1. Growth and Migration in Japan MARIAM AL-THANI AYA EL WARDANY

2. Current issues World Bank Data

4. Explaining the low Fertility Rate in Japan  Women and work environment  Insufficient child care  Late marriages  Expensive education  Unwillingness to have a child http://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c 0117.htm

5. Japanese’s Emigration

6. Consequences Decrease of Potential Growth Rates Less Taxes Increase of Debt Rates Increase of Debt Rates Aging population Problem: social security system Debt Decreasing labor Force Decrease of the GDP Less production Negative Expectations Negative Expectations Development

7. A History of Labor Shortage or Japanese Reserve of Labor  Izanagi boom (late 1960’s and early 1970’s)  Complete rejection of immigration  Mobilize agriculture laborers  Labor Migration Problem  Increase productivity  Higher wages and productivity: First oil shock in 1973  Outsourcing

8. Immigration

9. Countries of Origins

10. Foreign Labor Force in Different Sectors

11. Migration and Employment  Migration  Employment of Foreign Workers

12. International Migration and Multicultural Coexistence  Current Immigration Situation  Immigration Reform: Forces of Change and Forces of Resistance  Public Attitudes towards Foreign Migrants  Multicultural Coexistence Movement

13. The Case Study: Japanese-Brazilian Migration  Reasons for Migration to Japan - Economic  Reasons for Migration back to Brazil - Social  Difficulties  Future and Sustainability of Japanese-Brazilian Migration

14. The Challenges of Highly Skilled Migration  Highly Skilled Migration  Explaining the Low Level of Highly Skilled Migration  Limited Demand for Highly Skilled Migrants  An Unattractive Destination for Global Talents

15. Future Challenges for Highly Skilled Migration  Japanese corporations  must tackle substantial reforms to make the labor market more flexible  Transform their internal human resources policies to be more attractive and competitive in other countries  Lack of affordable international education  Already fallen behind the competition for global talent among industrialized countries and newly industrialized economies.

16. Potential Solutions Immigration  Attract human resources: international student as well as highly qualified labor force (Immigration Plan 2010)  Foreign of Japanese descent  Attract human resources: international student as well as highly qualified labor force (Immigration Plan 2010) Demographic  Encourage families to have more children Productivity http://www.courrierinternational.com/article/japon-sans-creche-pas-de-femme-active

17. Thank you, do you have any questions?