1. CSD 2230 HUMAN COMMUNICATION DISORDERS Topic 4 Assessment and Treatment of Communication Disorders Clinical Methods

2. Differences, Dialects and Disorders Communication occurs across a continuum When is it a disorder? 1. It bothers the speaker 2. Listeners react negatively 3. Impairs communication intent

3. Differences, Dialects, and Disorders Speech variations that aren’t disorders: 1. Dialects CD ROM Ch.0303 for accents CD ROM Ch03.04-Ch03.06 for AAE 2. Genderlect 3. Idiolects

4. ASHA’s Definition A communicative disorder, as defined by ASHA, is an impairment in the ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts or verbal, nonverbal, and graphic symbols. It's up to the SLP to decide if a disorder does exist and determine the magnitude of the disorder, since the severity can vary tremendously

5. Deciding of There’s a Problem: Assessment Preselection processes Referrals and Screening

6. Screening four possible outcomes 1. false positive. 2. true positive 3. true negative 4. false negative

7. Assessment Assessment is the systematic process of obtaining information from many sources, through various means, and in different settings to verify and specify communication strengths and weaknesses, identify possible caused of problems, and make plans to address them.

8. Seven Major Goals of Assessment 1. Verifying the problem

9. Seven Major Goals of Assessment 1. Verifying the problem 2. What are the problem areas? 3. What are the individual's strengths?

10. Seven Major Goals of Assessment 1. Verifying the problem 2. What are the problem areas? 3. What are the individual's strengths? 4. How severe is the problem?

11. Seven Major Goals of Assessment 1. Verifying the problem 2. What are the problem areas? 3. What are the individual's strengths? 4. How severe is the problem? 5. What are the probable causes of the problem?? Predisposing cause Precipitating cause Perpetuating cause Organic vs functional

12. Seven Major Goals of Assessment 1. Verifying the problem 2. What are the problem areas? 3. What are the individual's strengths? 4. How Severe is the Problem? 5. What are the probable causes of the problem?? 6. What recommendations should be made?

13. Seven Major Goals of Assessment 1. Verifying the problem 2. What are the problem areas? 3. What are the individual's strengths? 4. How Severe is the Problem? 5. What are the probable causes of the problem?? 6. What recommendations should be made? 7. What is the likely outcome without and with intervention?? Prognosis

14. Assessment Procedures multiple procedures in several settings

15. Components of the Assessment Procedure.. Case history written or oral adults and for kids medical history statement of problem identification information from other sources family information

16. Components of the Assessment Procedure.. Opening interview Systematic observation

17. Components of the Assessment Procedure.. Hearing screening Oral-peripheral Exam

18. Components of the Assessment Procedure.. Formal tests o Based on normative data o Important terms: Validity Reliability Raw score Derived score Percentile rank Age-equivalent score

19. Components of the Assessment Procedure.. Consolidation of findings Closing interview Written report

20. Intervention Objectives 1. Behavior should generalize to real world settings 2. Behavior should become automatic 3. The client is able to self-monitor 4. Optimum progress in minimum time 5. Sensitive to client’s personal and cultural characteristics

21. Major Steps of Intervention 1. Obtaining baseline data 2. Listing clear behavioral objectives 3. Clinical procedures 4. Measuring effectiveness 5. Follow up and maintenance