snow, sleet or hail from the clouds aquifers – water that collects underground in permeable rock water – H2O two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom solvent – water can seep into objects and dissolve them

33. Enrichment Activities Create a mural of the hydrologic cycle. Bring in water from a pond. Have students look at ways to filter the water. (use a funnel and coffee filters to filter water). Although they may get the water to look much better, why wouldn’t they want to drink it? Have the students’ research water facts and make a water fact booklet. http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/sciencefacts/water.html https://www3.epa.gov/safewater/kids/waterfactsoflife.html Call the city manager and ask about the water supply for your town. Generate a list of questions from the entire class and then facetime or use speaker phone as the students ask the questions. Set up a schoolwide fund to help with the water project. https://thewaterproject.org/why-water/poverty Do a science experiment to show the water cycle. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rwFK5_Viqo CC Standards 4 th – renewable energy, the water cycle and weather 5 th – matter/properties, energy, and molecules