1. Kudivellam mudikkaruthu 22 nd March World water day 2015 Dr. V. S. Vijayan Salim Ali Foundation

2. What are wetlands? All water bodies on the land 6 meters from sea Ponds, tanks, lakes, rivers, streams:

3. The fate of Wetlands 7, 66,076 ha ( 2004) 1, 60,590 ha (2011) Loss in 7 years: 6,05,486 ha. 79%; (2004, C. N. Mohan; 2011, SAC)

4. Loss of brackish water wetlands. 3, 48, 111 ha (2004) 40,876 ha (2011) Loss in 7 years 3, 07,235 ha; 88%. Ecosystem service value loss: 3,31 lakh cr. (Rs.1,07,67,450/ha)

5. Fate of freshwater wetlands 4, 17,965 ha (2004) 1, 17, 122 ha (2011) Loss in 7 years: 3, 00,841 h (72%) Eco. Service value loss: 66,918 cr.

6. Fate of Paddy Lands 8.75 lakhs ha: (1975) 1.94 lakhs ha (2014) Loss: 6.81,000 ha Ecosystem service loss: 1.51 lakh cr.

7. Kerala’s annual rice requirement: 45 lakhs tones Current annual production: hardly 6 lakhs tones

8. Therefore, the top priority of the State should be to reclaim the lost wetlands, paddy fields and try to increase production and productivity to achieve food security Certainly not AIR PORTS

9. Wetland loss in Kerala In 7 years (2004 – 2011) Paddy lands (1975 – 2011) 12,98,486 ha. Total ecosystem service value loss 5.34 lakh crore Who will be accountable for this loss?

10. Ecosystem services & Kerala Budget Paddy Eco.Service : 44,042 cr Brackish water eco. Services : 4,40,130 cr. Freshwater wet. eco. service: 26,628cr Total ecosystem service : 5, 10,800 cr. Kerala Budget 2014 - 2015 Expenditure: Rs. 79,414.01 cr. Receipt: 79,558.56 cr. Ecosystem services are more than 6 times

11. Total annual ecosystem service values in India (Rs. in lakh cr.) wetlands: 124 lakh cr. Forests: 76. 95 lakh cr. Total ecosystem service values: 200.95 lakh cr. Union budget: 2013 -2014 Rs. 17.63 lakh cr. Ecosystem services are 11 times more

12. Fate of Rivers Riverine area: 2004: 85,000 ha 2011: 65,162 ha Total loss of river area : 19, 838 ha

13. How our rivers are shrinking? Reduced down flow Sand mining Large scale abstraction by industries Increased saline ingress Deterioration of catchments Pollution from industries and agricultural run off Waste dumping etc.etc

14. Groundwater Total groundwater recharge: 2001:8100 MCM Total groundwater recharge : 2006:6841 MCM decrease: 1259 MCM Decline 1996 – 2005 13% during monsoon 30% post monsoon (CGWB, 2005) Shaji et. el. 2009

15. Categorisation of Blocks in Kerala State GWDevpt >100% 5 blocks 90-100% 15 “ 70-90% 30 “ Rest GW Development Net draft/Net availability*100

16. Decadewise Share of Surface Water and Groundwater in Net Irrigated Area (%) Surface Ground water Other sources Source: Indian Agricultural Statistics (2008 ). 1950-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-2000 2000-2010 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

17. Water quality Rivers 10 major rivers polluted with pesticides (SACON for KSBB) Periyar : highly polluted with heavy metals Vembanad: heavy metals 20 – 25 times more than 10 years ago (CUSAT) Lost around 70 microbial organisms Many areas became dead zones Only pollutant resistant Polychaetes are present

18. Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index for Cochin area: 75.08. 24 th rank among the 64 polluted (MoEF & IIT Delhi) cities.

19. Achankoil, Kuttiyadi, Chaliyar, Kallayi : all samples had coliform bacteria, during pre-monsoon 65-100%; varied in other seasons. (Economic Review 2012).

