1. Infancy & Childhood

2. Infancy and Childhood When you are finished with the test, read the case study on page 69 and answer the questions at the end of the article. Then, you can begin to work on your vocabulary.

3. Bell Activity 2/5/2013 1.) What are your earliest childhood memories? 2.) Work on Vocabulary Learning Targets: At the end of class today, you will be able to: -Describe the human development -Create a timeline of human development

4. Preschool Observation Look for the following: -How well do students interact? -What forms of communication do they use? -Level of cognitive, social and moral development

5. Infancy & Childhood The study of an individual’s development is called developmental psychology. Humans learn more in their early years of life than at any other time. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5 FjhTojsAoEhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5 FjhTojsAoE

6. Nature vs. Nurture How much of our development is the result of heredity and how much is due to what we learn?

7. Infancy & Childhood Babies are born with basic abilities- sight, smell, hearing. They are also born with reflexes that help the infant to survive.

8. Infant Reflexes Rooting Reflex Grasping Reflex

9. Infancy & Childhood The automatic, internally programmed growth patterns of an infant are referred to as maturation-example-flower blooming. Learning is a relatively permanent change developed through experience. The transformation of an infant is achieved through maturation and learning

10. Infancy & Childhood Infants are born with perception skills Infants prefer looking at faces and patterned objects and thrive with human touch. Visual cliff shows that infants have depth perception.

11. Bell Activity 2/6/2013 Learning Targets: At the end of class, you will be able to- -Describe the development of infants/children -Create a timeline showing the development in the first year. 1.) What are two reflexes that babies are born with? 2.) Describe the difference between maturation and learned skills. 3.) What did the visual cliff experiment prove? 4.) Work on vocabulary

12. Preschool Observation 1.) Write down a few observations you made while visiting the preschool class. 2.) Share your observations with a classmate. 3.) Share what you learned with the class.

13. Infancy & Childhood Language and thought are interconnected, both use symbols. Children think and are able to use symbols in their mind before they speak. Acquisition of language propels children into further intellectual development.

14. Animals & Language Psychologists believe that chimpanzees develop as far as the average 2 year old. Chimps can be taught sign language and communicate through special machines, however they are not able to apply grammar rules. The ability to arrange words into new combinations to produce new meanings is more developed in humans.

15. How Children Acquire Language There are 3 steps involved in learning language: 1.Make signs-by hand or by mouth 2.Know meaning of signs 3.Learn grammar

16. How Children Acquire Language All humans start off making the same sounds regardless of culture or language. By the end of year 1 Imitate parent’s lang. and are praised when they say something that sounds like a word. By age 2 -50 words; later will combine words to make 2 word phrases. From 2 ½ to 5 = 5-10 words per day

17. How Children Acquire Language Children have telegraphic speech – leaving out words (“Daddy fall down” “Mommy rock you”) Use grammar incorrectly because they can be too rigid. (“Daddy goed yesterday”) By age 4 or 5 children know several thousand words.

18. How Children Acquire Language Psychologists have differing views on language. Reinforced behavior? Inborn? Some claim that there is a critical window of opportunity to learn language (Case Study)

19. Language Acquisition Project http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0V6 11139Rps

20. Developmental Timeline -Using chapter 3 section 1 in your textbook, create a timeline of development for the first year of a child’s life -Include reflexive abilities, perceptual development, physical development and language development. -Use the typical ranges and abilities considered normal by psychologists and doctors. -Provide illustrations to represent each of the developments.