1. Caux Round Table Moral Government

2. Fundamental Truths Power is subject to abuse Public office is a public trust “Salus populi supremus lex - Cicero

3. From Normativity to Facticity (Jurgen Habermas)

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5. CRT PRINCIPLES FOR GOVERNMENTS Fundamental Principle 1.Public power is held in trust for the community. General Principles for Governments 1.Discourse ethics should guide application of public power. 2.The Civic Order shall serve all those who accept the responsibilities of citizenship. 3.Public Servants shall refrain from abuse of office, corruption and shall demonstrate high levels of personal integrity. 4.Security of persons, individual liberty and ownership of property are the foundation for individual justice. 5.Justice shall be provided. 6.General welfare contemplates improving the well-being of individual citizens. 7.Transparency of government ensures accountability. 8.Global cooperation advances national welfare. 12

6. Fundamental Principle: Public Power is held in Trust for the community Government is a moral enterprise: a “public” not a “private” thing –Kyosei/human dignity/stewardship The only premise for moral government is service of the people “The Sage has no interests of his own but takes the interest of the people as his own.” – Tao Te Ching No. 49

7. Officials are only temporary custodians of power; they have no personal entitlement to office Those who hold public office are accountable for their use of public power. The burden to prove their good faith and good conduct lies on them. The state is the servant and agent of higher ends. Governments that abuse their trust lose their authority

8. General Principle 1 Reasoned discourse charts the course for Moral Government Debate, dialogue, interaction, thoughtful argument, process and procedure set limits on the use of state power The ends of just government are not determined by a single will or the interests of only a few

9. General Principle 2 The civic order shall serve all those who accept the responsibilities of citizenship The state must avoid all measures – oppressive and other – that would transform the citizen into a subject The state shall protect, give legitimacy to, or restore those principles and institutions which sustain the moral integrity, self-respect and civic identity of the individual citizen

10. It is the responsibility of the state to foster the accumulation of social capital Social Capital makes justice possible Social Capital is –High levels of mutual trust –Education –Health –Cultural infrastructure (high sense of purpose and standards of excellence) –Social infrastructure (dense and active civil society) –Physical infrastructure

11. General Principle 3 Public servants shall refrain from abuse of office, corruption, and shall demonstrate high levels of personal integrity “The mind of the superior man is conversant with righteousness; the mind of the mean man is conversant with gain” – Confucius, The Analects, BK IV, Chpt XVI

12. Fiduciary principles of conduct guide pubic office No self-seeking in office Loyalty above all else to those who benefit from the public trust Use of reasonable due care to advance the interests of others

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14. General Principle 4 Security of persons, individual liberty, and ownership of property are the foundations for individual justice –Individuals are the building blocks of justice –The sovereign state must defend its territory and society –Human dignity can only come to life in the world through material objects like private property (facticity gives real presence to normativity)

15. General Principle 5 Justice Shall be Provided Those who seek to redress their wrongs incur no guilt. But great is the guilt of those who oppress their fellow men and conduct themselves with wickedness and injustice in the land. Woeful punishment awaits them. – The Koran, 42:35

16. Justice is due proportion, a balance of risks and return, of rights and responsibilities, of personal advantages coupled with contributions to the whole The great disturber of justice is abuse of power The Rule of Law provides disciplined structures of fairness and accountability

17. General Principle 6 General Welfare contemplates improving the well-being of individual citizens “The purpose of the magnanimous is to be found in procuring benefits for the world and eliminating its calamities.” – Mo Tzu, Universal Love (second essay)

18. The state shall nurture and support social institutions that foster the free self- development and self-regard of individual citizens. Well-being is not exclusively material. The state has a custodial responsibility to manage and conserve the material and other resources that sustain the present and future well- being of the community.

19. General Principle 7 Transparency of Government ensures accountability The civic order shall not act with excessive secrecy. “I hold the maxim no less applicable to public than to private affairs that honesty is always the best policy.” – George Washington, Farewell Address, Sept. 17, 1796 As trustees for the public good and agents of public purposes, public officials must always be ready to account for their actions Openness is necessary to facilitate discourse ethics shaping the use of pubic power

20. General Principle 8 Global cooperation advances national welfare Kyosei and human dignity do not stop at national boundaries Nations are to live in peace, refrain from aggression, respect international law, and employ international machinery and systems for the promotion of economic and social advancement

21. Moral Government does not happen; it must be made to happen “To see what is right and do not do it is want of courage – Confucius, The Analects, Bk. II, Chpt XXIV, 2 “We have met the enemy and he is us.” – Pogo Without personal leadership, moral government is only a dream

22. Moral Government and National Prosperity Moral Government  Social Capital  Economic Development –Prosperity begins with good public government –Prosperity thrives with good private governance

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