1. Background The treaty that ended World War I and the economic depression that followed contributed to the rise of dictatorships in Europe and Asia

2. Fascism Fascists believed that the nation was more important than the individual, and that a nation became great by expanding its territory and building its military.

3. Main Slide What was his lasting impact? How did he effect world politics? What were his beliefs? How did he take power? Hideki TojoJoseph StalinBenito Mussolini Adolf Hitler Militarism Works Cited

4. Benito Mussolini - How did he take power? Back 1919 – Creates the Italian Fascist Party 1921 - Entered Parliament 1922 - Became premier of Italy 1925 - Mussolini declared Italy a fascist dictatorship and took control over society, politics, and economics, as well as the military. Picture taken from http://cidc.library.cornell.edu/dof/italy/captioned/horse.htm

5. Benito Mussolini - Beliefs Back Picture taken from http://www.comandosupremo.com/Mussolini.html Mussolini was in favor of state control of economics, society, and that the political system should be in the hands of few. He was opposed to Communism and was very Militaristic. He directly influenced Hitler and the Nazi’s.

6. Benito Mussolini - Effect on world politics. Back Picture taken from http://www.comandosupre mo.com/Mussolini.html Possibly Mussolini’s most direct and lasting impact was not in Italy, but his influence on Hitler and Nazism. He created the first Fascist government and was allied with Germany throughout WWII. Picture taken from http://members.telering.at/pat/muss.jpg

7. Benito Mussolini - Lasting Impact Back Picture taken from http://home.comca st.net/~lowe9101/ mussolini/ VKnown as Il Duce- “the Chief” VItalian Imperialism -Moves to remake Roman Empire (Restore Rome to time of Caesars) -Make the Mediterranean an “Italian Lake” VSame government controls of everything as in Germany -Hailed by the people because he “Made the trains run on time”

8. Benito Mussolini and Militarism Back Picture taken from http://home.comcast.net/~lowe9101/mussolini/ The Italian army not known for being a preeminent power during WWII. Germany was forced to defend Italy against Allied advances. Mussolini did, however, extend the Italian empire, especially into Africa.

9. Joseph Stalin - How did he take power? Back Picture taken from en.wikipedia.org After the death of the first Communist dictator in the Soviet Union, Vladimir Lenin, there was a power struggle between Stalin and Trotsky. Stalin won out. He further abolished all opposition and sent political prisoners to “re-education” camps. By 1928 Stalin was undoubtedly the leader of the Soviet Union. Stalin TrotskyBukharin

10. Joseph Stalin - Beliefs Back Picture taken from en.wikipedia.org Û Five Year Plans - Goals for the Communist state (industrial - economic) Û Collectivization of Agriculture Û Increase Soviet knowledge in the sciences (Space Race after WWII) Û Believed in military superiority over the United States (build- up of nuclear weapons) Click here to read a biographical sketch (timeline included) of Stalin

11. Joseph Stalin - Effect on world politics Back The effect of Stalin on world politics is virtually impossible to overstate. He led the Soviet Union through domestic instability (not always well) while fighting against Hitler in WWII, the United States in the Cold War, and trying to gain alliances with developing countries throughout the world. The United States essentially based its foreign policy around that of the Soviet Union, and vice-versa, for 50 years.

12. Joseph Stalin - Lasting Impact Back The lasting impact of Stalin is one of controversy. Millions of men and women died under his rule. He led the Soviet Union until his death in 1953. He left the United States and Soviet Union embroiled in a battle for world supremacy which would last until 1991. Picture taken from http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/kbank/profiles/stalin/

13. Joseph Stalin and Militarism Back Stalin believed in having a large military. When the Soviet Union was invaded by Nazi Germany in June of 1941 Stalin started a build-up of the Soviet army which would last for several decades.

