1. Guiding Questions: What kinds of literature are considered traditional? What is storytelling and what value does it provide? How do teachers use traditional literature in the classroom?  This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: –any public performance or display including transmission of any image over a network; –preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; –any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.1

2. Takes readers to times before recorded history and to all parts of the world Helps readers understand the world and the universality of the human struggle Allows readers to speculate about their beginnings and to explore heroes from the past Is both universal and ancient Emerged from oral storytelling Takes on traits from the culture of the country of its origin Is enjoyable Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.2

3. Folktales Cumulative tales Sequential tales, repeats actions and words. The Gingerbread Man, Henny Penny Humorous tales Absurd situations, people laughing at selves, human foolishness Beast tales Act like humans, Coyote is popular in Native American tales and the fox and wolf are popular in European tales Magic and wonder tales Transformation tales Pourquoi tales Why tales, to answer a question or explain how animals, plants or human where created and why they have certain characteristics Realistic tales Have realistic plots and involve people who exist, but happenings are exaggerated Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.3

4.  Moral lessons or satirize human conduct  Animals have human characteristics  The Tortoise and the Hare  Aesop’s Fables  The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse

5.  Account for origin of the world and humans for everyday natural phenomena  Main characters can be animals, deities, or humans  Actions can take place in another world ◦ Greek and Roman mythology ◦ Norse mythology ◦ Native American myths

6.  Discuss the historical facts of human wars and migrations, brave deeds and royalty  Robin Hood  The Odyssey  St George and the Dragon

7. One can overcome social inequality to attain a better way of life One can overcome horrible adversaries with cunning and bravery Good overcomes evil Justice triumphs Unselfish love conquers Intelligence wins out over physical strength Kindness, diligence, and hard work bring rewards Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.4

8. Supernatural adversaries Supernatural helpers Extraordinary animals Deceitful or ferocious beasts Magic objects, powers, and transformations Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.5

9. The same stories emerged from many countries and cultures over time Each social class and culture retold the stories in ways that reflected their own culture and environment Over time, the tales became very different from the originals Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.6

10. Storytelling Using feltboards Comparing folktales from different countries Comparing different versions of the same tale Investigating themes and motifs from tales Investigating folktales from a single country Writing traditional tales Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.7