1. Lesson 18: Joint, Interagency, Intergovernmental and Multinational (JIIM) Organizations Panel Natacha Meden Independent Consultant, Geneva Center for the Democratic Control of the Armed Forces Rene Van Slate US AID/Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance George Gusczca Project HOPE

2. The UN System: 193 member states; 6 organs (eg. Security Council, Secretariat); 60 departments, programs, funds and specialized agencies (eg. DPKO, UNDP, UNICEF, WHO) Purpose: maintain international peace and security – Norm setting (international law) – Conflict prevention / resolution – Humanitarian assistance / disaster relief – Peacekeeping and peacebuilding Engagement in security cooperation related activities – Support to security sector reform – Support to demobilization of former combatants – Capacity building / training The United Nations

3. The World Bank The WB Group: 188 shareholders; 5 institutions (IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA and ICSID); 120 offices worldwide Purpose : reduce poverty and support development – Financial assistance to developing countries (low-interest loans, interest- free credits, grants) to support investments in education, health, public administration, infrastructure, financial and private sector development, agriculture, environmental and natural resource management – Technical assistance, policy advice, research and analytical work to help inform developing countries’ own investments – Capacity development Engagement in security cooperation related activities – Conflict/security sensitive reconstruction and recovery programming – Governance and accountability (eg. expenditure reviews including the security sector)

4. Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces DCAF: – Swiss-based 61 member foundation (incl. USA) established in 2000 – International Security Sector Advisory Team (ISSAT) established in 2008 Purpose: support enhanced governance and reform of the security sector Engagement in security cooperation related activities: – development and promotion of norms and standards, – tailored policy research, – in‐country advisory support and assistance programs (host nations), – capacity building of ISSAT members supporting SSR, – promotion of good practices

5. 5 Non Governmental Organizations: Understanding Their Role in Army Security Cooperation Planning Frederick Gerber Project HOPE, Director Special Programs and Operations fgerber@projecthope.org +1.540.429.4561 USARPAC Security Cooperation Planner’s Course

6. New Mexico Dominican Republic Haiti Mexico Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua Peru Malawi Mozambique South Africa Namibia Egypt Iraq India Indonesia China Japan Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Tajikistan Saudi Arabia 1 2 3 4 4 HOPE Program Volunteer Operations 2004-2013 HOPE Operations Supporting CCDRs 2004-2013 Ghana Jordan Brazil Ecuador Colombia Venezuela Guyana Suriname Argentina Morocco Portugal Tunisia Nigeria Cameroon Liberia Sierra Leone Guinea Somalia Ethiopia Kenya Oman Mozambique Zimbabwe Botswana Sudan Papua New Guinea South Korea Vietnam Philippines Thailand Myanmar Laos Cambodia Poland Czech Republic Ukraine Estonia Latvia Russia Turkey Georgia Azerbaijan Armenia Pakistan Macedonia Bosnia Mongolia Nepal Bangladesh Solomon Islands Marshall Islands Micronesia Tonga Samoa Timor-Leste Programs 1974-2013 Current Programs 2013 US Navy Missions US Air Force Missions US Army Missions Chile Vol Service Corps Corporate Forecasted 2014 Fulltime Operating Base - 44 missions - 123 country engagements -1,356 VOLs employed -$33M in GIK -14,112 surgeries performed -782,879 patients treated - 217,205 educational contacts Asia Pivot Rebalance Area

7. World Risk Index: disaster Hotspots in order of risk of 173 countries 4 Guatemala 7 Costa Rica 10 El Salvador 14 Nicaragua 5 Bangladesh 8 Cambodia 9 Timor-Leste 11 Brunei Darussalam 1 Vanuatu 2 Tonga 6 Solomon Is 12 Papua New Guinea Tsunami Infectious Disease Earthquake Hurricane DOD Project HOPE HADR Operations 2004-2013 Humanitarian Assistance Disaster Relief (HADR) Radiologic

8. 8 Natural Disaster Events by Country 1974-2003 About 200 countries 392 disasters/year 85% in Asia Pacific Natural Disasters 1900-2010 Asia Pacific Rim of Fire Asia Pacific Rim of Fire

9. 9 No generally accepted definition Fundamental features –Legally constituted organization –Independent from government –Not for profit –Non-political, non-violent, non-criminal Local, national, regional, international presence Single to multi-functional interests, scope of work State, private, corporate donations Non Governmental Organization Definition

10. Global Distribution of Registered NGOs 22,875 1.5M 315 616 639 956 387 202 2,380 395 4,612 3,506 923 8,332 723 395 4,767 3.3M Haiti-20K From Multiple Sources

11. 11 Civilian Response Stakeholders Why are civilian actors important in HADR? Military can’t do it all; lack endurance, resources, experience Military supports very small percentage of natural and complex disasters Civilians provide largest amount of resource spt Military resources expensive to engage Civilian agents more effective and efficient interacting, supporting indigenous civilian agencies, long-term outcome and capacity building Civilians cheaper, enduring and long-term Civilian HADR NGO Stakeholders/Responders 11

12. 12 All potential players/resources Focused on long-term, enduring projects…(DOD engagements short-term, sporadic, lack transition) Can make powerful, lasting contributions Health/engineering diplomacy – neutral door openers Can be force multipliers when DOD resources thin Better at Performance Measurement and Evaluation (PME) Partnerships help operationalize Theater Security Cooperation programs Employing NGOs Planning Considerations

13. 13 Identify Security Cooperation missions Resource the mission with program funding Identify critical/desirable unfilled mission gaps List pertinent NGO players engaged in AOR Build partnership with habitual, well performing, enduring NGOs Build long-term PME Implement, evaluate, change, modify, sustain the plan Engage NGOs for the long-term Employing NGOs Staff Planning Steps

14. 14 Relationships matter – can’t surge trust Predictable, sustainable relationships require recurring, habitual, long-term engagement Lose traction with short-term, episodic engagements Partnerships require honesty, mutual trust, collaboration, communication “My way or the highway” thematic doesn’t work Civilian volunteers are 100% cheaper than deployed uniformed providers Volunteers deploy quicker, less bureaucracy Lessons Learned Employing NGOs