1. 6 Kingdoms of Life What is life? How are all living things organized?

2. Characteristics of Life must meet ALL to be living 1. Made up of 1 or more cells 2. Metabolism 3. Excretion / Homeostasis 4. Movement 5. Contains Genetic material 6. Reproduction 7. Growth and Development 8. Response to Environment / Adapt 9. Evolve Did you include all these in your engage answer about the man?

3. organism #1organism #2organism #3 organism #4 organism #5organism #6 KingdomArcheabacteriaEubacteriaProtistaFungusPlantaeAnimalia PhylumCrenarchaeotaChlamydiaeSarcodina Basidiomycota AnthophytaChordata ClassThermoproteiChlamydiaeTubulinea Agaricomycetes DicotyledonesMammalia OrderAcidilobalesChlamydialesTubulinidaAgaricalesFagalesCarnivora FamilyCaldisphaeraceaeChlamydiaceaeAmoebidae Amanitace ae FagaceaeCanidae GenusCaldisphaeraChlamydiaChaosAmanitaQuercusCanis Speciesdracosistrachomatischaosmuscariarubrafamiliaris Scientists use characteristics specific for each Kingdom to organize organisms. Using this organization, you should be able to make some generalizations based on what you know about taxonomic levels. In particular, the more levels of classification that two or more organisms share, the more similar they will be. How do scientists organize living things?

4. Domain EubacteriaArchaebac teria Eukarya Kingdom Type of cell Multi or Unicellular Cell wall type Cell structures Mode of nutrition Genetic material Type of environment Copy this table. Use slides to fill in information.

5. Prokaryotes DO NOT HAVE: a membrane bound nucleus any membrane bound organelles

6. Prokaryotes DO HAVE: DNA Ribosomes Cytoplasm Cell membrane

8. Eukaryotes DO HAVE: separate membrane bound nucleus other organelles

10. 2. Cell # - Whether the organisms exist as single cells or as many cells Unicellular- single celled organism Multicellular- many celled organism

11. UnicellularMulticellular

12. 3. Feeding Type - How the organisms get their food –Autotroph or Producer Makes it’s own food –Heterotroph or Consumer Must eat other organisms to survive

13. There used to be only 5 kingdoms 1. Moneran 2. Protista 3. Fungi 4. Plantae 5. Animalia This kingdom has now been divided into 2 – archaebacteria & eubacteria

14. Archaea and Eubacteria Archaea and Eubacteria  unicellular  prokaryotes (no nucleus)  no membrane-bound organelles Eukarya Eukarya  more complex  most are multicellular, some unicellular  eukaryotes (have nucleus)  membrane-bound organelles 3 Domains – copy this not in table 3 Domains – copy this not in table

15. 6 Kingdoms Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

16. live in extremely harsh environments and may represent the first cells to have evolved Sewage treatment plants, thermal vents, etc. extreme environments HOT,Acidic,Salty,Anaerobic Archaebacteria Unicellular no nucleus 1 circular chromosome Make own food using H 2, S or CO 2 Use the following slide to fill in table.

17. Eubacteria some cause human diseases present in almost all habitats on earth Live in the intestines of animals Unicellular No nucleus Cell wall made up of peptidoglycan 1 Circular chromosome, no nucleus Many bacteria are important environmentally and commercially. Some are autotrophic but most are heterotrophs

18. Protista Have DNA inside nucleus Have DNA inside nucleus All live in marine or freshwater All live in marine or freshwater Most are unicellular Most are unicellular Few are multicellular Few are multicellular Some are autotrophic, others are heterotrophic Some are autotrophic, others are heterotrophic 3 groups 3 groups  Animal-like  Plant-like  Fungus-like Plant like protists (autotrophic, cellulose cell walls) Animal like protists (heterotrophic) Fungus like protists (absorbtive heterotrophs)

19. Fungus DNA inside nucleus DNA inside nucleus Multicellular, except yeast Multicellular, except yeast Absorptive heterotrophs (digest food outside their body & then absorb it) Absorptive heterotrophs (digest food outside their body & then absorb it) Cell walls made of chitin Cell walls made of chitin Found in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments Found in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments

