1. THE ROAD TO WWII

2. THINK ALL THE WAY BACK TO THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR….

3. The speakers below are discussing foreign policies that the United States has followed at various times. Base your answers on their statements and on your knowledge of social studies.  Speaker A: Steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world.  Speaker B: The United States will give economic aid to needy countries anywhere in the world, but will not provide military aid.  Speaker C: The United States must prevent the growth of communism.  Speaker D: The United States can take over other countries to help them become more like us. Which speaker states a policy most similar to the foreign policy advice given by President George Washington in his Farewell Address? REGENTS QUESTION:

4. EXPLANATION:  In his farewell address George Washington warned the infantile America to stay clear of “entangling alliances” with the Europeans, but to continue economic ties with the continent. This policy of neutrality in Europe (and in most external affairs) remained a fixture of US foreign policy up until the growth of US imperialism in the late 1800’s.

5. WHAT’S GOING ON IN EUROPE??

6.  Totalitarian states rise  Single-party dictatorship exerting control over all aspects of life  Strong, charismatic leader often at head of government  State control of economy  Use of police, spies, and terror to enforce the will of the state  Gov’t control of the media and use of propaganda to indoctrinate citizens  Use of schools and youth organizations to spread ideology to children  Strict censorship especially of those with dissenting opinions THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES FAILS

7.  1924 Stalin rises to power (Soviet Union)  “The Great Terror”-purged the Communist Party of real or suspected traitors in the 1930s; killed or imprisoned up to a million people  1919-1922 Mussolini rises to power (Italy)  Fascist  Outlawed political parties, took over the press, created a secret police, organized a youth groups, and suppressed strikes  Opposed liberalism and socialism REPRESSION IN THE SOVIET UNION & ITALY

8.  Early 1930s the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazis) come to power  Hitler was seen as the saving grace to the crumbling Germany after WWI because he led Germany out of the depression  Secret police, state-controlled press, state-controlled education system HITLER GAINS CONTROL OF GERMANY

9.  DID NOT become a totalitarian dictatorship; continued as a constitutional monarchy headed by mainly aloof emperor  Slowly shifts to (aggressive) military control  1931 attack on Manchuria; 1937 “Rape of Nanjing” JAPANESE EXPANSION

10. (Trust me, it does!) SO WHAT DOES THIS HAVE TO DO WITH US INVOLVEMENT IN WWII???

11.  Isolationism- a foreign policy of remaining apart from political or economic entanglements with other countries.  NO economic activities including trading! Everything was getting heated abroad and Americans were (still) upset about WWI RETURN TO ISOLATIONISM (1930S)

12. Neutrality  Deliberately takes no side in dispute or controversy  Nonaligned or noninvolved  Trading activities OK as long as they aren’t politically getting the country involved Isolationism WAIT….WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THESE FOREIGN POLICIES??

13.  Roosevelt opposes Japanese aggression  “War is a contagion, whether it be declared or undeclared. It can engulf states and peoples remote from the original scene of hostilities. We are determined to keep out of war, yet we cannot insure ourselves against the disastrous effects of war and the dangers of involvement.” -FDR, Quarantine speech, October 5, 1937 AGGRESSION ABROAD

14.  Policy of appeasement  Hitler goes unchecked  War breaks out in Europe  France falls to Hitler in just 35 days  Britain was the next target AGGRESSION ABROAD

15. 1935, 1936, 1937  Declared the U.S. would withhold weapons and loans of money from ALL nations at war  Warned Americans traveling on ships belonging to nations at war did so at their own risk THE NEUTRALITY ACTS

16.  NO loans!  You want our goods? Show us the money and you can have them! CASH AND CARRY POLICY

17.  (1941) allowed President Roosevelt to sell or lend war supplies to any country whose defense he considered vital to the safety of the United States  By 1945, more than $40 BILLION of Lend- Lease aid was sent to the Allies including the Soviet Union  Economic declaration of war against Germany and the Axis Powers LEND-LEASE ACT

18.  1941 FDR met with Prime Minister Churchill (England)  Discussed problems going on now plus hopes for the future  Document endorsed national self- determination and an international system of “general security” (U.N.) THE ATLANTIC CHARTER

19. POLITICAL CARTOON ANALYSIS

22.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wvDFsxjaPaE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wvDFsxjaPaE VIDEO (WATCH BEGINNING TO 4 MIN)