1. Phrases and Clauses THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF SENTENCES

2. What’s the difference between a phrase & a clause?

3. PHRASE a group of words that does not have a subject and a verb combination

4. CLAUSE a group of words with both a subject & verb

5. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE a group of words that create a complete thought with a sub/verb that can stand ALONE. It is a sentence.

6. Independent Clause Examples 1.I danced. 2.He was hungry. 3.I received an A+. 4.I get a new pony. 5.I love SpongeBob.

7. DEPENDENT CLAUSE group of words with a subject and verb BUT cannot stand alone. It requires an independent clause to complete it.

8. Examples 1. After I danced, 2. Because he was hungry, 3. Until I received an A+, 4. When I get my new pony, 5. Since I love SpongeBob,

9. What is one way that dependent clauses are created? Subordinating conjunctions create subordinate (dependent) clauses. They are dependent clause starters. Examples of Subordinating Conjunctions: during whenever, although, unless, until, when, while, etc.

10. AAAWWUBBIS Words Subordinating Conjunction Mnemonic ALTHOUGHAFTERASWHILEWHENUNTIL/UNLESSBEFOREBECAUSEIFSINCE

11. HOW TO CHANGE AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE INTO A DEPENDENT CLAUSE Independent Clause Independent Clause: Maddie screamed. Dependent Clause Dependent Clause: Although Maddie screamed After Maddie screamed While Maddie screamed Place a subordinating conjunction in front of an independent clause, and you will create a dependent clause.

12. Your turn: Change the following independent clauses into dependent clauses. 1.He hissed. 2.She burped. 3.They whispered. 1. 2. 3.

13. SENTENCE TYPES 1.SIMPLE 2.COMPOUND 3.COMPLEX 4.COMPOUND-COMPLEX

14. SIMPLE SENTENCE one independent clause I like SpongeBob.

15. COMPOUND 2 or more independent clauses I like SpongeBob, and I like Plankton.

16. COMPOUND 2 or more independent clauses I like SpongeBob ; I like Plankton.

17. How do we punctuate compound sentences? 1)Semicolon 2) Comma and a conjunction (FANBOYS) SpongeBob makes Krabby patties. (join these) They are quite delicious!

18. COMPLEX a sentence that contains at least one dependent clause. Because he makes me laugh, I like SpongeBob.

19. Dependent clause punctuation Add a comma when a dependent clause starts a sentence! Because he makes me laugh, I like SpongeBob.

20. Dependent clause punctuation Add a comma when a dependent clause starts a sentence When I want entertainment, I watch SpongeBob.

21. Dependent clause punctuation Add a comma when a dependent clause starts a sentence If I get a choice of shows, I watch SpongeBob.

22. Dependent clause punctuation Do not use a comma when the dependent clause does not begin the sentence! I like SpongeBob because he makes me laugh.

23. Now, write complex sentences! Start a sentence with the dependent clause. Then, rewrite the sentence to end with the dependent clause. Use the dependent clause starter: when Remember, your clause must have a subject and a verb!

24. Here’s my example! When Gary runs away from home, SpongeBob is devastated. SpongeBob is devastated when Gary runs away from home.