1. INDIAN CASE STUDY OF PROJECT TIGER AND BIOSPHERE RESERVE
Submitted by K.MURUGESAN Ist M.Sc.,BOTANY GANDHIGRAM RURAL UNIVERSITY TAMILNADU.

3. BIOSPHERE RESERVE

8. WHAT IS BIOSPERE RESERVE ?
The Indian Government has also established biosphere reserves which protect larger areas of natural habitat, and often include one or more national parks and/or preserves, along buffer zones that are open to some economic uses

9. FUNCTIONS OF BR COSERVATION DEVELOPMENT LOGISTICS SUPPORT
BENEFICIARIES

10. NATIONAL BR PROGRAMME
India has created a network of protected areas in the form of ;
96 National parks
510 Wildlife sanctuaries
28 Tiger Reserves
25 Elephant Reserves

11. OBJECTIVES To conserve the diversity and integrity of
plants and animals
To safeguard genetic diversity of species
To provide areas for multi-faceted research and monitoring
To provide facilities for education and training
To ensure sustainable use of natural resources through most appropriate technology

12. BR OF INDIA The Indian government has established 17
BR in India ,which protect large natural
areas.
Seven of the seventeen BR’s are a part of the world network of BR, based on the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere programme list

13. Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, 2000
Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, 2001
Sundarbans national park, 2001
Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, 2004
Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, 2009
Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, 2009
Simlipal Biosphere Reserve, 2009

14. Biosphere reserves of India (area wise)1
2008
Great Rann of Kutch
Part of Kutch, Rajkot and Surendranagar Districts
Gujarat
Desert
12454 2
1989
Gulf of Mannar
Indian part of Gulf of Mannar between India and Sri Lanka
Tamil Nadu
Coasts
10500 3
Sunderbans
Part of delta of Ganges and Barahamaputra river system
West Bengal
Gangetic Delta
9630 4
1988
Nanda Devi
Parts of Chamoli District, Pithoragarh District & Bageshwar District
Uttarakhand
West Himalayas
5860

15. Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve 5
1986
Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
Part of Waynad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Mudumalai, Nilambur, Silent Valley and Siruvani Hills
Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka
Western Ghats
5520 6
1998
Dehang Debang
Part of Siang and Dibang Valley
Arunachal Pradesh
East Himalayas
5112 7
1999
Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve
Parts of Betul District, Hoshangabad District and Chhindwara District
Madhya Pradesh
Semi-Arid
4926 8
1994
Simlipal
Part of Mayurbhanj district
Orissa
Deccan Peninsula
4374 9
2005
Achanakamar - Amarkantak
Part of Annupur, Dindori and Bilaspur districts
Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh
Maikala Range
3835

16. 10
1989
Manas
Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamrup and Darrang Districts
Assam
East Himalayas
2837 11
2000
Kanchanjunga
Parts of Kanchanjunga Hills
Sikkim
2620 12
2001
Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve
Neyyar, Peppara and Shenduruny Wildlife Sanctuary and their adjoining areas
Kerala, Tamil Nadu
Western ghats
1828 13
Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve
Southern most islands of Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Islands
885 14
1988
Nokrek
Part of Garo Hills
Meghalaya
820

17. 15
1997
Dibru-Saikhowa
Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts
Assam
East Himalaas
765 16
2009
Cold Deset
Pin Valley National Park and surroundings;Chandratal and Sarchu & Kibber Wildlife Sancturary
Himachal Pradesh
Western Himalayas
7770 17
2010
Seshachalam Hills
Seshachalam Hill Ranges covering parts of Chittoor and Kadapa districts
Andhra Pradesh
Eastern Ghats

18. NILGRI

19. Potential Sites for Biosphere Reserves
Following is the list of potential sites for Biosphere Reserves as selected by Ministry of Forests and Environment:-
Namdapha, Arunachal Pradesh
Thar desert, Rajasthan
Little Rann of Kutch, Gujarat
Kaziranga, Assam
Kanha, Madhya Pradesh
North Islands of Andaman Andaman & Nicobar
Abujmarh, Madhya Pradesh
Chintapalli, Andhra Pradesh
Lakshadweep Islands, Lakshadweep
Singbhum, Jharkhand

20. NANDA DEVI RESERVE

21. PROJECT TIGER LAUNCHING & PROJECT TIGER
Project Tiger was launched in 1972 in India
The project Aims - Natural habitats ,
preserving areas of biological importance

22. SITUATION IN INDIA
Based on the result of surveys, the total tiger population has been estimated at 1,411 individuals ranging from 1,165 to 1,657 adult and sub-adult tigers of more than 1.5 years of age.
The Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2006 (No. 39 of 2006) has come into force on 4 September The Act provides for creating the National Tiger Conservation

23. Authority and the Tiger and Other
Endangered Species Crime Control
Bureau (Wildlife Crime Control Bureau).

24. TIGER RESEARCH WORKERS IN INDIA
Tiger scientists in India, such as Raghu Chundawat and Ullas Karanth
Chundawat, in the past, had been involved with radio telemetry (collaring the tigers)
Karanth has been instrumental in using camera traps, radiotelemetry and prey counts.

25. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Project Tiger was meant to identify the limiting factors and to mitigate them by suitable management.
The damages done to the habitat were to be rectified so as to facilitate the recovery of the ecosystem to the maximum possible extent.

