1. Science, Scientists and Networks Ciência, Cientistas e Redes Teresa Patrício CIES/ ISCTE-IUL Encontro Ciência 2010, Centro de Congressos de Lisboa 4 a 7 de Julho de 2010

2. Networks of Science and Scientists We live in a Network Society A key policy objective: various networks are needed to achieve the maximum impact for new knowledge Between scientists Between producers of knowledge and users of knowledge Between stakeholders of all sorts: production units, clients, communities, etc.

3. The 1989 experience in Canada: From this… > geographically scattered research effort > disciplinary silos > disconnected from use > fragmented knowledge- building > isolated research agendas

4. To: Networks of Centres of Excellence (since 2003 a permanent program) > On-going connections across geography, institutions and sectors > Integrated across disciplines > Integrated with decision- making, policy and practice > Synergistic research agenda > Connected to the world

5. Criteria of evaluation: Mobilization of Canadian research excellence Training of highly skilled personnel in Canada Networking and partnerships with industry and other relevant partners Transferring knowledge generated to user sectors Promoting effective management structure

6. Networks of Excellence (NoE, FP6) As in Canada To address fragmentation To strengthen critical mass of resources and expertise but different: Funding in the form of a grant for integration Integration varies across disciplines and research areas

7. Comparison of PRIME Network of Excellence in Science & Innovation Policy: 2004 and 2007 T. Lekkuunum & M. Nedeva (2008) Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: the assessment of Networks of Excellence, EU-Prime.

8. Network of partnerships of Portugal – MIT, CMU, UTA M. Barreto, B. Gonçalves, P. Lino, F. Oliveira, I. Pedreira, N. Rodrigues, R. Santos, G. Silva, T. Patrício, Portugal-MIT/CMU/UTA New Knowledge Configurations for Development, Gordon Research Conference, 2010 MIT/CMU/UTA - black Higher Education Institutions - green Companies/firms - yellow Associate laboratories - red Other R&D insitutions - purple State institutions - brown Associations – white Other foreign insitutions - blue

9. Comparison of Pre-international partnerships (2006) and international partnerships Portugal – MIT/CMU/UTA (2008) (2006 -Network of institutions competitively funded by FCT in engineering systems, biotechnology, bio- engineering, information technology, language technology, computer sciences and engineering, entrepreneurship, engineering and public policy, mathematics, transport systems, sustainable energy) 20062008 M. Barreto, B. Gonçalves, P. Lino, F. Oliveira, I. Pedreira, N. Rodrigues, R. Santos, G. Silva, T. Patrício, Portugal - MIT/CMU/UTA New Knowledge Configurations for Development, Gordon Research Conference, 2010

10. Evaluation of success/failure of the network Is there coherence, unity? Is it integrated? Between researchers? With firms? With communities? What functions do they perform? Is it sustainable?

11. Number of Portuguese publications 1980-2006

12. Co-authored publications of Portugusese authors in NSE and MS with over 100 publications T. Patricio (2009) Science Policy and the Internationalisation of Research in Portugal, Journal of Studies in International Education.

13. Co-authored publications of Portuguese authors in NSE and MS with over 250 publications T. Patricio (2009) Science Policy and the Internationalisation of Research in Portugal, Journal of Studies in International Education.

14. Network of fields with at least 10 co-authored publication in the Social Sciences with main countries T. Patricio (2009) Science Policy and the Internationalisation of Research in Portugal, Journal of Studies in International Education.

15. Brain networking PhD and post-doc fellowships (FCT, Marie Curie,...) MIT/Portugal Partnership: attracts foreign students at 4X the rate of other Portuguese engineering graduate programs; 36% of class of 2009 are from outside Portugal; visits and courses taught at MIT; circulation of faculty “For the first time in Portuguese history, MIT/Portugal are awarded degrees by multiple Portuguese universities and rotate between institutions for differenet parts of their studies… This mobility gives students access to th best teachers in the country and helps them to develop connections within the national research environment” Sebastian M. Pfotenhauer, “Portuguese Partnerships seek to tackle higher education reform challenges”, Chronicle of Higher Education June 24, 2010

16. It’s all about people! Retrieved from: http://www.utwente.nl/gw/vandijk/index.htmlhttp://www.utwente.nl/gw/vandijk/index.html