1. 1 Drama Unit Learning Targets I can analyze the development of a theme over the course of a text. I can analyze the development of a theme over the course of a text. I can analyze how a drama’s form or structure contributes to its meaning. I can analyze how a drama’s form or structure contributes to its meaning. I can compare and contrast a written drama to its audio, filmed, or staged version, analyzing the effects of techniques unique to each medium. I can compare and contrast a written drama to its audio, filmed, or staged version, analyzing the effects of techniques unique to each medium. I can determine the meanings of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings. I can determine the meanings of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative and connotative meanings. I can cite several pieces of textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. I can cite several pieces of textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text. 1

2. 2 Clockwork Yesterday, you received your Spring STAR and SRI scores. Based on this new data, please reflect on the following: 1. At which level am I scoring? (Distinguished, Proficient, Apprentice, Novice) How do I feel about this performance and my progress this year? 2. What specific skills/learning targets do I feel I should focus on during these next few weeks? What tools do I have available to help me that I plan to use? Set some goals for this. 2

3. 3 Elements of Drama 1. Go to my website. 2. View the keynote posted on today’s assignments to complete the graphic organizer. 3. Complete the Word Wall addition you are assigned. 4. Practice Vocabulary with a partner. 3

4. The Elements of Drama

5. 5 Dramatic Mediums Drama can be presented in 4 different methods. These are called MEDIUMS. Each MEDIUM has different dramatic TECHNIQUES associated with it (which we will discuss later). Audio (verbal presentation only, such as Radio Plays) Audio (verbal presentation only, such as Radio Plays) Written (reading the actual script without performing it) Written (reading the actual script without performing it) Stage (plays that are performed live) Stage (plays that are performed live) Film (movies, TV, etc.) Film (movies, TV, etc.)

6. Who’s Who? Playwright-the author of a play Screenwriter- the author of a TV or movie script Actors-the people who perform the play or script

7. Parts of a Drama ACTS are the large chunks of action in a drama. SCENES are smaller chunks of events, usually grouped by setting Helps the reader understand when and how the setting of the drama changes AND how the plot is developing throughout the drama NOTE: A drama can have several or just a few Acts & Scenes. Each act may have a different number of scenes.

8. 8 Literary Elements Character- person portrayed in a drama, novel, or other artistic piece. -The who, when, where and what of the play. Conflict- internal or external struggle between opposing forces, ideas, or interests that create dramatic tension. Suspense- feeling of uncertainty as to the outcome, used to build interest and excitement on the part of the audience. Theme- the life lesson learned from the dramatic text. 8

9. Dramatic Structures

10. 10 Dramatic Structures Dramatic structures are the different ways of organizing the events and details in a drama. They help a reader understand important information such as plot events characters and their relationships to one another what details are most important in the drama setting 10

11. Stage Directions directions found in parentheses and italics for the actors, the director, and the stage crew NOTE: YOU CAN’T SKIP STAGE DIRECTIONS when reading silently.

12. Function of Stage Directions To describe how characters speak and behave To describe scenery and props

13. 13 Scenery Construction on the stage that creates setting

14. 14 Function of Scenery Allows the author to create a sense of the setting (time and place) for the audience. 14

15. Props Small movable items that the actors use

16. Function of Props to make character’s actions look real; contributes to setting

17. Dramatic Speech Dialogue is the conversations between or among characters. Dialogue is one of the main structures used in a drama

18. Monologue A speech given by one character NOTE: Monologues can be delivered inside a dialogue with other characters.

19. 19 Function of Dialogue & Monologues Brings characters to life by revealing their personalities and by showing what they are thinking and feeling as they react to other characters.

20. 20 The IncrediblesThe Incredibles This clip from the movie The Incredibles features a monologue delivered by the villain, Syndrome. Listen as he reveals his motivations for his evil actions. FYI--many times writers use monologues toward the end of the movie to give a villain the opportunity to discuss his/her evil plans.

21. 21 Finding NemoFinding Nemo This dialogue from the movie Finding Nemo reveals a lot about the personalities of Nemo and his dad, and also reveals a lot about their relationship.

22. Characteristics of Drama

23. 23 Two Types of Dramatic Elements 1. Performance Elements : the way that actors present characters and make them believable to the audience 2. Technical Elements: the special effects added to a drama to... *create a mood for the audience *to reveal special information about characters *to make action and storylines believable *to create a sense of setting. 23

24. 24 Performance Elements Verbal expression: Breath control: controlling breath during speaking by breathing at appropriate punctuation marks (comma, period, etc.). Breath control: controlling breath during speaking by breathing at appropriate punctuation marks (comma, period, etc.). Vocal expression: how an actor uses his or her voice to convey character Vocal expression: how an actor uses his or her voice to convey character Inflection: change in pitch or tone of the voice. Inflection: change in pitch or tone of the voice. Projection: how well the voice carries to the audience Projection: how well the voice carries to the audience Diction: selection and pronunciation of words; clarity of speech. Diction: selection and pronunciation of words; clarity of speech. 24

