1. RAKHIMZHANOVA ANEL 8 “A”

2. Students will be able to: Differ Confucianism from Daoism Explain teachings and ideology of Confucius Understand believes and practices of Daoism Know quotes of Confucius and Laozi

3.  An influential Chinese philosopher, teacher and political figure.  The Analects( a collection of sayings and ideas of Confucius which is focused on creating ethical models of family and public interaction, and setting educational standards.)  Confucius developed concepts about education, society and government.  An influential Chinese philosopher, teacher and political figure.  The Analects( a collection of sayings and ideas of Confucius which is focused on creating ethical models of family and public interaction, and setting educational standards.)  Confucius developed concepts about education, society and government.

4. o Confucianism is a system of social and ethical philosophy. Confucianism built on an ancient religious foundation to establish the social values. o The main principle of Confucianism is o ren (humaneness) o li (ritual norms) o zhong (loyalty to one's true nature) o shu (reciprocity) o xiao (filial piety) o Confucianism is characterized by a highly optimistic view of human nature. The insistence that human beings are teachable, improvable, and perfectible through personal and communal endeavour is typically Confucian. o Confucianism later became the official imperial philosophy of China, and was extremely influential during the Han, Tang and Song dynasties.

5. In a period of moral decline, traditional Chinese principles began to deteriorate. Confucius recognized an opportunity and an obligation—to reinforce the societal values of compassion and tradition. The heart of Confucianism lay in a vision of a stable, orderly society based on five relationships: 1. Ruler and subject 2. Father and son 3. Husband and wife 4. Older and younger brothers 5. Two friends Confucius’ political beliefs were likewise based on the concept of self- discipline. He believed that a leader needed to exercise self-discipline in order to remain humble and treat his followers with compassion.

6. Lao-tzu(Laozi) was a Chinese philosopher credited with founding the philosophical system of Taoism. He is best known as the author of the Tao-Te- Ching, the work which exemplifies his thought. The name by which he is known is not a personal name, but an honorific title meaning `Old Man’ or `Old Teacher’. The historian Durant writes, “Lao-Tze, greatest of the pre-Confucian philosophers, he knew the wisdom of silence, and lived, we may be sure, to a ripe old age – though we are not sure that he lived at all”. Lao-tzu(Laozi) was a Chinese philosopher credited with founding the philosophical system of Taoism. He is best known as the author of the Tao-Te- Ching, the work which exemplifies his thought. The name by which he is known is not a personal name, but an honorific title meaning `Old Man’ or `Old Teacher’. The historian Durant writes, “Lao-Tze, greatest of the pre-Confucian philosophers, he knew the wisdom of silence, and lived, we may be sure, to a ripe old age – though we are not sure that he lived at all”.

7. Daoism - indigenous religion-philosophical tradition that has shaped Chinese life for more than 2,000 years. Daoist attitude toward life can be seen in the accepting and yielding, the joyful and carefree sides of the Chinese character. Daoism is also characterized by a positive, active attitude toward the occult and the theories on the nature of reality. Daoism regards life as the most valuable thing and pursues immortality. Life can be prolonged through meditation and exercise. People should train their will, discard selfishness, and seek to be a model of virtue. With high moral sense and good exercise, one can maintain energy throughout one’s life. To achieve this, Daoism stresses the need for a peaceful and harmonious environment as a very important external condition. Daoism - indigenous religion-philosophical tradition that has shaped Chinese life for more than 2,000 years. Daoist attitude toward life can be seen in the accepting and yielding, the joyful and carefree sides of the Chinese character. Daoism is also characterized by a positive, active attitude toward the occult and the theories on the nature of reality. Daoism regards life as the most valuable thing and pursues immortality. Life can be prolonged through meditation and exercise. People should train their will, discard selfishness, and seek to be a model of virtue. With high moral sense and good exercise, one can maintain energy throughout one’s life. To achieve this, Daoism stresses the need for a peaceful and harmonious environment as a very important external condition.

8.  According to yin and yang philosophy - the universe, and everything in it, is both constant and cyclical. One force dominates and then it is replaced by the opposing force.  The Dao, the essence of all, gives birth to Nature, which in turn gives birth to Yin and Yang. Yin and Yang are opposites which must always be in balance:  Yin is female, moist, cold, the moon, autumn and winter, shadows and waters.  Yang is male, dry, hot, the sun, spring and summer, brightness and earth.  The need to balance yin and yang can be applied to everything, including martial arts, food and the arrangement of living conditions.  From the perpetual striving of Yin and Yang arises the Heaven, Earth and Humanity. Humanity must try to balance the opposites of Heaven and Earth.  According to yin and yang philosophy - the universe, and everything in it, is both constant and cyclical. One force dominates and then it is replaced by the opposing force.  The Dao, the essence of all, gives birth to Nature, which in turn gives birth to Yin and Yang. Yin and Yang are opposites which must always be in balance:  Yin is female, moist, cold, the moon, autumn and winter, shadows and waters.  Yang is male, dry, hot, the sun, spring and summer, brightness and earth.  The need to balance yin and yang can be applied to everything, including martial arts, food and the arrangement of living conditions.  From the perpetual striving of Yin and Yang arises the Heaven, Earth and Humanity. Humanity must try to balance the opposites of Heaven and Earth.

11. ConfucianismDaoism Goal of religionTo have a structured society.To be one with nature. Belief Confucianism is both a religion and a philosophy of China, and of Asia as a whole. It stresses human conduct over belief in God. Taoism is both a religion and a philosophy of China, and of Asia as a whole. It stresses humanity's relationship with nature. Human nature Humans should respect those who are superior to them. Humans should just follow the Tao. Life after deathTo be worshipped as ancestors. Taoists believe that the soul survives after death and has the ability to travel through space. PrincipleConfucianism all about the brotherhood of humanity. Taoists believe that life is good. Taoism lays emphasis on the body. Goal of PhilosophySocial harmony.To gain balance in life. Status of womenSocially inferior to men. Generally equal, spoken of highly in the tao te ching (oldest taoist text) but varies among schools. Views on the afterlife To be worshipped by one's descendants and their families. The soul lives on. Virtue in which religion is based upon RespectContemplation

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