1. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 Requirements of network virtualization for Future Networks Nozomu Nishinaga New Generation Network Laboratory Network Research Headquarters NICT nisinaga@nict.go.jp 2 nd SG 13 Regional Workshop for Africa on “Future Networks: Cloud Computing, Energy Saving, Security & Virtualization” (Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014)

2. Agenda Background Approved ITU-T Recommendations Y.3012 The next step Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 2

3. 3 The original Internet architecture is faced to many Difficulties, because it was invented in 1960s. The original Internet architecture is faced to many Difficulties, because it was invented in 1960s. Emerging CLOUD computing More than 5 computers in the world Paradigm shift from “buy resources” to “lease resources” Computing and Networking virtualization No virtualization framework in the Internet Mobile networking EXPLOSION Ubiquitous talking was realized by mobile phone. Emerging Trillions of moving objects Location-based identification is the fundamental of the Internet Mobility <> Location base Why do we need Future Networks? Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014

4. Work items related to Network Virtualization Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 4 Y.3001 (published) FN Vision Y.3011 (published) Framework Network virtualization Y.3012 (published) Requirements Y.Fnvirtarch (Initiated) Service awareness Data awareness Social and economic awareness Environmental awareness Energy Consumption Optimization Service Universalization Economic Incentives Service Diversity Functional Flexibility Virtualization of Resources Network Management Mobility Reliability and Security Data Access Identification Architecture

5. ITU-T Y.3001: Future networks: Objectives and design goals 4 Objectives of FNs: Service awareness : to provide services whose functions are designed to be appropriate to the needs of applications and users Data awareness : to have architecture optimized to handling enormous amounts of data in a distributed environment, and are recommended to enable users to access desired data safely, easily, quickly, and accurately, regardless of their location Environmental awareness : to be environmentally friendly 5 Service awareness Data awareness Social and economic awareness Environmental awareness Energy Consumption Optimization Service Universalization Economic Incentives Service Diversity Functional Flexibility Virtualization of Resources Network Management Mobility Reliability and Security Data Access Identification Target Date: roughly 2015-2020 Social and economic awareness : to consider social and economic issues to reduce barriers to entry for the various actors involved in the network ecosystem

6.  Definition of “network virtualization":  A technology that enables the creation of logically isolated network partitions over shared physical networks so that heterogeneous collection of multiple virtual networks can simultaneously coexist over the shared networks. This includes the aggregation of multiple resources in a provider and appearing as a single resource.  Motivation  Key technology for Service Awareness of FNs  Diverse services  Heterogeneous network architectures  Problem spaces & design goals  Coexistence of multiple networks  Simplified access to resources  Flexibility in provisioning  Evolvability  Design goals  Isolation, network abstraction, topology awareness and quick reconfigurability, performance, programmability, management, mobility, wireless ITU-T Y.3011: Framework of Network Virtualization

7. Recommendation Y.3012 Requirements of network virtualization for Future Networks Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 7

8. ToC of Y.3012 1. Scope 2. References 3. Definitions 4. Abbreviation and acronyms 5. Convention 6. Overview of network virtualization 7. Requirements 8. Environmental considerations 9. Security considerations Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014

9. Overview of network virtualization Network virtualization is a method that allows multiple virtual networks, called logically isolated network partitions (LINPs), to coexist in a single physical network In order to provide LINPs, physical resources are partitioned and abstracted as virtual resources and the virtual resources are interconnected to create an LINP. These virtual resources can be created on physical resources such as routers, switches and hosts. As such, virtual resources are either allocated to each LINP or multiple virtual resources are aggregated into a single virtual resource. 9

10. Resource hierarchical model and Requirements Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 10 physical resource logical resource logical resource Physical resource management Physical resource management Virtual resource management Virtual resource management LINP management Separation physical resource logical resource logical resource virtual resource virtual resource virtual resource virtual resource virtual resource virtual resource LINP management Resource abstraction LINP interconnection Physical resource Virtual resource LINP physical resource Resource abstraction Separation Physical resource management Virtual resource management Virtual resource management Service management LINP management LINP management Authentication, authorization, and accounting LINP federation Service Mobility

11. Physical resource management The physical resource management is required to provide capabilities of managing, controlling, and monitoring heterogeneous types of physical resources for virtual resource management. The physical resource management is required to provide diagnosis mechanisms for trouble shooting to help identify the causes of physical resources failures. The physical resource management is recommended to provide information obtained through the diagnosis mechanisms (e.g., expected recovery time) to virtual resource management. The physical resource management is recommended to provide recovery mechanisms from physical network failures to improve reliability. The physical resource management is recommended to detect new physical resources automatically as they are added to the network. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 11