25. 25 Performance Elements Nonverbal expression: Gestures any movement of the actor’s head, shoulder, arm, hand, leg, or foot to convey meaning Gestures any movement of the actor’s head, shoulder, arm, hand, leg, or foot to convey meaning Facial expression physical and vocal aspects used by an actor to convey mood, feeling, or personality Facial expression physical and vocal aspects used by an actor to convey mood, feeling, or personality Movement stage blocking or the movements of the actors onstage during performance Movement stage blocking or the movements of the actors onstage during performance The Artist Watch this clip from 2011’s The Artist, which won the Academy Award for Best Film. This is a silent film, so nonverbal expression is EXTREMELY important. In this scene, George and his wife are having breakfast. She sees a picture in the newspaper where George has been photographed with another woman (an up and coming actress). As you watch, pay attention to the actors’ nonverbal expression. What can you infer about the characters’ feelings toward one another? The Artist Watch this clip from 2011’s The Artist, which won the Academy Award for Best Film. This is a silent film, so nonverbal expression is EXTREMELY important. In this scene, George and his wife are having breakfast. She sees a picture in the newspaper where George has been photographed with another woman (an up and coming actress). As you watch, pay attention to the actors’ nonverbal expression. What can you infer about the characters’ feelings toward one another? The Artist The Artist 25

26. 26 The Artist Watch this clip from 2011’s The Artist, which won the Academy Award for Best Film. This is a silent film, so nonverbal expression is EXTREMELY important. In this scene, George and his wife are having breakfast. She sees a picture in the newspaper where George has been photographed with another woman (an up and coming actress). As you watch, pay attention to the actors’ nonverbal expression. What can you infer about the characters’ feelings toward one another? The Artist Watch this clip from 2011’s The Artist, which won the Academy Award for Best Film. This is a silent film, so nonverbal expression is EXTREMELY important. In this scene, George and his wife are having breakfast. She sees a picture in the newspaper where George has been photographed with another woman (an up and coming actress). As you watch, pay attention to the actors’ nonverbal expression. What can you infer about the characters’ feelings toward one another? The Artist The Artist

27. 27 Sound Effects (various sounds associated with the setting, characters’ actions, etc. to make actions realistic) Sound Effects (various sounds associated with the setting, characters’ actions, etc. to make actions realistic) Costumes (clothes and accessories worn by actors to convey characters’ personalities and to convey setting) Costumes (clothes and accessories worn by actors to convey characters’ personalities and to convey setting) Props (make actions realistic; contribute to setting) Props (make actions realistic; contribute to setting) Lighting (shadows, colored lights, bright lights, etc. can create moods, indicate setting, and describe characters) Lighting (shadows, colored lights, bright lights, etc. can create moods, indicate setting, and describe characters) Camera Angles (close-ups versus wide shots versus mid-shots) Camera Angles (close-ups versus wide shots versus mid-shots) Music (used to enhance and create moods for viewers) Music (used to enhance and create moods for viewers) Film Editing (the way scenes are presented on film) Film Editing (the way scenes are presented on film) * abrupt and fast transitions between scenes can create suspense or anxiety * slow transitions can be calming * sometimes multiple scenes may be shown simultaneously Toy Story Notice how this clip from Toy Story uses close-ups, wide shots, camera angles from Woody’s perspective, and camera angles from Sid’s perspective. This builds suspense and helps you as a viewer understand the story from multiple points-of-view. Toy Story Notice how this clip from Toy Story uses close-ups, wide shots, camera angles from Woody’s perspective, and camera angles from Sid’s perspective. This builds suspense and helps you as a viewer understand the story from multiple points-of-view. Toy Story Toy Story 27 Technical Elements:

28. 28 Below are the 4 methods of presenting drama we discussed earlier. Each dramatic MEDIUM has different dramatic TECHNIQUES associated with it. Audio performance elements: actors’ verbal expression performance elements: actors’ verbal expression technical elements: presence or absence of sound effects and music technical elements: presence or absence of sound effects and musicWritten stage directions (to indicate the performance and technical elements that should be used) stage directions (to indicate the performance and technical elements that should be used)Stage performance elements: actors’ verbal and non-verbal expression performance elements: actors’ verbal and non-verbal expression technical elements: sound effects, music, props, costumes, and lighting technical elements: sound effects, music, props, costumes, and lightingFilm performance elements: actors’ verbal and non-verbal expression performance elements: actors’ verbal and non-verbal expression technical elements: sound effects, music, props, costumes, camera angles, scene transitions, scene selections, and lighting technical elements: sound effects, music, props, costumes, camera angles, scene transitions, scene selections, and lighting 28 Medium Techniques