1. SELF INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE

2. DEFINITION SELF – INSTRUCTION
Self instruction is a method used by the teacher to provide or design instructional activities that guide the learner in independently achieving the objectives of learning. Self instruction is defined as self contained instructional activities that allows learner to progress by themselves on their own pace.

3. Cont…..
MODULE
It is a learning package for achieving pre – specified objectives; a module is self contained & includes the instructional material necessary for the learning of a specific unit or topic & leading to next module.
SELF LEARNING MATERIAL
Any learning resource that can be used by a learner without the presence of the teacher, this does not include learning from other learners.

4. SELF INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
Self instructional module usually focuses on one topic, & the hallmark of this format is independent study.
The self instructional method is effective for learning in the cognitive and psychomotor domains where the goal is to master information & apply it to practice.
Self instructional method can also be an effective for introducing principles and step by step guidelines prior to demonstration of psychomotor skills.

5. Self instruction modules
Comes in a variety of forms including but not limited to workbooks, study guides, work stations, videotapes, internet modules and computer programmes.
They are specifically designed to be used independently. The teacher serves as a facilitator, resource person to provide motivation and reinforcement for learning.
This method requires less teacher time to ‘give’ information and each session with the leaner is intended to meet individual needs.

6. ELEMENTS OF SELF INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
An introduction & statements of purpose.
A list of pre-requisites skills that the learner needs to have to use the module.
A list of behavioral objectives which are clear & measurable statements.
A preset to learner needs to proceed with the module.
An identification of resources and learning activities which specifies the equipments needed.
Provide self assessment which provides feedback to the learner throughout the module.
A post test to evaluate the learner’s level of mastery in achieving the objectives.

7. CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF LEARNING MODULE
Self Explanatory
Self Contained
Self Directional
Self Evaluation
Self Learning
- Human contact.
- Audio video cassette
- Educational telecast
- Newsletter.

8. ADVANTAGES
The learner can study at home without undue disruption of work at his/ her own time & space.
Modules can be made readily accessible to learner along with any resources that are needed to complete the self study programs.
There is advantage of self pacing , active learning & the chance to review & reflect on information.
The ability to get frequent feedback.

9. ADVANTAGES ( Cont…)
Self instructional module represents an attractive alternative to traditional classroom.
Self instructional modules are excellent choice for annual training updates in selected topics or skills that require periodic review to determine competency.
Using self instructional module is an economical process.
The self contained unit provides a comprehensive coverage of a given topic.

10. LIMITATIONS OF SELF LEARNING MODULE AND STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME
Independent study requires adjustment to a new learning style and high level of motivation and self discipline on the part of the learner.
There is minimum teacher learner interaction.
Language problem may arise when the emphasis is on written materials only.
Whether the learner will continue in the self learning module program or not will depend on the efficiency of the system for distributing learning materials and feedback to learners on their performance.

11. PROCESS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF INSTRUCTIONAL MODULES
1. Preparatory phase.
2. Implementation phase.
- Preparation.
- Production.
- Dissemination.
- Assessment.
- Monitoring of activities.
3. Evaluation phase.

12. 1. PREPARATORY PHASE
This phase is concerned with the collection, analysis and interpretation of data on three areas:
Health policies, plans and priorities
Target groups for continuing education
Learning needs & interest
Learning Resources

13. 2. IMPLEMENTATION PHASE Programme definition.
Preparation of self learning modules.
Production of self learning modules.
Dissemination .
Utilization of self learning modules.

14. 3. EVALUATION PHASE Input evaluation. Process evaluation.
Production evaluation .
Impact evaluation.