12. Virtual resource management (1/3) The virtual resource management is required to provide LINP identification means, such as LINP identifier (LINP ID), to differentiate LINPs. The virtual resource management is recommended to provide capability to collaborate with physical resource management so that virtual resources can be allocated to an LINP effectively and efficiently. The virtual resource management is recommended to abstract an aggregated set of physical and virtual resources into a virtual resource in order to enable simplified control of virtual resources by LINP management. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 12

13. Virtual resource management (2/3) The virtual resource management is recommended to provide capabilities of monitor or control of virtual resources to LINP management. The virtual resource management is recommended to change a mapping between physical resources and virtual resources dynamically in case of events like failures or performance degradations The virtual resource management is recommended to change a mapping between physical resources and virtual resources according to requests for reconfiguration of LINPs from one or more LINP operators. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 13

14. Virtual resource management (3/3) The virtual resource management is recommended to allow LINP operators to configure LINPs quickly without imposing complexities of physical network operation including management of network addresses and domain names. The virtual resource management is recommended to allow LINP operators to reconfigure virtual resources to optimize performance and/or efficiency of LINPs through a simplified control interface. In this reconfiguration process, service interruption should be minimized to maintain quality of services on the LINPs. The virtual resource management is recommended to gather physical and virtual resource information, such as bandwidth consumption and CPU utilization. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 14

15. LINP management The LINP management is recommended to reconfigure an LINP by reallocating virtual resources to the LINP so that the LINP operator can adapt the LINP profile to changes in service properties. The LINP management is recommended to terminate an LINP and release all the virtual resources that are no longer needed. The LINP management is recommended to monitor the status of a running LINP, such as traffic volume, energy consumption, and utilization of virtual resources. The LINP management is recommended to optimize an LINP so that the LINP can be controlled and managed efficiently to adapt to environmental changes, such as traffic fluctuations and equipment failures. In this optimization process, service interruption should be minimized to maintain quality of services on the LINP. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 15

16. Service management The service management is required to isolate applications or application-specific programs in order to execute them independently on different LINPs without interfering with each other. The service management is required to provide virtual resource related information to an LINP operator in order to assist the LINP operator for service provisioning procedures: installation, booting up, updating, termination and deletion of application programs or application processes over an LINP. The service management is recommended to provide programing capability regarding service provisioning procedures. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 16

17. Authentication, authorization, and accounting Each management entity is recommended to provide AAA mechanism. The mechanism is recommended to be executed before a physical and/or virtual and/or LINP management entity or LINP operator accesses another management entity. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 17

18. LINP federation (1/2) REASON: There are often two or more administrative domains among all users Federated LINP is required to combine two or more LINPs for users to communicate with each other The LINP federation is recommended to provide negotiation capability between different administrative domains for exchanging capability information about physical and virtual resources. The LINP federation is recommended to allow LINP operators to build LINPs over the different administrative domains, regardless of physical resource types or management policies of these administrative domains. The LINP federation is recommended to avoid inconsistent use of resources and inconsistent configurations in an integrated LINP built over different administrative domains. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 18

19. LINP federation (2/2) An administrative domain is recommended to provide a set of standard interfaces for the other administrative domains in order to describe the different types of physical resources of each domain in a standard form. The standard interfaces between the administrative domains are recommended to allow for varying levels of resource abstraction. The standard interfaces are recommended to allow the administrative domains to coordinate the types of AAA procedures, such as, exchanging the LINPs operators’ AAA information, delegating AAA procedures to the other administrative domain, etc. The identification of physical resources in one administrative domain is not recommended to be restricted by the identification used in other domains. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 19

20. Service Mobility (1/2) REASON: LINP operator may require that the software components be dynamically moved when an attachment point where the end-user connecting in a single LINP is changed due to the end-user mobility. The service mobility is recommended to allow continuing the ongoing service in a transparent manner regardless of where it is moved. The service mobility is recommended to allow an LINP operator to establish connectivity among multiple LINPs. The service mobility is recommended to allow an LINP operator to receive reports about service status including virtual resource usage. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 20

21. Service Mobility (2/2) The service mobility is recommended to keep consistency of software component’s status during the mobility of the software components. The service mobility is recommended to provide LINP discovering capability which allows an LINP operator to find an appropriate LINP satisfying demands of the service. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 21

22. The next step Y.3012 was approved (April 2014) Y. FNvirtarch drafting has been initiated. Tunis, Tunisia, 28 April 2014 22

23. 23 Thank you ! Any questions ?