14. Adolf Hitler - How did he take power? Back 1923 - Hitler attempted to take control of a struggling Germany through the “Beer Hall Putsch.” He failed and was arrested. In jail he wrote “Mein Kampf” exposing his political ideology. He was considered harmless and was released in 1924. 1932 - Defeated von Hindenburg in national election. Hitler was the Chancellor of Germany. 1934 - Hitler declares himself the “Fuhrer” of Germany taking dictatorial power. Picture taken from www.wikipedia.org 1938 - Anschluss with Austria. Outlawed by Treaty of Versailles 1939 - Invasion of Poland and start of WWII

15. Adolf Hitler - Beliefs Back Picture taken from http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/sgt_stryker/hitler.gif Hitler believed the Treaty of Versailles was a result of German leaders betraying the German people. He thought Germany would, one day, have a reemergence as a world power.

16. Adolf Hitler - Effect on world politics Back Picture Taken from www.time.com Hitler had an immediate and direct impact on politicians around the world. Some admired his beliefs and convictions, others saw a dangerous man who would, one day, have a direct impact on the death of 52 million people. Allied leaders in Europe made an attempt to appease Hitler in 1938 when they signed the Munich Agreement. Picture Taken from en.wikipedia.org

17. Adolf Hitler - Lasting Impact Back The name Adolf Hitler is synonymous with hate and genocide. The war he helped to start is the bloodiest war in human history. There are still people today who follow the principles of Nazism. The German people are still haunted by the actions of the Nazi government.

18. Adolf Hitler and Militarism Back Picture taken from www.malispina.com Hitler believed in the military superiority of the German empire. His fighting techniques, such as blitzkrieg, threatened to overthrow Europe in only a year.

19. Hideki Tojo - How did he take power? Back 1920’s - Tojo works his way up the military ladder in Japan. 1930’s - Led troops in battle in China 1940 - Appointed War Minister 1941 - Emperor Hirohito elevates Tojo to the post of Prime Minister

20. Hideki Tojo - Beliefs Back Picture taken from http://www.bibl.u- szeged.hu/bibl/mil/ww2/who/tojo.h tml Tojo believed in the Racial Superiority of the Japanese people, especially over the Chinese. He was also ultra-nationalistic as well as very militaristic. He wanted to expand the Japanese empire throughout the Pacific Rim.

21. Hideki Tojo - Effect on world politics Back When Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, Tojo became public enemy number one in the United States. Throughout his tenure as Prime Minister he increased alliances with the Axis powers in Europe and extended military control over Japanese Society and the Pacific Rim. Tojo was executed for war crimes in 1948.

22. Hideki Tojo - Lasting Impact Back Picture taken from http://www.spartacus.schoolnet. co.uk/2WWtojo.htm Hideki Tojo is, today, known as a man who led the Japanese into WWII against the United States. He is credited for increasing Japanese military, industrial, and imperialistic capacity, but also saw the end of Japanese society as it was known before 1945.

23. Hideki Tojo and Militarism Back Tojo and the Japanese military commanders believed Japan to be invincible. For hundreds of years the Japanese mainland was not successfully invaded. Japan extended its empire throughout the Pacific Rim and had visions of going quite a bit farther.

24. Works Cited Bragdon, H., McCutchen, S., Ritchie, D. (1998). History of a Free Nation. New York: McGraw-Hill. Boyer, P., Clark, C., Hawley, S., Kett, J., Salisbury, N., Sitkoff, H., Woloch, N. (1998). The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Retrieved May 18, 2006 from http://www.fsmitha.com/h2/map10eu.htm Retrieved May 18, 2006 from http://www.dean.usma.edu/history/web03/atlases/ww2%20europe /ww2%20europe%20pages/ww2%20europe%20map%2002.htm Retrieved May 22, 2006 from www.wikipedia.org Retrieved May 22, 2006 from http://cidc.library.cornell.edu/dof/italy/captioned/horse.htm Retrieved May 22, 2006 from http://home.comcast.net/~lowe9101/mussolini/ Retrieved May 23, 2006 from http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/sgt_stryker/hitler.gif Next

25. Works Cited Retrieved June 3, 2006 from http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/2WWtojo.htm Retrieved June 3, 2006 from http://www.bibl.u-szeged.hu/bibl/mil/ww2/who/tojo.html Retrieved June 3, 2006 from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/pacific/index.html Retrieved May 25, 2006 from http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/imt/munich1.htm Retrieved May 25, 2006 from http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/kbank/profiles/stalin/ Retrieved May 25, 2006 from www.bbc.co.uk Home