1. 新编英语教程 4 For your promising future

2. Unit Ten

3. Objectives 1. to learn how to write persuasively 1. to learn how to write persuasively 2. to grasp the usage of parallelism 2. to grasp the usage of parallelism 3. to try using words such as comprise, compose and confront 3. to try using words such as comprise, compose and confront

4. Teaching Tasks and Process I. Pre reading questions I. Pre reading questions

5. composer: a person who writes music composer: a person who writes music interpreter: a person who performs musical compositions, e.g., pianist, violinist, cellist, or a conductor of a symphony orchestra interpreter: a person who performs musical compositions, e.g., pianist, violinist, cellist, or a conductor of a symphony orchestra listener: a person who listens to music listener: a person who listens to music The relationship among the three is clearly stated in the text, but before they read the text, let the students think about and discuss the title a little. The relationship among the three is clearly stated in the text, but before they read the text, let the students think about and discuss the title a little.

8. II Background Information I think its important that jazz is part of American culture. Its particularly most important to African American culture. You can't separate jazz from the struggle of African Americans. Those musicians lived through inequality. The freedom in jazz is the freedom in them. Its the freedom in everybody. Jazz itself is a success story told through it own invention. I also agree too regarding not caring if jazz was from Finland or any other place. Its just great music. I think its important that jazz is part of American culture. Its particularly most important to African American culture. You can't separate jazz from the struggle of African Americans. Those musicians lived through inequality. The freedom in jazz is the freedom in them. Its the freedom in everybody. Jazz itself is a success story told through it own invention. I also agree too regarding not caring if jazz was from Finland or any other place. Its just great music.

9. III Language points 1. … we shall discover that it is really made up of two distinct elements — the personality with which he was born and the influences of the time in which he lives. 1. … we shall discover that it is really made up of two distinct elements — the personality with which he was born and the influences of the time in which he lives. be made up of — be formed of; consist of be made up of — be formed of; consist of More examples: More examples: Every tissue in the human body is made up of cells. Every tissue in the human body is made up of cells. All matter is made up of small molecules ( 分子 ). All matter is made up of small molecules ( 分子 ). … the personality with which he was born and the influences of the time in which he lives — In restrictive relative clauses when the relative pronoun which is used with a preposition, the preposition must be expressed and it usually precedes which. … the personality with which he was born and the influences of the time in which he lives — In restrictive relative clauses when the relative pronoun which is used with a preposition, the preposition must be expressed and it usually precedes which.

10. More examples: More examples: The table under which the boy crawled is made of stone. The table under which the boy crawled is made of stone. This was the meeting during which I kept feeling excited. This was the meeting during which I kept feeling excited. That was the time at which he arrived. That was the time at which he arrived. He will be assigned to work in the place from which he came. He will be assigned to work in the place from which he came.

11. 2. If it is essential for the listener to understand the question of musical style as applied to a composer ’ s work, it is even more so for the interpreter. 2. If it is essential for the listener to understand the question of musical style as applied to a composer ’ s work, it is even more so for the interpreter. as applied to — as it is applied to; as it applies to as applied to — as it is applied to; as it applies to apply to — have reference to; concern; be directly related to apply to — have reference to; concern; be directly related to More examples: More examples: English grammatical rules cannot be applied unthinkingly to sentences because there are always exceptions. English grammatical rules cannot be applied unthinkingly to sentences because there are always exceptions. The American doctors ’ recommendations on limiting intake of sodium and alcohol can apply to the patients of cardiovascular disease ( 心血管病 ) and liver trouble in China as well. The American doctors ’ recommendations on limiting intake of sodium and alcohol can apply to the patients of cardiovascular disease ( 心血管病 ) and liver trouble in China as well.

12. 3. … a technical equipment that is more than sufficient for … 3. … a technical equipment that is more than sufficient for … more than — over what you might expect; very. Examples: more than — over what you might expect; very. Examples: They were more than willing to help out when they learnt that we were short of labour power. They were more than willing to help out when they learnt that we were short of labour power. Shaka was more than upset by his mother ’ s death. Shaka was more than upset by his mother ’ s death.

13. 4. Because of that, the interpreter is forever confronted with the problem of … 4. Because of that, the interpreter is forever confronted with the problem of … be confronted with — be brought face to face with; be or come face to face with (the necessity to solve something) be confronted with — be brought face to face with; be or come face to face with (the necessity to solve something) More examples: More examples: We are anxious to know what Kino may be confronted with in the offices of the pearl buyers. We are anxious to know what Kino may be confronted with in the offices of the pearl buyers. The Chinese Exploration Team seemed to be confronted with insurmountable difficulties and hardships at first, but they returned home successful and triumphant. The Chinese Exploration Team seemed to be confronted with insurmountable difficulties and hardships at first, but they returned home successful and triumphant.

14. 5. They have also been known to change their opinions in regard to their own indications of tempo or dynamics. 5. They have also been known to change their opinions in regard to their own indications of tempo or dynamics. in regard to — with regard to, with respect to, concerning in regard to — with regard to, with respect to, concerning More examples: More examples: There is always room for improvement in regard to our English teaching programme. There is always room for improvement in regard to our English teaching programme. In regard to the future of the city, it is vital for it to shift its emphasis from industry to the service trade. In regard to the future of the city, it is vital for it to shift its emphasis from industry to the service trade.

