1. Nouns

2. A noun is a word that names a person, place or a thing. Examples: girl (person), outside (place), baseball (thing)

3. Common and Proper Nouns A noun that names any person, place, or thing is called a common noun  Ex: state, day, month A noun that names a specific person, place, or thing is called a proper noun  Ex: Pennsylvania, Monday, October Proper nouns begin with a capital letter

4. Singular and Plural Nouns A noun that names only one person, place, or thing is called a singular noun A noun that names more than one is called a plural noun

5. Rules for Plural Nouns How to Form Plurals RulesSingularPlural Add –s to most singular nouns One car One rose Two cars Ten roses Add –es to singular nouns that end with s, x, z, ch or sh One bus This box One bunch A wish Three buses Some boxes Six bunches Many wishes

6. Nouns Ending with -y RulesSingularPlural If the noun ends with a vowel and y, just add -s One toy One monkey Many toys Five monkeys If the noun ends with a consonant and y, change y to an i and add – es One family This city A baby Some families Three cities Two babies

7. Nouns that end in –f or -fe In most cases if a noun ends in –f or –fe, add an s. In some cases, change the –f or –fe to a v and add –es Examples:  Belief – Beliefs  Giraffe – Giraffes  Wolf – Wolves  Life – Lives

8. Irregular Plural Nouns Some nouns have special plural forms, and other nouns are the same in both the singular and plural forms. Can you think of any irregular plural nouns?

9. Irregular Plural Nouns Some nouns have special plural forms, and don’t follow any pattern, so you must remember them SingularPlural Child Man Woman Foot Tooth Goose Ox Mouse Children Men Women Feet Teeth Geese Oxen Mice

10. Irregular Plural Nouns Other nouns are the same in both the singular and the plural forms SingularPlural Deer Moose Sheep Fish Deer Moose Sheep Fish

11. Singular Possessive Nouns A noun that shows ownership is called a possessive noun Add an apostrophe and an –s (‘s) to a singular noun to make it possessive

12. Examples Singular NounsSingular Possessive Nouns The football belongs to Matt The bike the girl owns is new The poems by Chris are funny Matt’s football The girl’s new bike Chris’s poems

13. Plural Possessive Nouns Sometimes you may want to show ownership by more than one person or thing, you use a plural possessive noun

14. Plural Possessive Nouns When a plural noun ends with –s, just add an apostrophe (‘)  Ex. The boys’ pumpkins  Ex. The students’ books When a plural noun does not end with an –s, add an apostrophe and –s (‘s)  Ex. These deer’s antlers  Ex. The mice’s cages

15. Nouns Used as Direct Objects REMEMBER: The direct object is the noun or pronoun that completes the action of the verb A noun can be used as a direct object in a sentence  Example: The polar bear / threw ice. What did the polar bear throw?