1. Water is a substance that is found on earth and in the atmosphere in all three phases of matter.

2. How Much Energy Do I Need to change the Temperature of ……. Joules – amount of heat energy To find the heat needed to change the temperature of a substance we use Q= m C T Heat = mass * specific heat * change in temperature Find the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 50 grams of water 10 ˚C. Q= (50 g)(4.18 J/g°C) (10 ˚C)

3. Specific Heat The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1˚C Water has the highest specific heat of all known substances Which means it takes more energy to change the temp of water than it does than any other known substance.

4. What substance requires the least amount of energy to heat up?? LEAD How do you know??? It has a Low Specific Heat!!!

5. No swimming on memorial day. Even though the temperature of air may be hot on memorial day, most will not dive into the water b/c the oceans haven’t heated up enough to be warm. Water’s high specific heat will prevent it from changing it’s temperature quickly, so even though the sand may be hot but the water will still be cold. Water also takes longer to cool down the sand. At night the sand will be cooler than the water. The high specific heat of water helps it retain its heat.

6. I. Kinetic Energy The measure of temperature. When matter is heated its temperature may rise because the atoms and molecules vibrate more rapidly. Atoms in motion is a measure of kinetic energy

7. When heat is changed during the same phase of matter the temperature will change and kinetic energy increases

8. II. Potential Energy / Latent Heat Stored energy Change in energy is a change in potential energy Potential energy is known as latent energy because it does not show up as a change in temperature.

9. Potential Energy continued The temperature stays the same during phase changes because the energy is either being absorbed or released to create the change in phase.

10. Heat of Fusion- latent heat used for melting or freezing. Melting Freezing Heat is absorbed (gained 334 joules per gram of water Heat is released 334 joules/g of water

11. Heat of Vaporization- energy used to change liquid water into gas or to change a gas back into a liquid Evaporation – liquid to gas Condensation – gas to liquid Heat must be absorbed 2260 j/g of water Heat must be released 2260 j/g of water is released Forms clouds *** The release of this energy into the atmosphere during cloud formation is the fuel for storms.

12. Why does thunder and lightening only occur during rain storms not snow storms?? b/c the energy released into the atmosphere is significantly higher during a rain storm (2260 j/g) than a snow storm (334 j/g)

13. Heating Curve for Pure Substances

14. What would the cooling curve of the same substance look like?