1. JOHN C. CALHOUN Pro - Slavery Southern political leader Strong supporter of slavery Argued states NOT Congress had the right to determine whether or not to allow slavery Defended slavery as a “positive good” Felt “…impossible for whites and slaves to exist together in the same community….social & political equality b/w them is impossible.

2. FREDERICK DOUGLASS Anti - Slavery Former slave {escaped} Leading abolitionist Quoted as saying “slavery is wicked…..violates the great law of liberty Used lecture fees to help runaway slaves Consultant to Lincoln during the war

3. WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON Anti - Slavery Anti slavery newspaper – The Liberator helped found the American Anti-Slavery Society lead successful movement to abolish slavery demanded immediate, no compromise end to slavery blamed anyone to tolerated slavery for its existence Set fire to the Constitution

4. THE GRIMKE SISTERS Anti - Slavery only Southern women abolitionists Father was a slave owner moved North freed slaves given to them wrote pamphlets using “moral suasion” became traveling lecturers for the American Anti-Slavery Society

5. HINTON HELPER Anti - slavery White Southerner from NC wrote book The Impending Crisis of the South: How to Meet It. said slavery hurt poor whites who could not afford slaves hated African Americans, objected to their presence, and if they stayed in America, should have no rights and be segregated.

6. ABRAHAM LINCOLN Mixed feelings Best known for preserving the Union Strong belief in personal freedom Credited by some with freeing the slaves Promised not to interfere with slavery in the South Against allowing slavery to expand to other states

7. JAMES KIRK PAULDING Pro - Slavery slavery should be allowed in the south to preserve the Union and maintain order criticized the abolitionist movement as un –American claimed African Americans enjoyed a better lifestyle than other workers felt African American were inferior to whites worried about violence & chaos; believed that slaves couldn’t live with freedom

8. GEORGE FITZHUGH Pro - slavery slavery was “good” slaves were inferior believed all labor, not just black labor should be enslaved supported spread of slavery throughout the U.S.

9. HARRIET TUBMAN Anti - slavery Escaped slavery leading abolitionist Helped 300+ slaves to freedom on the “Underground Railroad”