15. 6. That is why it is capable of being seen in a different light. 6. That is why it is capable of being seen in a different light. In a different light — in a different way In a different light — in a different way More examples: More examples: Her case seems much more favourable, presented in this different light. Her case seems much more favourable, presented in this different light. It is not at all surprising that people from different backgrounds see happiness in a totally different light. It is not at all surprising that people from different backgrounds see happiness in a totally different light.

16. 7. The combined efforts of the composer and interpreter have meaning only in so far as they go out to an intelligent body of hearers. 7. The combined efforts of the composer and interpreter have meaning only in so far as they go out to an intelligent body of hearers. In so far as — to the extent that, to the point that, as far as In so far as — to the extent that, to the point that, as far as This phrase is used as a conjunction. This phrase is used as a conjunction. More examples: More examples: You will have a good working knowledge of English only in so far as you practise frequently. You will have a good working knowledge of English only in so far as you practise frequently. An individual can win the people ’ s respect only in so far as he or she is willing to serve them whole-heartedly. An individual can win the people ’ s respect only in so far as he or she is willing to serve them whole-heartedly.

17. 8. That bespeaks a responsibility on the part of the hearers. 8. That bespeaks a responsibility on the part of the hearers. on the part of — of (somebody) on the part of — of (somebody) More examples: More examples: If we can bring into full play the initiative and perseverance on the part of the students, we ’ ll make our English study a pleasure and English lessons a source of enjoyment. If we can bring into full play the initiative and perseverance on the part of the students, we ’ ll make our English study a pleasure and English lessons a source of enjoyment. It can be negligence on the part of the translator if he can ’ t make make the original understood. It can be negligence on the part of the translator if he can ’ t make make the original understood.

18. 9. To lend oneself completely inevitably means, for one thing, the broadening of one ’ s taste. 9. To lend oneself completely inevitably means, for one thing, the broadening of one ’ s taste. for one thing — for one of several things, for one in a list of things. (This phrase is used to introduce a reason.) for one thing — for one of several things, for one in a list of things. (This phrase is used to introduce a reason.) More examples: More examples: The director said, “ You failed this time, for one thing, you were overcome by stage fright. ” The director said, “ You failed this time, for one thing, you were overcome by stage fright. ” The house is very much to my satisfaction, for one thing, it is quiet, and for another, the shopping center is within walking distance. The house is very much to my satisfaction, for one thing, it is quiet, and for another, the shopping center is within walking distance.

19. 10. Take seriously your responsibility as listener. Listener here is not preceded by an indefinite article; it indicates the generic meaning of any listener or listeners in general. 10. Take seriously your responsibility as listener. Listener here is not preceded by an indefinite article; it indicates the generic meaning of any listener or listeners in general. Cf.: No composer can write into his music a value that he does not possess as a man. Cf.: No composer can write into his music a value that he does not possess as a man. Man here is preceded by an indefinite article to refer to an individual person, i.e., the composer, in this context. Man here is preceded by an indefinite article to refer to an individual person, i.e., the composer, in this context.

20. Discussion/Exercises Free discussion Free discussion Music I Like and Dislike Music I Like and Dislike Since the corresponding part of SB has given some notes about different categories of music, it should not be necessary to give more information. Let the students express their own views. Since the corresponding part of SB has given some notes about different categories of music, it should not be necessary to give more information. Let the students express their own views.

23. Assignments Sentence appreciation Sentence appreciation Hanover Square 追忆似水年华 Hanover Square 追忆似水年华 Can it really be sixty-two years ago that I first saw you? It is truly a lifetime, I know. But as I gaze into your eyes now, it seems like only yesterday that I first saw you, in that small caf é in Hanover Square. From the moment I saw you smile, as you opened the door for that young mother and her newborn baby. I knew. I knew that I wanted to share the rest of my life with you. Can it really be sixty-two years ago that I first saw you? It is truly a lifetime, I know. But as I gaze into your eyes now, it seems like only yesterday that I first saw you, in that small caf é in Hanover Square. From the moment I saw you smile, as you opened the door for that young mother and her newborn baby. I knew. I knew that I wanted to share the rest of my life with you.

24. I still think of how foolish I must have looked, as I gazed at you, that first time. I remember watching you intently, as you took off your hat and loosely shook your short dark hair with your fingers. I felt myself becoming immersed in your every detail, as you placed your hat on the table and cupped your hands around the hot cup of tea, gently blowing the steam away with your pouted lips. From that moment, everything seemed to make perfect sense to me. The people in the caf é and the busy street outside all disappeared into a hazy blur. All I could see was you. I still think of how foolish I must have looked, as I gazed at you, that first time. I remember watching you intently, as you took off your hat and loosely shook your short dark hair with your fingers. I felt myself becoming immersed in your every detail, as you placed your hat on the table and cupped your hands around the hot cup of tea, gently blowing the steam away with your pouted lips. From that moment, everything seemed to make perfect sense to me. The people in the caf é and the busy street outside all disappeared into a hazy blur. All I could see was you.

25. All through my life I have relived that very first day. Many, many times I have sat and thought about that the first day, and how for a few fleeting moments I am there, feeling again what is like to know true love for the very first time. It pleases me that I can still have those feelings now after all those years, and I know I will always have them to comfort me. All through my life I have relived that very first day. Many, many times I have sat and thought about that the first day, and how for a few fleeting moments I am there, feeling again what is like to know true love for the very first time. It pleases me that I can still have those feelings now after all those years, and I know I will always have them to comfort me.