20. Quality of ground water Flouride: Alappuzha and Palakkad 1.5 & 1.8 mg/litre (maximum) Most parameters (Coliform; pH; TDS) are beyond desirable limit (IISC, 2007)

21. Mother’s gift to the baby: Umbilical code contains: 287 pesticides and heavy metals 180 cause cancer 217 : toxic to brain and nervous system 208 cause birth defect/abnormal development

22. Fish species Loss Earlier Current Loss Nileshwaram river 50 25 25 Kuppam river 38 12 26 Valapattanam river 55 11 44 Kuttiyadi river 38 10 28 Kallayi river 33 9 24 Chaliyar river 63 35 28 Kadalundi river 31 14 17

23. Loss of Fish species Earlier Present Loss Bharathappuzha 73 24 49 Chalakudy river 87 38 49 Periyar 84 36 48 Pampa river 60 22 38

24. Drinking water Scarcity, contamination, accessibility 34% water for drinking are contaminated with iron, fluride, salinity, nitrate, arsenic, and bacteria (State Economic Review 2012)

25. 70% house hold depend on wells, ponds, tanks, rivers, streams etc 30% on treated tap water Proliferations of bore wells lead to water scarcity

26. Privatization of Water Water: a fundamental right of all organisms including human beings Right to life is a fundamental right enshrined in the constitution Right to life includes right to clean water, clean air as per the Supreme Court Ensuring this right to every citizen is the basic responsibility of the Government

27. By privatizing water, the water sources are also being privatized. Wherever water was privatized, it has become more expensive The poor will be hurt more Re-municipalitization has begun in places where it was privatized NO GOVERNMENT CAN PRIVATIZSE A FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT, that too WATER

28. No wetlands, paddy fields, rivers, water bodies and no forests shall be destroyed in future for any development projects.

29. A totally different Development paradigm

30. GDP based development Economic growth in India GDP during 1950: 3% GDP during 2011: 9%

31. Millionaires (possessing 5 crores) India 2011 : 1,53,000 Source: http://www.andhranews.net/Intl/2011/India- 153000-millionaires-Report-Report-10958.htm,http://www.andhranews.net/Intl/2011/India- 153000-millionaires-Report-Report-10958.htm 1,53,000

32. Number of billionaires (possessing Rs. 5000 crore) in 2012 5454

33. 1950 3,00,000 1980: 52,00,000 1991: 2,34,00,000 2010:4,00,00, 000 1950 3,00,000 1980: 52,00,000 1991: 2,34,00,000 2010:4,00,00, 000

37. Polluted the air, water, soil & food Polluted the air, water, soil & food 45% below poverty line

38. 49% of Indians do not have toilet – they do it in the open Child death before the age of 5 every year : 21 lakhs (Diarrhoea, typhoid, malaria, measles, pneumonia)

39. Slum dwellers: 4.26 crore.

40. Homeless: 2.7 crore

41. Agro-biodiversity Rice : 1,10,000 varieties Currently about 10 – that too hybrids 1975 : 8.75 lakhs ha 2014: 1.9.4 lakhs ha Tubers TubersAgro-biodiversity Rice : 1,10,000 varieties Currently about 10 – that too hybrids 1975 : 8.75 lakhs ha 2014: 1.9.4 lakhs ha Tubers Tubers

42. Farm suicide 2005 – 2012 2,84,694 National Crime Records Bureau

43. Holistic Eco-friendly Development Pprogramme ഭവനം ഉപജീവന സുരക്ഷ സാമൂഹ്യ സുരക്ഷ ആരോഗ്യ സംരക്ഷ ണം ശുചിത്വ പരിസരം ഊജ്ജ സുരക്ഷ ശുദ്ധ ജലം അടിസ്ഥാ ന വിദ്യാഭ്യാ സം സാമ്പത്തി ക ഭദ്രത കുടുംബ സംതൃപ് തി ശുദ്ധ ഭക്ഷണം ശുദ്ധ വായു

44. The achievements of the government must be assessed by the conservation of the number and extent of these life supporting systems.