2. Topic: Kings v. Popes Unit: Medieval Europe

3. Essential Question What did the kings and popes argue about in the Late Middle Ages?

6. The Late Middle Ages The breakdown of feudalism

7. Government

8. Who is in charge?! So, there’s no emperor, no king, no president, no single ruler of Europe. There are a bunch of landowners and rulers of small kingdoms who want more power. There is only one Pope but he had no military power. X

10. Timeout! The picture on the next page shows Charlemagne being crowned by the pope. Who seems to be the one in charge in the picture? What makes you think that?

12. Kings vs. Popes Charlemagne vs Pope Leo Round 1: Charlemagne vs Pope Leo

13. The Problem Both Charlemagne and Pope Leo thought they should lead Christendom. Leo crowned Charlemagne making it seem like Charlemagne’s authority came from Leo. This was only the start of the struggle.

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15. Philosophical Throwdown

16. Philosophical Throwdown Who do you believe should run the empire? The King The Church

17. Kings vs. Popes Henry IV Round 2: Henry IVv. Pope Gregory VII

18. Mine! No Mine!

19. Henry, king not through usurpation but through the holy ordination of God, to Gregory, at present not pope but false monk. I, Henry, king by the grace of God, with all of my Bishops, say to you, come down, come down, and be damned throughout the ages. Sincerely, King Henry IV

21. I’m sorry pope, please let me in! What? Sorry! Can’t hear you! Come back tomorrow!

23. Pope Gregory Vs Henry IV PG questioned KH’s authority to pick bishops. KH tried to get PG removed as Pope. PG excommunicated KH. KH begged for 3 days to be let back into the church so people would listen to him again. PG let him in after proving the pope was the most powerful figure.

24. As a result of this conflict the Compromise of 1122 was reached, which stated: ––T––The Pope would select all bishops and abbots BUT… those bishops and abbots must obey the king.

25. Kings vs. Popes Round 3: King John v. The Church

26. King v. Pope King John of England began taxing the Church The Church decided they would not pay the taxes. Instead they would leave England entirely. The people of England feared they would be sent to Hell.

27. King v. Popes Upset, many nobles threatened to abandon King John. Along with taxing the church John was arresting people he believed may challenge his authority. The nobles threatened John to obey their demands or lose all support of the nobles and their knights. What did they demand???

28. Magna Carta “I, King John, accept that I have to govern according to the law.” Law was supreme in the land!! – –Not king or church Took power away from the monarchs and gave it to the “people”. By signing the Magna Carta, King John agreed to: 1) not imprison nobles without trail (habeas corpus), 2) fair taxation on nobles, 3) not to interfere with church affairs… and much more