1. Date of download: 6/27/2016 From: Population Strategies to Decrease Sodium Intake and the Burden of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cost- Effectiveness Analysis Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(8):481-487. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-8-201004200-00212 Five-state Markov model.The model represents the clinical events that can occur at 1-month intervals. Persons in the well state have never had a heart attack or stroke, whereas persons in the CVD state have a history of heart attack or stroke. During each 1-month period, a person in the well or CVD state is at risk for acute MI, acute stroke, or noncardiac death. Persons remain in the acute MI or acute stroke state for up to 1 month and either die of MI or stroke or move to the CVD state. Persons in the CVD state may not return to the well state. CVD = cardiovascular disease; MI = myocardial infarction. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians

2. Date of download: 6/27/2016 From: Population Strategies to Decrease Sodium Intake and the Burden of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cost- Effectiveness Analysis Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(8):481-487. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-8-201004200-00212 Lifetime costs and QALYs for a population of U.S. adults aged 40 to 85 years under 2 strategies of population dietary sodium reduction compared with doing nothing.For collaboration with industry, we plot the estimated effects of a 9.5% decrease in population sodium intake as well as the effects if greater decreases in population sodium intake are achieved (20% and 40%). QALY = quality-adjusted life-year. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians

3. Date of download: 6/27/2016 From: Population Strategies to Decrease Sodium Intake and the Burden of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cost- Effectiveness Analysis Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(8):481-487. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-8-201004200-00212 Probability of cost savings over the lifetime of U.S. adults aged 40 to 85 years: collaboration with industry versus doing nothing.We have plotted the percentage of simulations from the probabilistic sensitivity analysis that achieved different levels of costs savings for collaboration with industry versus doing nothing. For example, there is a 98% chance of any cost savings with collaboration compared with doing nothing, a 78% chance of saving at least $10 billion, and a 40% chance of saving at least $30 billion. The probability of cost savings is the same with and without inclusion of a quality-of-life impairment due to the reduced-sodium diet. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians

4. Date of download: 6/27/2016 From: Population Strategies to Decrease Sodium Intake and the Burden of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cost- Effectiveness Analysis Ann Intern Med. 2010;152(8):481-487. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-8-201004200-00212 Incremental costs and QALYs for collaboration with industry versus doing nothing, based on 1000 simulations for a population of U.S. adults aged 40 to 85 y.Assume a lifetime quality-of-life impairment with the reduced- sodium diet. For each simulation, the computer selects a set of values from the distribution of each variable in the model and estimates the costs and QALYs for the intervention and the status quo. Incremental costs and QALYs are calculated by subtracting the intervention estimate from doing nothing. This method of sensitivity analysis allows all variables in the model to vary across their estimated distributions with each simulation. The mean reduction of sodium intake for collaboration with industry is 9.5%. The Appendix describes the distributions used. In 54% of simulations, collaboration with industry both saves money and gains QALYs (lower-right quadrant). QALY = quality-adjusted life-year. Figure Legend: Copyright © American College of Physicians. All rights reserved.American College of Physicians