1. SPENCER DAUN SKYLAIR WEISBROD LINDA DO SKYLAR BAUMANN Geography: Its Nature and Perspective

2. Geography as a field of inquiry  Geography is the study of phenomena patterns and their spatial distribution  Human Geography: study of how people make places, organize space and society, interactions with others in places across space, and how we make sense of ourselves  Physical Geography: the study of physical phenomena on Earth

3. Evolution of key geographical concepts and models associated with notable geographers  Christaller commenced the coining city models (Hierarchy of Settlements and their Service Areas, Sector, Concentric, Multiple Nuclei) from developing the central place theory.  Rostow formed the Drive To Maturity concept to set a standard for determining a state's development phase  Location theories evolved to explain industrial locations, focusing on variable costs and the friction of distance, a few of the geographers include Weber (least cost theory), Hostelling (location interdependence), and Losch (manufacturers chose locations to maximize profits).

4. Key concepts underlying the geographical perspective:  Location: how the geographical position of people and things on Earth's surface affects what happens and why  Space: social relations stretched out  Place: uniqueness of a location  Scale: representation of a real-world phenomena at a certain level of reduction or generalization  Pattern: the design of a spatial distribution  Regionalization: distinguishing of regions such that there is little variation within each region while each region is sharply distinct from the others  Globalization: the set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships, and heightening interdependence without regard to country borders

5. Key Geographical skills: How to use and think about maps and spatial data  Geography is essentially concerned with the ways in which patterns on Earth's surface reflect and influence physical and human processes. Maps and spatial data are fundamental to the discipline, and learning to use and think about them is critical to geographical literacy. The goal is achieved when you learn to use maps and spatial data to pose and solve problems, and when they learn to think critically about what is revealed and what is hidden in different maps and spatial arrays.

6. Understand and Interpret Implications of Associations Among Phenomena in Places  All places on the surface of the earth have distinguishing human and physical characteristics that interrelate with each other. Place is frequently used to talk about the physical landscape, the physical environment, or the cultural environment, but in fact all of these elements interact with each other and give character to a place.

7. Recognize and Interpret at Different Scales Relationships Among Patterns and Processes  In essence, this is a restatement of how to analyze and understand patterns within places. It is also important for geographers to understand major processes and how they affect global conditions and individual places.

8. Define Regions and Evaluate the Regionalization Process  It has been said that making regions is the highest form of geographer's art. Indeed, classifying places is difficult, but nonetheless we all use the idea of regions every day. We speak about places such as the Great Plains, the Caribbean, Europe, or sub- Saharan Africa. These all are regions. In the past, geographers believed there were natural and God-given regions, and the task of geography was to discover those regions.

9. How to Characterize and Analyze Changing Interconnections Among Places  People make places as they travel, migrate, interact, and live. Geographers use scales to understand the interconnections. Using a scale to analyze, you can make different observations at a different level. (Local, regional, national, and global.)

10. Geographic technologies, such as GIS, remote sensing, and GPS  Geographers use these technologies to explore linkages among people and places. To understand the environmental change overtime, geographers monitor the Earth's surface from a distance by using remote sensing. Geographic information systems have increased accessibility over the past two decades. GIS is useful for both human and physical geographic research. It's used to analyze data, in the process, creating new insight into geographic patterns and relationships.

11. Sources of Geographical Ideas and Data  GIS, remote sensing, and GPS is known as the "field." All this technology helps geographers study and better understand the people and places around us.  Census Data is an important resource for understanding places. It separates geographic areas into blocks, block-groups, and tracts.  Satellite Imagery is a type of GIS that can enhance GIS mapping. Satellite images can improve mapping applications to achieve multi-layered results.

12. Works cited:  AP Central Website  AP Human Geography Textbook  http://www.satimagingcorp.com/svc/gismapping.ht ml  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_data_  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map#Geographic_ma ps