1. Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids

2. Coloring in the Periodic Table

3. Notice the difference between the appearance of the metals and nonmetals.

4. Physical properties of METALS
SOLIDS- except Hg
HARD- except Li, K, Na
SHINY/ LUSTER – the way an object’s surface reflects light
BEST CONDUCTORS of heat.
GOOD CONDUCTOR of electricity
because the electrons in metals move
more freely.
MALLEABLE forms thin sheets
DUCTILE forms wires

5. Chemical properties of METALS
GIVES ELECTRONS EASILY TO FORM BONDS
MAKES POSITIVE IONS
CORRODES EASILY

6. Physical Properties of NONMETALS
Soft except for diamonds
Brittle breaks easily
Dull not shiny Phosphorus
Insulators wooden spoon
Mostly colored gases Bromine
Odors or pungent smell
Chemical Properties of NONMETALS
Gains electrons to form bonds
Sulfur

7. Non metals may be solids, liquids or gases.
Examples of NONMETALS
Non metals may be solids, liquids or gases.
Examples:
Solids – Carbon, Sulfur, Phosphorus
Liquid – Bromine
Gases – Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Noble Gases

8. An interesting element: Carbon
Ever break the point of your pencil? That’s because it’s made of graphite, a substance made up completely of Carbon—a brittle nonmetal.
Carbon atoms in graphite
However diamonds, the hardest material of all, are made of the same element: Carbon. Look at how the carbon atoms are arranged in diamonds—why do you think diamonds are harder than graphite?
You may also want to discuss how we are using carbon to create new materials such as nanotubes, or discuss buckeyballs.

9. METALLOIDS
Along the staircase/steps of the periodic table

10. The elements contained in the classification of Metalloids:

11. Properties of METALLOIDS
Elements classified as Metalloids have physical properties of both metals and non-metals.
SHINY
Some are DULL
somewhat MALLEABLE and DUCTILE
SEMI CONDUCTOR of heat and electricity – conducts at a lesser level than metals.
SILICON
ARSENIC
BORON

12. METALLOIDS
Semiconductors, which are used in electronics (radio, computers, telephones, etc.)
They are useful because they conduct just the right amount of electricity or heat.

13. Where do we find METALS?
Some metals like gold, silver, and platinum are found as pure substances in the earth’s crust because they are least reactive.
Most metals are reactive and are found as oxides (react with oxygen), carbonates (react with carbon), sulfides (react with sulfur).
Minerals : are elements or compounds which occur naturally inside the earth’s crust.
Ore : is a mineral from which metals can be extracted profitably.

14. PRACTICE
Classify the following elements as metals, non metals and metalloids:
Hydrogen
Magnesium
Calcium
Arsenic
Carbon
Helium
Lead
Aluminum