1. Unit 2 – Creation of a New Nation U3 MYP Title: Building the Rule Book (Constitution) Unit Question: How can one system Empower all? Key Concepts: Systems Concept Statement: A system should Empower both Majority and Minority Section 1: Problems facing a new nation Major Historical Figures – Sec 1 1.Daniel Shays – Ex American Revolution soldier, Farmer, who led rebellion against Massachusetts 2.Sam Adams – Ex leader of the Sons of Liberty, Governor of Massachusetts during Shays’ Rebellion 3.John Hancock – Chairmen of the Continental Congress during Shay’s Rebellion

2. Unit 2 – Creation of a New Nation U3 Section 1: Problems facing a new nation Map for Unit 2 – East Coast of United States

3. Unit 2 – Creation of a New Nation U3 Section 1: Problems facing a new nation Section Question: As a member of the Continental Congress explain what weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation kept you from being able to stop Shays’ Rebellion.

4. Unit 2 – Creation of a New Nation U3 Section 1: Problems facing a new nation What types of Government’s did the 13 states Use? What kept the new states working together? After becoming free from England each of the colonies became an independent, Republic system, with a state constitution – rulebook Men that were over 21 and owned property could vote – gaining representation and popular sovereignty In some states Free African American Men could vote – New England / Middle The 13 states continued to use the Articles of Confederation to define the country’s Central Government, The Continental Congress

5. Unit 2 – Creation of a New Nation U3 Section 1: Problems facing a new nation What powers did the Articles give the Continental Congress? What were the weakness of the Articles of Confederation? Control Foreign Trade Declare War Raise an Army Sign Peace Treaties The Congress couldn’t tax They had to ask states for money This meant the States had all the real power Each state acted in it’s own interest instead of the nations No Executive Branch – to enforce laws Very hard to change

6. Unit 2 – Creation of a New Nation U3 Section 1: Problems facing a new nation

7. What problems did the Articles create for the Congress and the Country? Large debts to soldiers and Foreign Countries with no way to raise money and pay them No way to pay an army or navy to protect new nation (Native Americans, Pirates, England) No way to control or protect the new territories gained from England in the Treaty of Paris

8. Unit 2 – Creation of a New Nation U3 Section 1: Problems facing a new nation What was the Northwest Ordinance (LAW)? Unable to protect settlers moving across the Appalachian Mountains into the Ohio River Valley from Algonquin Native Americans the Continental Congress made a law that allowed territories to become states, set up their own governments and armies and protect themselves They had to follow four rules 1.60,000 citizens 2.No slaves 3.Protect Natural Rights 4.Deal with Native Americans fairly However the Congress could not enforce these rules – No Executive Branch or Money Southerners began moving slavery west People cheated and stole from Natives causing war

9. Unit 2 – Creation of a New Nation U3 Section 1: Problems facing a new nation

10. Why was Shays’ Rebellion the final problem for the Continental Congress? Farmer Daniel Shays, Captain from Continental Army during the Revolution, led a rebellion against Massachusetts – burning court houses Farmers were having their farms taken away when they tried to pay taxes with Continental Congress IOUs from the Revolution and Governor Sam Adams and Massachusetts wouldn’t take them. The Continental Congress had no money to raise and army to stop the rebel farmers and the whole country saw how weak the central government was because of the Articles of Confederation Massachusetts raised a state army and captured Shay, but he was pardoned (released) by John Hancock, Chairmen of the Continental Congress