15. Target group/ Learners
Preparation of materials
Production of materials I N P U T R O C E S V A L
& F D B K
Target group/ Learners
Programe definition
Dissemination of material
Utilization of materials O U T P
Health workers on the job

16. What is
Distance
Learning

17. Distance Education or Home Studying Correspondence Learning
Distance Learning is also called
Distance Education
Correspondence Learning
or Home Studying

18. Distance Learning is:
“A method of studying in which lectures are broadcast or lessons are conducted by correspondence, without the student needing to attend a school or college.”
- Oxford dictionary

19. And completing your course from home through correspondence

20. certificate, diploma, or
Which means that you can get a
certificate, diploma, or
even a national qualification…

21. Educational Relationship

22. Educational Relationship
The educational relationship in distance education using two-way communication technology
Educational Relationship

23. History of Distance learning
Boston Gazette, March 20, 1728: Advertisement for Short hand course
Popularly known, 1840: Sir Isaac Pitman's Short hand course
First distance teaching university, University of South Africa in 15 Feb 1946:
First Open University, 1969: UKOU

24. The Idea of Open University
China's Imperial Examination system in 6th century
Rabindranath Tagore's idea of home-based study influenced Leonard Elmhirst (Agricultural adviser), who started Dartington Hall. Michael Young was a pupil there who went on to propose the idea of the UK Open University and started the National Extension College as a pilot.

25. Status Over 90 Open Universities around the World 15 in India alone
First Open University in India started in 1982; and the National Open University of India was established in 1985.

26. Open University Movement
Principle of equality of educational opportunities (barriers of caste, economy, gender to be removed)
Principle of lifelong and ubiquitous learning
Principle of flexible curricula
Principle of learner-orientation
Principle of autonomous learning
Principle of learning through communication and interaction

27. Generations of Distance Education
First Generation-
Correspondence Model: Only print based
Second Generation-
Multi-media Model: Print, Audio, Video, CBL(CAI/CML)
Third Generation-
Tele-learning Model: Audio Teleconferencing, Video Teleconferencing, Audio-graphics, Broadcast Radio/TV
Fourth Generation-
Flexible Learning Model: Interactive Multimedia, Internet/WWW, CMC
Fifth Generation-
Interactive Flexible Learning Model: Automated response systems, Virtual Learning space

28. What are the differences between
distance learning and campus learning?

29. Campus learning means having classmates.
Distance Learning means studying on your own.
Campus learning means having access to college resources.
Distance Learning
means relying on online resources and textbooks.
Distance Learning means studying from home in your free time.
Campus learning means going to daily classes.

30. PROCESS OF
Distance Learning

31. 1. You pick a
course from
our wide
range of
subjects

32. 2.
You register
for your
course
over the
Phone.

33. 3.
You pick a
payment plan
that suits
your needs

34. You receive your study material by post4.
You receive your study material by post

35. 5. Your personal tutor helps you study
via Skype, SMS, and telephone

36. 6.
You complete and submit
your assignments
electronically

37. 7. You complete your course and we send Qualification.
your Certificate, Diploma , or
Qualification.

38. What are the advantages of Distance Learning?

39. 1. Lots of flexibility: You can study from anywhere, anytime
1. Lots of flexibility: You can study from anywhere, anytime. You control your studies.
2. You don’t have to keep the same pace as classmates: You determine your own pace. You can study part-time or full-time, depending on your schedule.
3. You receive personal attention: You study as a private student with access to tutors.
4. You can study while you work: This is great for parents and people who want to study while keeping a full-time job.

40. 5. You save a lot of money: Distance learning is much more affordable, and you save on travel and hostel costs.
6. You have access to a wide range of courses: You aren’t limited to the colleges and courses offered in your area.
7. You get a private tutor. This means that you receive individual attention and that
we make sure you pass your course

41. What are the disadvantages of distance learning?

42. 2. Requires self-discipline:
1. Lack of social interaction: You study on your own without classmates.
2. Requires self-discipline:
You have to motivate yourself to study and have a lot of self-discipline.
3. Distance learning doesn’t always have the same reputation as classroom learning:
Some employers think university or classroom-based college qualification have more worth than others.

43. 4. You might need access to a computer:
Though this is not necessary, it will be difficult to study without one.
5. Some colleges scams their students:
There are some ‘colleges’ that take advantage of their students and exploit them.
6. You don’t get practical experience:
Because you study from home, you don’t get practical experience through your course.

44. For Your Presence!!!