26. The potential tiger habitats being covered are:
Sivalik–Terai Conservation Unit
North east Conservation Unit
Sunderbans Conservation Unit
Central Indian Conservation Unit
Eastern Ghat Conservation Unit
Western Ghat Conservation Units

27. TIGER CONSERVATION
In June 2007, a detailed survey by the Wildlife Institute of India (WII), which used accurate camera traps for counting tigers rather than the more traditional method of counting footprints (pugmarks), reported that previous estimates of tiger numbers in India may be hugely optimistic.

28. TIGER ORGANISATION
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 has been amended to provide for constituting of the National Tiger Conservation Authority responsible for implementation of the Project Tiger Plan to protect endangered tigers
The National Tiger Conservation Authority is set up under the Chairmanship of the Minister for Environment & Forests

29. The Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2006 (No
The Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2006 (No. 39 of 2006) has come into force on 4 September The Act provides for creating the National Tiger Conservation
Authority and the Tiger and Other Endangered Species Crime Control Bureau (Wildlife Crime Control Bureau )

31. PROJECT PLACES/RESERVE AREAS
The Inian Government has been
announced the 28 Tiger Reserve areas.
Because the many species of tiger is .
endangered.
In this tigers are identified by their foot
prints(pug marks)

32. Tiger reserves in India Bori, Satpura, Panchmari
Year
Name
State
Area (km²) 1
1982
Nagarjunsagar
Andhra Pradesh
3568 2
1973
Manas
Assam
2840 3
Indravati
Madhya Pradesh
2799 4
Similipal
Orissa
2750 5
Sunderbans
West Bengal
2585 6
Namdapha
Arunachal Pradesh
1985 7
Kanha
1945 8
Melghat
Maharashtra
1677 9
Bandipur – Nagarhole
Karnataka
1509 10
1999
Bori, Satpura, Panchmari
1486

33. Arunachal Pradesh-Assam Kalakad-Mundanthurai11
1987
Dudhwa-Katerniaghat
Uttar Pradesh
1362 12
1973
Ranthambhore
Rajasthan
1334 13
Corbett Tiger Reserve
Uttarakhand
1316 14
1999
Pakhui-Nameri
Arunachal Pradesh-Assam
1206 15
1993
Bandhavgarh
Madhya Pradesh
1162 16
Palamau
Jharkhand
1026 17
1978
Sariska
866 18
1989
Valmiki
Bihar
840 19
1988
Kalakad-Mundanthurai
Tamil Nadu
800

34. 20
1978
Periyar
Kerala
777 21
1982
Buxa
West Bengal
759 22
1992
Pench
Madhya Pradesh
758 23
1993
Tadoba-Andheri
Maharashtra
620 24
1994
Panna
542 25
Dampha
Mizoram
500 26
1998
Bhadra
Karnataka
492 27
257 28
N/A
Buxar
Bihar NA

36. KALAKAD-MUNDANDURAI

37. Mudumalai Tiger Reserve
There are 48 tigers in the Nilgiri Reserve across which tigers are free to roam. In April, 2007, the Tamil Nadu state government declared Mudumalai as a Tiger Reserve, under section 38V of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, in an effort to conserve the country's dwindling Tiger populations.

39. Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary
Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area in South India, declared in 2008, and enlarged in 2011, which covers forest area of 1,411.6 km2 (545.0 sq mi).
This is the largest wildlife sanctuary in Tamil Nadu

42. PERIYAR TIGER RESERVE
Periyar is a protected area, and a nature reserve in the South Indian State of Kerala.
The protected area covers an area of 925 km², out of which a 350 km² part of the core zone was made into the Periyar National Park and Tiger Reserve

43. SOME ARTICLES ……… Current science vol.101 no.10 pg.1284.,
Wildlife Biodiversity Conservation
-Indian Academy of Sciences
Bulletin

44. BENGAL TIGER

45. AMUR TIGER

46. INDO CHINESE TIGER
CASPIAN TIGER

47. GOVT.ACTIVITIES

48. OTHER NGO’S Kuduremukh Wildlife Foundation
Nature Conservation Foundation (NCF)
Bhadra Wildlife Conservation Trust
Tiger Research and Conservation Trust (TRACT)

49. FUNDS FOR PROJECT
Anderson et al funding money - Tiger conservation by nongovernmental organizations $23 million countries of India, Russia, Indonesia, Malaysia and Nepal.
Project Tiger, got more than Rs600 crore in the 11th plan.

50. Name of States
Andhra Pradesh
68.793
35.00
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
86.49
87.431
95.614
Bihar
6.4920
37.145
Chhattisgarh
10.00
169.87
Jharkhand
45.16
Karnataka
Kerala
109.00
267.09
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
334.19
229.51
Mizoram
115.16
82.90
241.45
Orissa
150.25
43.28
625.99
Rajasthan
410.68
Tamil Nadu
45.00
Uttaranchal
462.85
U.P
75.00
134.89
West Bengal
177.30
Total

51. MINISTERS
Minister of Tourism
Shri Subodh Kant Sahay
Ministry of Environment & Forests
Smt. Jayanthi Natarajan
Environment - Tamilnadu
N.Mariyam Pichai
Forests - Tamilnadu
K.T.Pachamal

52. Conclusion

53. REFERENCES other links Books http://en.wikipedia.org/project tiger
reserve
other links
List of protected areas
List of Tiger Reserved areas in India
Books
S.S.Negi – 1993 – Biodiversity and its Conservation

54. THANK YOU