20. Plantae DNA inside nucleus DNA inside nucleus All Multicellular All Multicellular All Autotrophic All Autotrophic use sunlight to make glucose – Photosynthesis use sunlight to make glucose – Photosynthesis Cell walls made of cellulose Cell walls made of cellulose

21. Animalia DNA inside nucleus DNA inside nucleus Multicellular Multicellular No cell walls No cell walls Ingestive heterotrophs (consume food & digest it inside their bodies) Ingestive heterotrophs (consume food & digest it inside their bodies) Feed on plants or animals Feed on plants or animals

22. Viruses- copy this not in table Viruses are much smaller than bacteria. They are not an ancient life form. Viruses are virulent. They cause diseases like the flu or chicken pox. Most biologists agree that viruses are not alive. Viruses do not move, grow, or carry out respiration. Viruses need living host cells to reproduce.

25. Make a Dichotomous Key for Kingdoms 1a. Nucleus absent…go to 2 1b. Nucleus present…go to 2a. Lives in extreme environment…Archeabacteria 2b. Lives throughout earth…..Eubacteria 3a. 3b.. Organize the organisms in the pictures Use general characteristics in your notes

29. Matching Game All living things share characteristics. Match the squares to show your understanding of living things.

30. Taking in foodUsing energy (ATP) to grow, develop and repair cells ProkaryotePhotosynthesis Organism that uses sunlight or inorganic molecules to make own food Metabolic process for making glucose MetabolismDigestion Cell with DNA but no nucleus or any membrane bound organelle Action, movement or change in behavior caused by stimulus that help organism survive Response / Adapt Ingestion Process by which food is broken down into simpler substances Process of getting rid of waste materials ExcretionAutotroph

31. Smallest unit of all living things Process by which group of organisms change through time based on their adaptations EukaryoteGrow and Develop Cell with DNA inside nucleus and other membrane bound organelles Genetic material with organisms trait information MulticellularUnicellular Ability to move around environment or transport substances inside body To increase in size and complexity EvolveCells Made up of 1 cellMade up of many cells DNA/RNAMovement

32. Organisms that digest food outside their bodies then absorb (ingest) molecules -fungi The science of classification of living things. HeterotrophRespiration Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species A series of two characteristics given to identify organisms. ribosomeVirus A small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms Metabolic process of using oxygen and glucose to make ATP TaxonomyTaxonomic levels Organism that ingests organic molecules as food Non membrane bound organelle used to make proteins Absorbtive heterotroph Dichotomous Key

33. DomainEubacteriaArchaebac teria Eukarya Kingdom EubacteriaArchaebacteriaProtistaFungiPlantaeAnimalia Type of cell Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Multi or Unicellular UniuniSome Uni Some Multi Multi Few uni Multimulti Cell wall type peptidoglycanNo peptidoglycan cellulosechitincellulosenone Cell structures capsule Ribosomes Pili Flagella No nucleus capsule Ribosomes Pili Flagella No nucleus Chloroplast Cilia Flagella ribosomes Nucleus Membrane bound organelles Hyphae mycellium Septum ribosomes Many nuclei Membrane bound organelles Chloroplast mitochondria Large vacuole ribosomes membrane bound organelles ribosomes Mitochondria Nucleus Membrane bound organelles centrioles Mode of nutrition Autotroph or heterotroph Autotroph (H 2, S, CO 2 ) Autotroph or heterotroph absorbtive heterotroph (digest externally) AutotrophHeterotroph (digest internally) Genetic material Circular DNA 1 chromosome Circular DNA 1 chromosome Linear DNA Many chromosomes Linear DNA Many chromosomes Linear DNA Many chromosomes Linear DNA Many chromosomes Type of environment Through out earth, on and inside other living organisms extremely Salty, Hot, Acid, Anaerobic Marine freshwater Marine Freshwater Terrestrial Freshwater Terrestrial Marine Freshwater Terrestrial